Study of the Influence of Bakery Agents on the Quality of Finished Products

The study of new types of raw materials which differ in the properties necessary in technology, have a rich chemical composition, contain structural components which will not only activate the biotechnological processes of bread production, but also save scarce raw materials used in baking, and improve the chemical composition of the finished product is an urgent problem nowadays. In this work, the expediency and usefulness of barley flour using, polysaccharides and cod liver oil in the creation of compositions for new bakery products is considered. Pectin is a natural polysaccharide which is considered to be enterosorbent. It consists from polygalacturonic acid partially esterified with methanol. Polyfructozan inulin is a natural prebiotic; it is known to give products rich creamy taste and texture. Jerusalem artichoke root powder was a source of inulin consistency. The optimal formulations have been developed experimentally using sensory, physical and chemical methods with the addition of bakery agents (pectin, inulin), as well as a fatty additive – cod liver oil. The dependence between the force proofing products and a ratio of components flour mixture also the stresses of the compression / cutting of bakery products pulp samples and dosages cod liver oil and inactivated yeast. The cod liver oil is considered as a bakery agent of oxidative action used to produce bakery products from flour with weak gluten. The formulation was optimized, and the optimal amount of the additive was determined. The technologies of producing of baking products using bakery agents have been observed, the optimization and quality estimation of them have been carried out

Rigid microenvironments promote cardiac differentiation of mouse and human embryonic stem cells.

While adult heart muscle is the least regenerative of tissues, embryonic cardiomyocytes are proliferative, with embryonic stem (ES) cells providing an endless reservoir. In addition to secreted factors and cell-cell interactions, the extracellular microenvironment has been shown to play an important role in stem cell lineage specification, and understanding how scaffold elasticity influences cardiac differentiation is crucial to cardiac tissue engineering. Though previous studies have analyzed the role of the matrix elasticity on the function of differentiated cardiomyocytes, whether it affects the induction of cardiomyocytes from pluripotent stem cells is poorly understood. Here, we examined the role of matrix rigidity on the cardiac differentiation using mouse and human ES cells. Culture on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates of varied monomer-to-crosslinker ratios revealed that rigid extracellular matrices promote a higher yield of de novo cardiomyocytes from undifferentiated ES cells. Using an genetically modified ES system that allows us to purify differentiated cardiomyocytes by drug selection, we demonstrate that rigid environments induce higher cardiac troponin T expression, beating rate of foci, and expression ratio of adult α- to fetal β- myosin heavy chain in a purified cardiac population. M-mode and mechanical interferometry image analyses demonstrate that these ES-derived cardiomyocytes display functional maturity and synchronization of beating when co-cultured with neonatal cardiomyocytes harvested from a developing embryo. Together, these data identify matrix stiffness as an independent factor that instructs not only the maturation of the already differentiated cardiomyocytes but also the induction and proliferation of cardiomyocytes from undifferentiated progenitors. Manipulation of the stiffness will help direct the production of functional cardiomyocytes en masse from stem cells for regenerative medicine purposes

Lysophosphatidic acid mediates myeloid differentiation within the human bone marrow microenvironment.

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a pleiotropic phospholipid present in the blood and certain tissues at high concentrations; its diverse effects are mediated through differential, tissue specific expression of LPA receptors. Our goal was to determine if LPA exerts lineage-specific effects during normal human hematopoiesis. In vitro stimulation of CD34+ human hematopoietic progenitors by LPA induced myeloid differentiation but had no effect on lymphoid differentiation. LPA receptors were expressed at significantly higher levels on Common Myeloid Progenitors (CMP) than either multipotent Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells (HSPC) or Common Lymphoid Progenitors (CLP) suggesting that LPA acts on committed myeloid progenitors. Functional studies demonstrated that LPA enhanced migration, induced cell proliferation and reduced apoptosis of isolated CMP, but had no effect on either HSPC or CLP. Analysis of adult and fetal human bone marrow sections showed that PPAP2A, (the enzyme which degrades LPA) was highly expressed in the osteoblastic niche but not in the perivascular regions, whereas Autotaxin (the enzyme that synthesizes LPA) was expressed in perivascular regions of the marrow. We propose that a gradient of LPA with the highest levels in peri-sinusoidal regions and lowest near the endosteal zone, regulates the localization, proliferation and differentiation of myeloid progenitors within the bone marrow marrow

Right-Left Differences in Knee Extension Stiffness for the Normal Rat Knee: In Vitro Measurements Using a New Testing Apparatus

Knee stiffness following joint injury or immobilization is a common clinical problem, and the rat has been used as a model for studies related to joint stiffness and limitation of motion. Knee stiffness measurements have been reported for the anesthetized rat, but it is difficult to separate the contributions of muscular and ligamentous restraints to the recorded values. in vitro testing of isolated rat knees devoid of musculature allows measurement of joint structural properties alone. In order to measure the effects of therapeutic or surgical interventions designed to alter joint stiffness, the opposite extremity is often used as a control. However, right-left stiffness differences for the normal rat knee have not been reported in the literature. If stiffness changes observed for a treatment group are within the normal right-left variation, validity of the results could be questioned. The objectives of this study were to utilize a new testing apparatus to measure right-left stiffness differences during knee extension in a population of normal rat knees and to document repeatability of the stiffness measurements on successive testing days. Moment versus rotation curves were recorded for 15 right-left pairs of normal rat knees on three consecutive days, with overnight specimen storage in a refrigerator. Each knee was subjected to ten loading-unloading cycles, with the last loading curve used for analysis. Angular rotation (AR), defined here as the change in flexion-extension angle from a specified applied joint moment, is commonly used as a measure of overall joint stiffness. For these tests, ARs were measured from the recorded test curves with a maximum applied extension moment of 100 g cm. Mean rotations for testing days 2 and 3 were 0.81-1.25 deg lower (p < 0.001) than for day 1, but were not significantly different from each other. For each testing day, mean rotations for right knees were 1.12-1.30 deg greater (p < 0.001) than left knees. These right-left stiffness differences should be considered when interpreting the results of knee treatment studies designed to alter knee stiffness when using the opposite extremity as a control

Human Developmental Chondrogenesis as a Basis for Engineering Chondrocytes from Pluripotent Stem Cells

Joint injury and osteoarthritis affect millions of people worldwide, but attempts to generate articular cartilage using adult stem/progenitor cells have been unsuccessful. We hypothesized that recapitulation of the human developmental chondrogenic program using pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) may represent a superior approach for cartilage restoration. Using laser-capture microdissection followed by microarray analysis, we first defined a surface phenotype (CD166(low/neg)CD146(low/neg)CD73(+)CD44(low)BMPR1B(+)) distinguishing the earliest cartilage committed cells (prechondrocytes) at 5-6 weeks of development. Functional studies confirmed these cells are chondrocyte progenitors. From 12 weeks, only the superficial layers of articular cartilage were enriched in cells with this progenitor phenotype. Isolation of cells with a similar immunophenotype from differentiating human PSCs revealed a population of CD166(low/neg)BMPR1B(+) putative cartilage-committed progenitors. Taken as a whole, these data define a developmental approach for the generation of highly purified functional human chondrocytes from PSCs that could enable substantial progress in cartilage tissue engineering.Fil: Wu, Ling. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados UnidosFil: Bluguermann, Carolina. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia. Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo Celular; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados UnidosFil: Kyupelyan, Levon. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados UnidosFil: Latour, Brooke. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados UnidosFil: Gonzalez, Stephanie. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados UnidosFil: Shah, Saumya. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados UnidosFil: Galic, Zoran. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados UnidosFil: Ge, Sundi. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados UnidosFil: Zhu, Yuhua. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados UnidosFil: Petrigliano, Frank A.. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados UnidosFil: Nsair, Ali. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados UnidosFil: Miriuka, Santiago Gabriel. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia. Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo Celular; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Li, Xinmin. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados UnidosFil: Lyons, Karen M.. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados UnidosFil: Crooks, Gay M.. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados UnidosFil: McAllister, David R.. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados UnidosFil: Van Handel, Ben. Novogenix Laboratories; Estados UnidosFil: Adams, John S.. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados UnidosFil: Evseenko, Denis. University of California at Los Angeles; Estados Unido

Spring wheat yield prediction with empirical regression models using different biomass parameters

Transition to smart agriculture demands tools for non-invasive monitoring of cultivated plants biomass. One of the most widespread and informative biomass indicators is leaf area index (LAI). LICOR 2200C has become de facto standard in modern ecological research for non-invasive LAI estimation. In this paper, on the example of spring wheat crops of the RSAU-MTAA experimental field, the efficiency of yield and biomass parameters prediction using data from AccuPAR LP-80 and LI-COR LAI 2200C was compared. LAI data from both devices obtained at different phenological phases of spring wheat were used as predictor for spring wheat yield models. Comparing the generated models show superiority of AccuPAR LP-80 in yield prediction while LI-COR LAI 2200C shown better result in overall biomass prediction

Experimental infection of H5N1 HPAI in BALB/c mice

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens

Evaluation of pharmacological efficiency of Omacor in patients with coronary heart disease with hyperlipidemia in combination with rhythm disorders

The article discusses the treatment of patients with coronary heart disease with hyperlipidemia and extrasystole omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omacor), which have both antiarrhythmic effects and normalize lipid metabolism, preventing the development of atherosclerosis. As a result of the study, positive changes were detected in the lipoprotein spectrum of blood plasma during pharmacotherapy with omacor, in particular the hypotriglyceridemic effect in combination with a significant increase in the level of high-density lipoproteins. There was also a decrease in the incidence of episodes of both ventricular and supraventricular extrasystole, which made it possible to use omacor in patients with coronary heart disease with post-infarction cardiosclerosis in combination with clinically significant extrasystole. The significant hypolidemic effect of omacor, as well as its antiarrhythmic effect on the severity of ventricular and supraventricular extrasystoles make its use for the correction of type IIB and type IV hyperlipidemia in combination with arrhythmias the most justified.В статье рассмотрены вопросы лечения больных ИБС с гиперлипидемией и экстрасистолией омега-3 полиненасыщенными жирными кислотами (омакор), обладающими как антиаритмическим действием, так и нормализующими липидный обмен, осуществляя профилактику развития атеросклероза. В результате проведённого исследования были выявлены положительные изменения в липопротеиновом спектре плазмы крови при фармакотерапии омакором, в частности гипотриглицеридемический эффект в сочетании с достоверным повышением уровня липопротеидов высокой плотности. Также было отмечено снижение частоты возникновения эпизодов как желудочковой, так и наджелудочковой экстрасистолии, что обусловило возможность применения омакора у больных ишемической болезнью сердца с постинфарктным кардиосклерозом в сочетании с клинически значимой экстрасистолией. Значимые гиполидемический и антиаритмический эффекты омакора делают его применение для коррекции IIБ и IV типа гиперлипидемии в сочетании с аритмиями наиболее оправданным