Diseño geotécnico de jarillones

Actualmente Colombia requiere de criterios para el diseño geotécnico de jarillones, estructuras que son usadas para la contención de agua y prevención de inundaciones. La forma en que se presentan las inundaciones y las características de las mismas no son iguales en todas las zonas del país. Debido a esto se requiere generar una serie de criterios para estos diseños con base en experiencias vividas en los últimos años del país. Es por eso que a través de herramientas de modelación tales como Hydrus 2.0 y SLIDE 5.0 se desarrollaron ciertos escenarios en los cuales se simularon diversos tipos de jarillones con el fin de obtener criterios geotécnicos para el diseño de jarillones.Colombia presently requires geotechnical design criteria for levees, structures that are used for water containment and flood prevention. The ways in which floods and their characteristics are presented are not equal in all areas. Because it is necessary to generate a set of criteria for these designs based on experiences in recent years in the country. That's why through modeling tools such as Hydrus 2.0 and SLIDE 5.0 certain scenarios in which different types of dikes in order to obtain geotechnical design criteria for levees were simulated were developed.Ingeniero (a) CivilPregrad

Diagramas de factorización interactivos

Este proyecto tiene como objetivo elaborar una aplicación Android para la visualización interactiva de la descomposición factorial de números enteros. De esta manera, la aplicación permite navegar dentro de un rango de números enteros y a su vez mostrar todas las descomposiciones posibles de dichos números, construyendo un sistema recursivo de engranajes. El resultado de este proyecto es una herramienta didáctica para facilitar el aprendizaje de la descomposición factorial de un número entero. Para su implementación se ha utilizado el entorno de desarrollo integrado Android Studio y el lenguaje de programación Kotlin. Las principales tecnologías Android utilizadas en el desarrollo de la aplicación: Gesture Detector y Canvas.This project aims to develop an Android application for visualizing interactive factorial decomposition of integers. In this way, the application allows you to navigate within a range of integers and display all possible decompositions of said numbers, building a recursive system of gears. The result of this project is a didactic tool which eases the learning of factorial decomposition of an integer. For its implementation, it has been used the Android Studio Integrated Development Environment and Kotlin programming language. The main Android technologies used during the development of the application were: Gesture Detector and Canva

Structural and Electromagnetic Signatures of Anatase and Rutile NTs and Sheets in Three Different Water Models under Different Temperature Conditions

[Abstract] Experimental studies of TiO2 nanotubes have been conducted for nearly three decades and have revealed the remarkable advantages of this material. Research based on computer simulations is much rarer, with research using density functional theory (DFT) being the most significant in this field. It should be noted, however, that this approach has significant limitations when studying the macroscopic properties of nanostructures such as nanosheets and nanotubes. An alternative with great potential has emerged: classical molecular dynamics simulations (MD). MD Simulations offer the possibility to study macroscopic properties such as the density of phonon states (PDOS), power spectra, infrared spectrum, water absorption and others. From this point of view, the present study focuses on the distinction between the phases of anatase and rutile TiO2. The LAMMPS package is used to study both the structural properties by applying the radial distribution function (RDF) and the electromagnetic properties of these phases. Our efforts are focused on exploring the effect of temperature on the vibrational properties of TiO2 anatase nanotubes and an in-depth analysis of how the phononic softening phenomenon affects TiO2 nanostructures to improve the fundamental understanding in different dimensions and morphological configurations. A careful evaluation of the stability of TiO2 nanolamines and nanotubes at different temperatures is performed, as well as the adsorption of water on the nanosurface of TiO2, using three different water models.Financial support from the seed grant “Computational modeling of biomaterials and applications to bioengineering and classical and quantum machine learning for predicting social engineering (2022–2026, code: INV-0014-03-011)”, Universidad Indoamérica, Ecuador, awarded to S.P.T.Ecuador. Universidad Indoamérica; INV-0014-03-01

Optimization of code caves in malware binaries to evade machine learning detectors

Machine Learning (ML) techniques, especially Artificial Neural Networks, have been widely adopted as a tool for malware detection due to their high accuracy when classifying programs as benign or malicious. However, these techniques are vulnerable to Adversarial Examples (AEs), i.e., carefully crafted samples designed by an attacker to be misclassified by the target model. In this work, we propose a general method to produce AEs from existing malware, which is useful to increase the robustness of ML-based models. Our method dynamically introduces unused blocks (caves) in malware binaries, preserving their original functionality. Then, by using optimization techniques based on Genetic Algorithms, we determine the most adequate content to place in such code caves to achieve misclassification. We evaluate our model in a black-box setting with a well-known state-of-the-art architecture (MalConv), resulting in a successful evasion rate of 97.99 % from the 2k tested malware samples. Additionally, we successfully test the transferability of our proposal to commercial AV engines available at VirusTotal, showing a reduction in the detection rate for the crafted AEs. Finally, the obtained AEs are used to retrain the ML-based malware detector previously evaluated, showing an improve on its robustness.This research was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Grant Refs. PGC2018-095322-B-C22 and PID2019-111429RB-C21), by the Region of Madrid grant CYNAMON- CM (P2018/TCS-4566), co-financed by European Structural Funds ESF and FEDER, and the Excellence Program EPUC3M17

Evaluación de la adaptabilidad de tres especies de cachama: negra (colossoma macropomum), blanca (piaractus brachypomus), e híbrida (colossoma x piaractus), en la comunidad de San Pedro, cantón Ibarra, provincia de Imbabura

Evaluar la adaptación de la cachama negra, blanca e híbrida a las condiciones de la zona tropical, en la comunidad San Pedro, cantón Ibarra, provincia de Imbabura.El proyecto se enfoca en demostrar la adaptación de la especie cachama, que son de origen amazónico, a una región templada dando alternativas de producción en la zona 1 del país, con el fin de fomentar el aprovechamiento de los recursos naturales. El trabajo se basa en el estudio de los proceso de adaptabilidad en la provincia de Imbabura como una herramienta de información a los pequeños y medianos productores, dando conocimiento acerca de las técnicas piscícolas, con un enfoque práctico y sencillo a través del ensayo realizado. Se desarrolló en la piscícola “TILAPIA SAN PEDRO”, ubicada en la comunidad de San Pedro de la ciudad de Ibarra provincia de Imbabura, son mono productores, lo que promueve la evaluación de adaptabilidad de tres especies de cachama. La evaluación consiste en la indagación de las especies de cachama, aplicando un sistema de invernadero tipo túnel, para mantener una temperatura constante en la piscina, a bajo costo de inversión. Además, aprovechando los recursos ambientales he hídricos disponibles en la comunidad, lo que permite valorar lo importante y beneficioso que es la alternativa de adaptación

Sistema de movimiento giratorio y selección de cuatro extrusores para una impresora 3D

Implementar un sistema de movimiento giratorio y selección de cuatro extrusores para una impresora 3D.En este proyecto de tesis se presenta un sistema multiextrusor para una impresora 3D, el cual a través de su movimiento giratorio permite la selección de 4 cabezales extrusores, permitiendo trabajar con un solo cabezal a la vez, evitando que los demás cabezales extrusores interrumpan el proceso de impresión. Este sistema al ser desmontable y liviano se acopla fácilmente al sistema de generación de movimiento en los ejes X, Y, Z, de la impresora 3D, y que gracias a su resolución, se obtiene excelentes calidades de impresión, llegando a imprimir en más de un solo color y/o material. Con el sistema multiextrusor se puede trabajar con varios tipos de materiales, logrando robustez utilizando filamentos de tipo ABS, PLA, Fibra de carbono, u obteniendo flexibilidad gracias al TPU

Producción colectiva de saberes: ¿sólo ciencia(s) y tecnología(s)

La presente edición de la revista  Polis tiene como tema central la(s) ciencia(s), la(s) tecnología(s) y la producción colectiva de saber(es). El desarrollo científico en nuestros países, llegados tardíamente a la revolución industrial, de frustrada y asimétrica industrialización, es claramente insuficiente y aún no han logrado incorporarse a la nueva revolución científico-tecnológica. Simultáneamente, nuestras sociedades se encuentran en un proceso de profundas transformaciones en su sistema..

Interdisciplinary Approaches to Cultural Studies: Methods and Challenges

[Abstract] As stated by Tonny Bennett in an attempt to define the domain of cultural studies, “work in cultural studies is characterised by an interdisciplinary concern with the cultural practices and institutions in the contexts of relations of power of different kinds [...] Cultural studies supplies an intellectual field in which perspectives from different disciplines might (selectively) be drawn on in examining particular relations of culture and power” (1998: 27). Cultural studies has thus taken shape as an interdisciplinary field of enquiry drawing upon perspectives from different disciplines for its own purposes. In fact, the question of“its disciplinary and intertextual affinities and antagonism (e.g. with literary practices, sociology, mass communications, ethnography, etc.)” (Jordan, 2000: 99) has become central to contemporary debates on the epistemological status of cultural studies. As Chris Barker puts it, “clarifying the boundaries of cultural studies as a coherent and unified discipline with clear-cult substantive topics, concepts and methods which differentiate it from other discipline remains difficult. Cultural studies is, and has always been, a multi- and post-disciplinary field of enquiry which blurs the boundaries between itself and other subjects” (2004: 42). Recent work in cultural studies accordingly incorporates approaches from a wide range of disciplines including ―but not being limited to― sociology, history, literary criticism, anthropology, linguistics, media and communication studies, etc. Assuming the consolidated status of cultural studies as a discipline, this round table will address the multiplicity of analytical methods within the field, so that some of the issues interrogated will be as follows: Which are the methodological implications of the inter- and postdisciplinary character of cultural studies? Which major challenges do cultural studies nee

Future challenges and critical approach to metrology in patients with axial spondyloarthritis

Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a rheumatic inflammatory chronic disease that mainly affects the spine, producing inflammation and structural damage at the vertebral level (erosions, syndesmophytes, and bony bridges). This leads to a reduction of mobility in axSpA patients [1] that requires assessment by rheumatologists to closely monitor patients and analyse the efficacy of prescribed treatments. Several tools are used for the evaluation of these patients [2]; thus, self-assessed patient report outcomes (PRO) questionnairesmay be completed by the patient to evaluate function (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index—BASFI), whereas other toolsmonitor disease activity (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index—BASDAI) and the patient’s quality of life (Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society Health Index—ASAS-HI), among others. In addition, other indexes are used to analyse radiographic structural damage (modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score—mSASSS) and activity indexes based on blood tests (Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score—ASDAS)

Múltiplas substituições em domínios biologicamente ativos da glicoproteína do vírus rábico podem estar relacionadas com o perfil patogênico

Pathogenic profile of a rabies virus isolated from an insectivorous bat Lasiurus ega was compared with a rabies fixed virus strain (CVS/32) in hamster and mouse. Incubation and clinical periods, clinical manifestation and death rates were compared. Challenge of hamsters with L. ega was performed using: 10 2,611-4,021 LD50 /0,05 mL;. For CVS were used 10 3,7- 4,7 LD50 /0,05 mL. Were tested intramuscular (IM), intradermal (ID), intranasal (IN), epidermal abrasion (EA) inoculation routes. Viral antigen in brains was confirmed by Direct Immunofluorescence Test. Mortality percentages observed with L. ega rabies virus isolate were the following in hamster: 3,5 % IM, 10,710% IN; in mice: 50.0% IM, 30.0% IN. Furious rabies was predominant. Mortality percentages observed with CVS/32 in hamster: 12.5% IM, 62.5% ID, 12.5% IN; in mice 100.0% IM, 70.0% ID, 10.0% IN. Paralytic rabies was found with this strain in both animal models. Epidermic abrasion was not a suitable challenge route. Incubation period was 5-7 days for CVS and 11-16 days for L. ega isolate, meanwhile clinical periods were comprehended between 47 days for both viruses. Several substitutions were detected at antigenic domains of glycoprotein: AI (position 231), AII (3442 and 198-200), domain of fusion dependent on low pH (102179), transmembrane domain (440461) and residue 242. These viruses showed contrasting biological behaviors that can be linked to those substitutions at antigenic domains previously described.O perfil patogênico de um vírus da raiva isolado de um morcego insetívoro Lasiurus ega foi comparado com o de vírus fixo de raiva (CVS/32) em hamster e camundongo, determinando os períodos de incubação e clínico, manifestação clínica e mortalidade. Os animais foram desafiados com 10 2,611-4,021 DL50 /0,05 mL do isolado de L. ega e 10 3,7- 4,7 LD50 /0,05 mL do CVS/32, usando as vias: intramuscular (IM), intradermica (ID), intranasal (IN) e abrasão epidermica (AE). A presença do antígeno viral foi confirmada pela prova de imunofluorescência direta. As porcentagens de mortalidade observadas com o isolado de L. ega foram as seguintes em hamster: 3,5% IM, 10,71% IN; em camundongo: 50.0% IM, 30.0% IN. A forma furiosa da doença foi predominante. As porcentagens de mortalidade observadas com o vírus CVS/32 em hamster foram as seguintes: 12.5% IM, 62.5% ID, 12.5% IN; em camundongo 100.0% IM, 70.0% ID, 10.0% IN. Com este vírus foi observada raiva paralitica. A via AE mostrou-se inadequada para induzir doença. O período de incubação foi de 57 dias para o CVS/32 e 11-16 dias para o isolado de L. ega, entre tanto os períodos clínicos oscilaram entre 47 dias para ambos os vírus. Varias substituições foram achadas em domínios antigênicos da glicoproteína: AI (posição 231), AII (34 42 e 198-200), domínio de fusão dependente de baixo pH (102179), domínio da transmembrana (440461) e resíduo 242. Esses vírus mostraram comportamentos biológicos distintos o que poderia estar ligados às substituições nos domínios antigênicos anteriormente descritos