Características fisiológicas, músculo-esqueléticas, antropométricas e oftalmológicas em jogadoras de futebol feminino consideradas de elite

O futebol feminino tem crescido acentuadamente em nosso país. Quinze jogadoras de futebol com média de idade de 22,3 ± 6,2 anos, peso 58,2 ± 8,3kg e estatura 162,5 ± 6,1cm foram submetidas à avaliação de vários parâmetros considerados importantes para o rendimento atlético das futebolistas. Além disso, compararam-se alguns índices funcionais encontrados na literatura com os de jogadoras de outros países com mais experiência na prática dessa modalidade. Os seguintes parâmetros e resultados foram: Cardiorrespiratório e metabólico em repouso e no exercício: FC = 87 ± 8bpm; PAS = 100,6 ± 4,5mmHg; PAD = 62,6 ± 4,5mmHg; FCmax. = 194 ± 7bpm; Borg = 19,5 ± 0,8; veloc. max. = 13,4 ± 0,9km.h-1; LV1 = 8,5km.h-1; LV2 = 11,2km.h-1; V Emax. = 93,9 ± 16,5L.min-1; VO2pico = 47,3 ± 4,5mlO2.kg-1.min-1 ; Cybex: força isocinética de MMII direito a 60º S-1 na extensão = 198,5 ± 44,1Nm; na flexão 133,3 ± 30,5Nm; MMII esquerdo a 60º S-1 na extensão = 203,6 ± 38,1Nm; na flexão 116,5 ± 18,8Nm; Wingate: potência de pico corrigida pelo peso = 9,5 ± 0,9w.kg-1; potência média = 7,5 ± 0,5w.kg-1; índice de fadiga = 56,7 ± 7,3%; % de gordura = 17,4 ± 2,3%; Avaliação oftalmológica: acuidade visual para longe dos olhos direito e esquerdo foi de 97,5 ± 5,8%, pressão intra-ocular do olho direito e esquerdo = 13,7 ± 2,7 e 13,1 ± 2,4mmHg, respectivamente. Os resultados das variáveis cuja comparação foi possível com os das futebolistas internacionais mostraram que nossas atletas estavam com os índices equivalentes e, em alguns casos, até superiores. Entretanto, pela escassez de informações, ainda não há condições de estabelecer a quantificação dos índices mais adequados para a prática desta modalidade esportiva pelas mulheres. É necessária a realização de um volume maior de estudos, enfocando vários aspectos do futebol feminino

Multi-environment multi-QTL association mapping identifies disease resistance QTL in barley germplasm from Latin America

Diseases represent a major constraint for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) production in Latin America. Spot blotch (caused by Cochliobolus sativus), stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp. hordei) and leaf rust (caused by Puccinia hordei) are three of the most important diseases that affect the crop in the region. Since fungicide application is not an economically or environmentally sound solution, the development of durably resistant varieties is a priority for breeding programs. Therefore, new resistance sources are needed. The objective of this work was to detect genomic regions associated with field level plant resistance to spot blotch, stripe rust, and leaf rust in Latin American germplasm. Disease severities measured in multi-environment trials across the Americas and 1,096 SNPs in a population of 360 genotypes were used to identify genomic regions associated with disease resistance. Optimized experimental design and spatial modeling were used in each trial to estimate genotypic means. Genome-Wide Association Mapping (GWAS) in each environment was used to detect Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL). All significant environment-specific QTL were subsequently included in a multi-environment-multi-QTL (MEMQ) model. Geographical origin and inflorescence type were the main determinants of population structure. Spot blotch severity was low to intermediate while leaf and stripe rust severity was high in all environments. Mega-environments were defined by locations for spot blotch and leaf rust. Significant marker-trait associations for spot blotch (9 QTL), leaf (6 QTL) and stripe rust (7 QTL) and both global and environment-specific QTL were detected that will be useful for future breeding efforts

Disease model discovery from 3,328 gene knockouts by The International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium.

Although next-generation sequencing has revolutionized the ability to associate variants with human diseases, diagnostic rates and development of new therapies are still limited by a lack of knowledge of the functions and pathobiological mechanisms of most genes. To address this challenge, the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium is creating a genome- and phenome-wide catalog of gene function by characterizing new knockout-mouse strains across diverse biological systems through a broad set of standardized phenotyping tests. All mice will be readily available to the biomedical community. Analyzing the first 3,328 genes identified models for 360 diseases, including the first models, to our knowledge, for type C Bernard-Soulier, Bardet-Biedl-5 and Gordon Holmes syndromes. 90% of our phenotype annotations were novel, providing functional evidence for 1,092 genes and candidates in genetically uncharacterized diseases including arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 3. Finally, we describe our role in variant functional validation with The 100,000 Genomes Project and others