The Role of Alginate as Polymeric Material in Treatment of Tannery Wastewater

ABSTRACT This paper determines the use of alginate to prepare metal sorbing beads. Their metal binding properties were investigated with respect to toxic constituents present in tannery wastewater from chromium stage Elmontaza Tannery, Ain El Sira, Cairo, Egypt. Their behavior in batch experiments for the remediation process was studied for two hours of contacts in acidic medium. Alginate was found to be a promising material for simultaneous removal of heavy metal ions and toxic organics pollutants. Results obtained adsorption efficiencies for chromium (43.5 %), cadmium (51.6 %), copper (67.4%), lead (57.8%), nickel (73.02%), iron (51.02%) and manganese ions (74.8%). Also, Results showed decrease in color absorbance and organic loads from tannery wastewater; TDS (44.6 %), salinity (39.9 %), COD (64.3 %), BOD (61.1 %), ammonia nitrogen (78.6 %), nitrate (75.5 %) and phosphorous (55.8 %). The availability of recycling of Ca-alginate beads was also studied for three subsequent cycles. SEM examination and FT-IR technique were also studied

Performance of Sorghum Recombinant Inbred Lines (RIL) developed for rain-fed areas of Sudan

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) is the most widely produced and consumed cereal crop in Sudan. However, productivity is low since the crop is produced in favorable and unfavorable environments where the crop suffers from drought stresses at different growth stages. In the present study, six sorghum inbred lines developed by local breeding program and two commercial checks were evaluated for grain yield potential, yield stability, some important agronomic characters and grain quality properties. Series variety trials were conducted at Elobeid and Suki, Damazin areas of Sudan, during three consecutive rainy seasons. The selected locations represent low, medium and high rainfall areas of Sudan. The trial was laid out in a randomized complete block design. The results revealed that mean squares of genotypes, seasons, locations, location x season, location x genotypes, season x genotypes and season x location x genotype interactions were highly significant (P=0.01) for grain yield. The sorghum genotypes Edo 34-23-4, Edo 26-18 and Edo 16-dwarf produced substantially higher grain yields than commercial checks and the trial mean. Their percentage yield increase ranged from 5% to 75% over commercial checks. The stability analysis revealed that the above mentioned Edo-genotypes had high yield potentials and were stable across a wide range of agricultural conditions. Moreover, the same Edo-lines showed early maturing compared to selected commercial checks and also the Edo-lines possessed good food grains and were market preferred and acceptable for making quality kisra (fermented sorghum pancake-like flatbread). The Edo developed lines also possess the acceptable grain quality in addition to moderate physical grain characteristics such as protein content, fat acidity and moisture content

Utilizing aluminum etching wastewater for tannery wastewater coagulation: performance and feasibility

2nd International Conference on Recycling and Reuse -- JUN 04-06, 2014 -- Istanbul, TURKEYThe main objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of utilizing etching wastewater (EW) of aluminum (Al) coating industry as an alum substitute in industrial wastewater treatment. Our hypothesis was that Al-rich EW could be an effective substitute for commercial liquid alum used in a nearby (<10km) tannery wastewater treatment plant (Corlu, Turkey). Bench-scale alum and EW jar tests along with an economic analysis were performed to test this hypothesis. Jar test results conducted using identical pH and Al doses showed that Al-rich EW performed similar to alum in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), and turbidity removal. Regardless of its origin (alum or EW), 1 g of Al approximately removed 30g COD and 20g SS via a combined effect of coagulation and plain settling. Commercial alum and EW removed more than 95% of COD and turbidity; 60% of total COD from the tannery wastewater. Preliminary cost analysis showed that coagulant expenditure could be reduced by 40% if alum was substituted with EW.Namik Kemal UniversityNamik Kemal UniversityThe authors would like to thank Namik Kemal University for technical assistance and financial support for this research project. We would like to thank three anonymous reviewers for their invaluable comments, which improved an earlier version of the manuscript