Mediators of fruit and vegetable consumption among colorectal cancer survivors

Due to early detection and treatment, survival from colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis has been steadily increasing. A CRC diagnosis could be considered a “teachable moment,” a time when interventionists might successfully promote dietary changes. CRC interventions with tailored print communication (TPC) and telephone motivational interviewing (TMI) have been shown to be effective in promoting fruit and vegetable consumption (FVC) among CRC survivors. However, little is known about how these interventions work to exert their effect. This study investigated whether information processes mediate the relationship between a CRC intervention and FVC among CRC survivors

A 2-Arm, Randomized, Controlled Trial of a Motivational Interviewing-Based Intervention to Improve Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Among Patients Failing or Initiating ART

Motivational interviewing (MI) is a counseling technique that has been used effectively to change a number of health-related behaviors. We sought to assess the impact on patients’ antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence of a multicomponent, MI-based ART adherence intervention compared with that of an HIV informational control program

Intensive Case Management Before and After Prison Release is No More Effective Than Comprehensive Pre-Release Discharge Planning in Linking HIV-Infected Prisoners to Care: A Randomized Trial

Imprisonment provides opportunities for the diagnosis and successful treatment of HIV, however, the benefits of antiretroviral therapy are frequently lost following release due to suboptimal access and utilization of health care and services. In response, some have advocated for development of intensive case-management interventions spanning incarceration and release to support treatment adherence and community re-entry for HIV-infected releasees. We conducted a randomized controlled trial of a motivational Strengths Model bridging case management intervention (BCM) beginning approximately 3 months prior to and continuing 6 months after release versus a standard of care prison-administered discharge planning program (SOC) for HIV-infected state prison inmates. The primary outcome variable was self-reported access to post-release medical care. Of the 104 inmates enrolled, 89 had at least 1 post-release study visit. Of these, 65.1% of BCM and 54.4% of SOC assigned participants attended a routine medical appointment within 4 weeks of release (P >0.3). By week 12 post-release, 88.4% of the BCM arm and 78.3% of the SOC arm had at attended at least one medical appointment (P = 0.2), increasing in both arms at week 24–90.7% with BCM and 89.1% with SOC (P >0.5). No participant without a routine medical visit by week 24 attended an appointment from weeks 24 to 48. The mean number of clinic visits during the 48 weeks post release was 5.23 (SD = 3.14) for BCM and 4.07 (SD = 3.20) for SOC (P >0.5). There were no significant differences between arms in social service utilization and re-incarceration rates were also similar. We found that a case management intervention bridging incarceration and release was no more effective than a less intensive pre-release discharge planning program in supporting health and social service utilization for HIV-infected individuals released from prison

A Population-Based Study of the Prevalence and Distinctiveness of Battering, Physical Assault, and Sexual Assault in Intimate Relationships

The types of violence subsumed under the term intimate partner violence includephysical assault, sexual assault, psychological abuse, and battering. This study is thefirst to estimate the prevalence of intimate partner violence by type (battering, physicalassaults, and sexual assaults) in a population-based sample of women aged 18 to 45. Theauthors describe the prevalence of partner violence by type as well as the demographic,health behavior, and health status correlates of intimate partner violence by type. Findingssupport the empirical distinction of battering and assault. Battering as measured bythe Women\u27s Experiences With Battering (WEB) Scale provided the most comprehensivemeasure of intimate partner violence

Les questionnements éthiques en systèmes d’information

L’informatisation des systèmes d’information (SI) dans les organisations soulève plusieurs questions éthiques, qui sont abordées dans la littérature de façon encore dispersée. Cet article propose un état de l’art de ces questions, afin d’identifier si elles constituent la base d’un courant de recherche émergent. Une revue systématique de la littérature anglophone et francophone sur l’éthique des SI permet aux auteurs d’identifier les questions éthiques apparues au cours des trente dernières années.The numerization of Information Systems (IS) has raised a few ethical questions in the academic literature. However, this literature belongs to diverse fields (computer ethics, information ethics and business ethics). The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether a new research field in Information Systems Ethics is about to emerge in the IS management literature. A systematic analysis of the literature on IS ethics allows us to identify ethical dilemmas that appeared in the literature during the last thirty years