Association between Sarcopenia and Reduced Bone Mass: Is Osteosarcopenic Obesity a New Phenotype to Consider in Weight Management Settings?

Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a frequent phenotype in people with obesity; however, it is unclear whether this links with an impaired bone status. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between SO and low bone mass, and to assess the prevalence of a new entity that combines excessive fat deposition, reduced muscle mass and strength, and low bone mass defined as osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO). Body composition was completed by a DXA scan in 2604 participants with obesity that were categorized as with or without SO, and with low or normal bone mineral content (BMC). Participants with both SO and low BMC were defined as OSO. Among the entire sample, 901 (34.6%) participants met the criteria for SO. This group showed a reduced mean BMC (2.56 ± 0.46 vs. 2.85 ± 0.57, p < 0.01) and displayed a higher prevalence of individuals with low BMC with respect to those without SO (47.3% vs. 25.9%, p < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of SO increases the odds of having low BMC by 92% [OR = 1.92; 95% CI: (1.60–2.31), p < 0.05] after adjusting for age, body weight, and body fat percentage. Finally, 426 (16.4%) out of the total sample were affected by OSO. Our findings revealed a strong association between SO and reduced bone mass in adults with obesity, and this introduces a new phenotype that combines body fat, muscle, and bone (i.e., OSO) and appears to affect 16% of this population

Early immunopathological diagnosis of ichthyosis with confetti in two sporadic cases with new mutations in keratin 10.

Ichthyosis with confetti (IC) is a severe non-syndromic ichthyosis due to heterozygous mutations in the KRT10 gene. The disease manifests at birth with erythroderma and scaling and is characterised by the gradual development of numerous confetti-like spots of normal skin. Diagnosis of IC is frequently delayed until adolescence or even adulthood. We report 2 young children who were first diagnosed as having congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma. However, the development of thick, confluent hyperkeratotic plaques together with the histopathological finding of keratinocyte vacuolisation in the suprabasal epidermis evoked IC. Immunofluorescence analysis showed a highly reduced keratin 10 expression within the cytoplasm of suprabasal keratinocytes and its characteristic mislocalisation to the nuclei. The diagnosis was confirmed by the identification of 2 previously unreported mutations in intron 6 and exon 7 of KRT10. Careful clinical examination then showed the presence of the first spots of normal skin in both patients at the age of 2.5 and 5 years, respectively. These cases point to the usefulness of immunofluorescence analysis of keratin 10 expression for an early diagnosis of IC

¿Cómo abordan los medios la educación en el Perú?

El proyecto Fortalecimiento de la Gestión de la Educación en el Perú - FORGE, implementado por el Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo – GRADE con el apoyo del Gobierno de Canadá, desarrolló en el año 2016 cuatro balances de la cobertura que los medios de comunicación hacen sobre temas educativos, particularmente en Educación Intercultural Bilingüe, Gestión Educativa Descentralizada, Participación privada en educación y Género. La realización de estos balances tuvo como objetivo analizar el tratamiento que brindan los medios de comunicación a los temas antes mencionados y que este análisis sirva a comunicadores en la mejora de su comprensión de la realidad educativa y en el diseño de nuevas estrategias de cobertura y presentación de información tomando en cuenta criterios de equidad, interculturalidad y género. Además, estos insumos y su discusión sirven para sensibilizar, visibilizar y colocar en agenda de las autoridades, sociedad civil, académicos y público en general los temas educativos. Para realizar dichos balances, el proyecto FORGE solicitó a la empresa Noticias Perú realizar un monitoreo de medios mensual sobre noticias en educación. En el año 2015, se levantaron 5748 noticias sobre temas educativos, que representan el 0.46% de las noticias que se publican en los medios de comunicación, ya que el total de estas asciende a un aproximado de 1 millón 247 mil 806 noticias

¿Cómo abordan los medios la educación en el Perú?

El proyecto Fortalecimiento de la Gestión de la Educación en el Perú - FORGE, implementado por el Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo – GRADE con el apoyo del Gobierno de Canadá, desarrolló en el año 2016 cuatro balances de la cobertura que los medios de comunicación hacen sobre temas educativos, particularmente en Educación Intercultural Bilingüe, Gestión Educativa Descentralizada, Participación privada en educación y Género. La realización de estos balances tuvo como objetivo analizar el tratamiento que brindan los medios de comunicación a los temas antes mencionados y que este análisis sirva a comunicadores en la mejora de su comprensión de la realidad educativa y en el diseño de nuevas estrategias de cobertura y presentación de información tomando en cuenta criterios de equidad, interculturalidad y género. Además, estos insumos y su discusión sirven para sensibilizar, visibilizar y colocar en agenda de las autoridades, sociedad civil, académicos y público en general los temas educativos. Para realizar dichos balances, el proyecto FORGE solicitó a la empresa Noticias Perú realizar un monitoreo de medios mensual sobre noticias en educación. En el año 2015, se levantaron 5748 noticias sobre temas educativos, que representan el 0.46% de las noticias que se publican en los medios de comunicación, ya que el total de estas asciende a un aproximado de 1 millón 247 mil 806 noticias

Cartilla técnica de mejoramiento genético

Esta cartilla fue elaborada bajo la asesoría pedagógica del Instituto de Capacitación para el Trabajo I.C.T. (Tomado de la fuente

The predictive and prognostic potential of plasma telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) RNA in rectal cancer patients

Background: Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by surgery is the standard care for locally advanced rectal cancer, but tumour response to CRT and disease outcome are variable. The current study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of plasma telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) levels in predicting tumour response and clinical outcome. Methods: 176 rectal cancer patients were included. Plasma samples were collected at baseline (before CRT\ubcT0), 2 weeks after CRT was initiated (T1), post-CRT and before surgery (T2), and 4\u20138 months after surgery (T3) time points. Plasma TERT mRNA levels and total cell-free RNA were determined using real-time PCR. Results: Plasma levels of TERT were significantly lower at T2 (Po0.0001) in responders than in non-responders. Post-CRT TERT levels and the differences between pre- and post-CRT TERT levels independently predicted tumour response, and the prediction model had an area under curve of 0.80 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.73\u20130.87). Multiple analysis demonstrated that patients with detectable TERT levels at T2 and T3 time points had a risk of disease progression 2.13 (95% CI 1.10\u20134.11)-fold and 4.55 (95% CI 1.48\u201313.95)-fold higher, respectively, than those with undetectable plasma TERT levels. Conclusions: Plasma TERT levels are independent markers of tumour response and are prognostic of disease progression in rectal cancer patients who undergo neoadjuvant therapy

Manual de buenas prácticas pecuarias en la producción primaria en ovinos de carne y caprinos de leche en estabulación

Esta cartilla fue elaborada bajo la asesoría pedagógica del Instituto de Capacitación para el Trabajo I.C.T. (Tomado de la fuente

Determinants of acquisition and clearance of human papillomavirus infection in previously unexposed young women

Background Global variation in human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and persistence may be explained by differences in risk factors, such as sexual activity, oral contraceptive use, and behavioral factors. We evaluated determinants of acquisition and clearance of HPV infection among young women previously unexposed to HPV. Methods Five hundred thirty-four women aged 15 to 25 years who were cytology and HPV DNA negative, and seronegative for anti-HPV-16/18 antibodies, were recruited (July 2000–September 2001) from study centers in Brazil, the United States, and Canada (NCT00689741/NCT00120848). They were followed up for 76 months. Cervical samples were HPV genotyped via polymerase chain reaction. We used multivariable (forward stepwise, P = 0.15) Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), separately according to length of follow-up time. Results On short-term follow-up (0–27 months), 257 (48%; 8535.80 person-months; incidence rate = 30.11; 95% CI, 26.64–34.02) incident HPV infections were detected. Marital status, lifetime number of sex partners, history of any sexually transmitted disease, and occasional use of oral contraceptives were strongly associated with acquisition of any HPV. Having 2 or more lifetime sex partners (RR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.37–3.02) and a history of any sexually transmitted disease (RR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.19–3.29) were the most important determinants of high-risk HPV (hrHPV) incidence. During the entire follow-up (0–76 months), an increased hrHPV clearance was found among women in North America (RR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.08–1.78) and black women (RR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.04–2.60). Greater number of lifetime partners was associated with reduced clearance rates for any HPV (RR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.43–0.98). Conclusions We identified variation in risk of HPV acquisition and clearance among women unexposed to HPV at baseline