Antibiotic susceptibility of Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus Vaginal Isolates

Koagülaz negatif stafilokoklar insan deri ve mukoz membranların florasında yer alan fırsatçı patojenlerdir. Hastane enfeksiyonlarının önemli etkenleri arasındadır. Çalışmada koagülaz negatif Staphylococcus vajen izolatları kullanılmıştır. İzolatlar, aerobik koşullarda, 37 °C ’de 24 saat inkübasyona bırakılmıştır. Duyarlılık tespiti için disk difüzyon yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Besiyerinde 37 °C ’de 24 saat geliştirilmiş olan Staphylococcus izolatları Mc Farland 0,5 (108 kob/mL) şeklinde ayarlanmış besiyerine ekilmiştir. Çalışmada, trimetoprim + sülfametoksazol, gentamisin, eritromisin, sefoksitin, siprofloksasin, penisilin G, klindamisin ve linezolid antibiyotikleri incelenmiştir. İzolatların en az penisilin G’ye en fazla ise trimetoprim + sülfametoksazole duyarlılık gösterdiği bulunmuştur. İzolatlardan tamamı trimetoprim + sülfametoksazole duyarlıdır. Sadece iki izolatın penisilin G’ye duyarlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bunların dışında 26 izolatın linezolide, 23 izolatın siprofloksasine, 22 izolatın gentamisine ve 21 izolatın eritromisine duyarlı oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Literatürde özellikle vajen Koagülaz negatif stafilokok izolatlarının antibiyotik duyarlılıkları üzerine çok fazla çalışma yer almamaktadır. Ülkemizde de bu konuda bir çalışmaya rastlanılmamıştır. Bu sebeple, yapılan çalışma literatüre katkı sağlayacaktır.Coagulase-negative staphylococci are opportunistic pathogens found in the flora of human skin and mucous membranes. It is among the important factors of hospital infections. Vaginal isolates of coagulase negative Staphylococcus were used in the study. The isolates were incubated for 24 hours at 37 °C under aerobic conditions. Disk diffusion method was used for sensitivity determination. Staphylococcus isolates grown in the medium at 37 °C for 24 hours were inoculated into the medium adjusted as Mc Farland 0.5 (108 cfu/mL). In the study, antibiotics trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin, erythromycin, cefoxitin, ciprofloxacin, penicillin G, clindamycin and linezolid were examined. It was found that the isolates showed the least sensitivity to penicillin G and the most sensitivity to trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole. All isolates are sensitive to trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole. Only two isolates were found to be susceptible to penicillin G. Apart from these, it was determined that 26 isolates were sensitive to linezolide, 23 isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, 22 isolates were sensitive to gentamicin and 21 isolates were sensitive to erythromycin. In the literature, there are not many studies on the antibiotic susceptibility of especially vaginal Coagulase negative staphylococcal isolates. There is no study on this subject in our country. For this reason, the study will contribute to the literature

Cytotoxic effects of various lactic acid bacteria on Caco-2 cells

Probiotics are live microbial food supplements that can be considered a functional food. They benefit the health of a host animal by maintaining their intestinal microbial balance. Most probiotic microorganisms are lactic acid bacteria (LAB) such as Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., and Enterococcus spp. LAB have been reported to possess certain anticancer properties. The vast majority of studies on their anticancer effects have dealt with colorectal cancers, although there have also been some studies on breast and bladder cancers. Colon cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the antiproliferative effects of the cell-free filtrate and the cell-free lyophilized filtrate of 3 LAB (Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Weissella confusa) on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2. The filtrates were found to inhibit the growth of colon cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner as detected by the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, suggesting that these strains might have use as probiotics in functional food or for colon cancer treatment. There are no other studies related to the anticancer activities of W. confusa in the literature

Identifying probiotic characteristics of Lactobacillus crispatus isolated from the vagina

Lactobacilli prevent overproduction of pathogenic microorganisms and contribute protecting vaginal microbiota. Many probiotic microorganisms are categorized as Lactic Acid Bacteria. In this study, it was aimed identifying probiotic characteristics of Lactobacillus crispatus isolated from the vagina of a healthy woman. For this purpose, lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide and proteolytic activity quantities and auto-aggregation, co-aggregation and hydrophobicity abilities of Lactobacillus crispatus, which has been isolated and identified by 16s rRNA sequence analysis, were determined. Additionally, bile salt and acid resistance, along with antibiotic susceptibility of Lactobacillus crispatus were analyzed by the end of 3 hours. Lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide and proteolytic activity quantities of Lactobacillus crispatus were measured 2.275%, 0.334±0.075 µg/mL and 2.131±0,000 mg/mL respectively. The findings include existence of co-aggregation and auto-aggregation ability, but not hydrophobicity. By the end of 3 hours, the viability was preserved in 0.1% and 0.3% bile salt medium and, at pH 3. L. crispatus exhibited resistance to methicillin, metronidazole, oxacillin, and sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim, but the bacteria exhibited susceptibility to tested the other antibiotics. This study will make an important contribution to the literature about probiotic characteristics of L. crispatus and our strain isolated from the vagina might be considered as a candidate probiotic

Biofilm formation of Candida Spp. isolated from the vagina and antibiofilm activities of lactic acid bacteria on the these Candida Isolates

Background: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of bacterial cells and cell-free filtrates of Lactobacillus acidophilus 8MR7 and Lactobacillus paracasei subspecies paracasei 10MR8 on the biofilm formation of 3 Candida tropicalis , 3 C. glabrata and 12 C. albicans isolated from the vagina and identified their virulence factors. Methods: Haemolytic activities esterase activities, and phospholipase activities as virulence factors of Candida strains were determined. Biofilm formations of these isolates were determined by Congo Red agar and microtitration plate method. Antibiofilm activities of bacterial cells and cell-free filtrates of L. acidophilus 8MR7 and L. paracasei subspecies paracasei 10MR8 on Candida isolates were determined by the microtitration plate method. Results: Bacterial cells of L. acidophilus 8MR7 and L. paracasei subspecies paracasei 10MR8 were not very effective in the inhibition of biofilm, whereas it has been observed that the cell-free filtrates of these bacteria inhibit the formation of biofilms of Candida strains. Although the main mechanism for inhibiting the formation of Candida spp. biofilm is the competition for adhesion, it is concluded that the substances contained in the cell-free filtrates of lactic acid bacteria are also important. Conclusion: These isolates promise hope as potential bacteria that can be used for anti-adhesion purposes in health-care materials

Design and characterization of nanocarriers loaded with Levofloxacin for enhanced antimicrobial activity; physicochemical properties, in vitro release and oral acute toxicity

Inorganic and carbon based nanomaterials are widely used against several diseases, such as cancer, autoimmune diseases as well as fungi and bacteria colonization. In this work, Santa Barbara Amorphous mesoporous silica (SBA), Halloysite Nanotubes (HNTs) and Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) were loaded with fluoroquinolone Levofloxacin (LVF) to be applied as antimicrobial agents. The prepared via adsorption nanocarriers were characterized by Fourier-Transformed Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy as well as High Pressure liquid Chromatography. In vitro release studies were carried out using Simulated Body Fluid at 37o C and data analyzed by various kinetic models showing slow dissolution over 12-24 hours. Antimicrobial studies showed improved antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis compared to neat nanomaterials. CNTs were found to be the most promising candidates for LVF delivery and they were chosen to be further studied for their acute oral toxicity and histopathological examination using C57/Black mice. Histological examination depicted that drug loading did not affect mice organs morphology as well as hepatocyte degeneration, central vein degeneration and parenchymal necrosis scores. To conclude, the prepared nanomaterials present significant characteristics and can act as antimicrobial drug carriers; CNTs found to be safe candidates when orally fed to mice

Synthesis and antimicrobial activity evaluation of novel nitrofuranthiazoles

In this work, six novel 4-aryl-2-[2-((5-nitrofuran-2-yl)methylene)hydrazinyl] thiazole derivatives (2a-f) were synthesized starting from 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde diacetate by using Hantzsch thiazole synthesis. The antimicrobial activity of the title compounds were screened against five Gram positive bacteria B. cereus, E. faecalis, S. aureus, S. epidermidis, L. monocytogenes and two Gram negative bacteria E. coli and S. typhi. MIC and MBC were calculated and compared to standard drug nitrofurazone. Compounds bearing pyridine moiety (2d-e) exhibited significant antimicrobial activity which could be evaluated as new, potent antibacterial agents

Anticandidal activities of lactic acid bacteria isolated from the vagina

WOS: 000458367000054PubMed ID: 30761844Background/aim: Lactic acid bacteria prevent the overgrowth of pathogenic agents and opportunistic pathogens in the vagina. Moreover, lactic acid bacteria contribute to the preservation of vaginal microbiota by producing antimicrobial agents. Previous studies showed that some lactic acid bacteria exhibited antimicrobial activity against Candida species causing yeast vaginosis as well as many bacterial pathogens. Materials and methods: The antifungal activities of various lactic acid bacteria isolated from the vagina of healthy women on some Candida species isolated from the vagina were investigated by agar diffusion technique. Results: Most of the lactic acid bacteria that belong to the species of Lactobacillus crispatus, L. fermentum, L. acidophilus, L. paracesei subsp. paracesei, L. pentosus, and L. plantarum exhibited antifungal activity in varying ratios against C. albicans, C. glabrata, and C. tropical is strains isolated from the vagina. Conclusion: The lactic acid bacteria are useful microorganisms associated with a variety of probiotic properties. In this sense, our lactic acid bacteria isolates with high antifungal activity may be promising candidates as probiotic microorganisms in the inhibition of vaginal candidiasis, which is one of the most prevalent problems, or in the protection against candidiasis. We will continue our studies in this area.Anadolu University [1305F089/2016]This work was supported by a research grant from Anadolu University (research project 1305F089/2016). The authors would like to thank bioMerieux

Identifying probiotic characteristics of lactobacillus crispatus isolated from the vagina

Lactobacilli prevent overproduction of pathogenic microorganisms and contribute protecting vaginal microbiota. Many probiotic microorganisms are categorized as Lactic Acid Bacteria. In this study, it was aimed identifying probiotic characteristics of Lactobacillus crispatus isolated from the vagina of a healthy woman. For this purpose, lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide and proteolytic activity quantities and auto-aggregation, co-aggregation and hydrophobicity abilities of Lactobacillus crispatus, which has been isolated and identified by 16s rRNA sequence analysis, were determined. Additionally, bile salt and acid resistance, along with antibiotic susceptibility of Lactobacillus crispatus were analyzed by the end of 3 hours. Lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide and proteolytic activity quantities of Lactobacillus crispatus were measured 2.275%, 0.334±0.075 µg/mL and 2.131±0,000 mg/mL respectively. The findings include existence of co-aggregation and auto-aggregation ability, but not hydrophobicity. By the end of 3 hours, the viability was preserved in 0.1% and 0.3% bile salt medium and, at pH 3. L. crispatus exhibited resistance to methicillin, metronidazole, oxacillin, and sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim, but the bacteria exhibited susceptibility to tested the other antibiotics. This study will make an important contribution to the literature about probiotic characteristics of L. crispatus and our strain isolated from the vagina might be considered as a candidate probiotic.Anadolu of Universit

Formulation of microemulsions for dermal delivery of Cephalexin

Introduction: Cephalexin monohydrate (CEM) is mostly used because of its activity against both the gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms for infections. Microemulsions offer numerous advantages for dermal delivery of drugs. Objective: The objective of the present study was to prepare novel CEM loaded microemulsions and to characterize formulations, to evaluate their in vitro release profiles and antibacterial activities. Method: CEM loaded formulations [0.02% (w/w)] were characterized according to their droplet size, zeta potential, PDI, pH, electrical conductivity and viscosity. In addition, in vitro drug release studies and antibacterial activity tests were performed. Results: The developed CEM loaded microemulsions (M1 and M2) achieved narrow droplet size distribution (152.75±4.85 and 128.05±9.22), low PDI (0.364±0.05 and 0.489±0.06), suitable pH (5.28-4.84) and conductivity (342±4.472-374±5.477 µS/cm). Zeta potential was measured as 0.209±0.041 and 0.141±0.024 mV. M1CEM showed 100% release at the 7th hour and was provided almost the same zone diameter as CEM solution when evaluated for antibacterial activity. Conclusion: Overall, it was concluded that microemulsions might be beneficial in improving dermal delivery of CEM for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections

Cytotoxic effects of Weissella confusa on human colon adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2 cells)

36th FEBS Congress of the Biochemistry for Tomorrows Medicine -- JUN 25-30, 2011 -- Torino, ITALYWOS: 000292333101296…Federat Soc Biochem & Mol Bio