Motivasi Filipina Melakukan Kerjasama Pertahanan dan Keamanan dengan Amerika Serikat dalam Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement (Edca) Tahun 2014

This research is the study of diplomacy and strategy analyzes about motivation Philippines conduct defense and security cooperation with the United States in the Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement (EDCA) in 2014. This research used qualitative methods which is done by explaining the case based on existing facts. The techniques used to collects data to study the case to library research in the form of journals, books, report and website. The theoretical framework applied in this research are neorealism perspective, national interest concept from Hans J. Morgenthau, nation-state analysis level and decision making theory from Richard C. Snyder. This research is motivated Philippines conduct defense and security cooperation with the United States in the Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement (EDCA) on 28th April 2014 because internal and external conditions of the Philippines confront of disputes South China Sea. The dispute dealing with one of the great strength in Asia namely Tiongkok. The Philippines considers Tiongkok military strength from year to year has increased and Tiongkok strengthening its military presence to occupy more islands the disputed Spratly Island in the Philippines. Forms of this cooperation is the Philippines offered military bases to the United States, joint military exercises, maritime patrol by the United States and modernizing the armed forces of the Philippines.Keywords: Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement (EDCA), Philippines, United States

Shaping teachers’ behavioral intentions to use DGBL: Understanding the key insights teachers garner from a research-based DGBL professional development design

This study aims to explore the key insights teachers garner from a research-based Digital Game-Based Learning (DGBL) professional development (PD) workshop and how their garnered insights shape their behavioral intentions to use DGBL in their future teaching practices. By gaining a deeper understanding of these areas, this study aims to enhance the effectiveness of professional development workshops for DGBL, and in turn, improve DGBL implementation in the classroom setting. DGBL, which integrates digital games into education, has gained attention for its potential to engage and motivate students while enhancing learning outcomes. However, limited focus on DGBL professional development has led to reluctance or informal methods of DGBL incorporation, hindering its effective implementation and widespread adoption in educational settings. The proposed qualitative study adopts an exploratory multiple case study design to gain comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon. The sample includes four teachers from a summer camp program in Florida and Georgia. Teacher reflections, researcher memos, in-depth interviews, and direct observations were analyzed to understand teachers\u27 key insights gleaned from the DGBL PD and their behavioral intentions related to DGBL implementation. The researcher used multiple rounds of coding, followed by a cross-case analysis to identify overarching themes across cases. This study’s main key findings were on the value teachers found in hands-on experience, the potential of DGBL as an instrumental tool in coding instruction, educators’ inclination to implement DGBL to teach coding selectively, and educators’ inability to see themselves integrating DGBL to teach coding into their instructional roadmap. Rather, they viewed coding using DGBL as a supplementary activity rather than an integral component of the curriculum

Ontop: answering SPARQL queries over relational databases

We present Ontop, an open-source Ontology-Based Data Access (OBDA) system that allows for querying relational data sources through a conceptual representation of the domain of interest, provided in terms of an ontology, to which the data sources are mapped. Key features of Ontop are its solid theoretical foundations, a virtual approach to OBDA, which avoids materializing triples and is implemented through the query rewriting technique, extensive optimizations exploiting all elements of the OBDA architecture, its compliance to all relevant W3C recommendations (including SPARQL queries, R2RML mappings, and OWL2QL and RDFS ontologies), and its support for all major relational databases

Barriers to Accessing Eye Care Services in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria

This study was carried out to determine the barriers to accessing eye care services in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja. Using 25 item semi-structured questionnaire, a descriptive cross sectional survey was carried out. The study population comprised 400 respondents. Data generated from the survey was analysed using SPSS 20 and was presented in tables, figures and percentages. The result from the study showed that 74.5% of the respondents were aware of the need for regular eye examination, yet they did not seek care. More males 85(55.9%) accessed eye care services than the females 67(44.1%), especially those in older age grade. Out of the 400 respondents, only 152 (38%) respondents utilized eye care services while the rest resorted to traditional methods of treatment. Utilisation significantly increased with age ( p< 0.05), while utilisation by gender showed no statistically significant difference (p> 0.05). The barriers affecting the access of eye care services as reported by respondents included; no felt need, this accounted for 153(61.7%), others were high cost of services, lack of money, non-availability of eye care services, long waiting time and reluctance to go for eye care services. Although many respondents were aware of the need for regular eye check, the utilisation was low. There should be concerted effort by the Federal Government, Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and eye care practitioners to sensitize the community on the need for regular eye checks and also establish eye clinics/centres that are affordable and accessible to the people.Key words: Barriers, access, eye care, utilisation, FC

Persepsi Pekerja tentang Keamanan Pangan (Food Safety) dalam Pembuatan Keripik Singkong di PT Kreasi Lutvi Tahun 2022

Worker's perceptions of food safety are worker’s views of the conditions and efforts needed to prevent food from possible three contaminants, namely biological, chemical and physical contamination so that food is safe for consumption and free from various health problems to respond based on experience that has been felt through the introduction stage, reasoning, and feelings towards the stimuli or messages obtained so as to produce a response. This study aims to describe workers' perceptions of food safety in the manufacture of cassava chips at PT. Lutvi's creations in 2022. This research uses a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The sampling technique used total sampling, which amounted to 68 workers. Data were obtained using perception questionnaires about food safety based on hazard analysis and hazard prevention. The results obtained from this study are workers' perceptions of food safety based on hazard analysis at the peeling, frying and sorting stages which are negative while the cutting and packaging stages are positive. The worker's perception of food safety based on hazard prevention at the peeling, cutting, frying and sorting stages is positive, while the packaging stage is negative Suggested to the leadership of PT. Lutvi's creation to replace rusty knives with stainless steel knives to peel cassava, provide knowledge and conduct training to workers on food safety and monitor who not according to company SOPs, to all workers always keep the knives used clean, clean containers used for washing and storing cassava slices regularly, changing the cooking oil used every three times for frying chips, maintaining hand hygiene by not touching other objects or scratching limbs, cleaning the spice mixing machine regularly, not eating, drinking or speak while sorting chips which allow the chips to be contaminated with splashes of saliva, and always wear PPE when working.153 HalamanSkripsi Sarjan

INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND THE STUDY OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA: THE ROLE OF NIGERIAN IMMIGRATION SERVICE

The study examines the duties of the Nigerian Immigration Service (NIS) revealing that the above mentioned agency has the capacity to initiate development and security in the nation-state describing the Nigerian state as a source and destination for migrants. The study revealed the consequences faced by the Nigerian state on International Migration (as a sending state and a receiving state). The study also shows that the agency, Nigerian Immigration Services (NIS) has various challenges, which are the reasons for the level of performance of the agency. The study tends to inform the Nigerian public on the gains and loss of international migration. This study adopts the ex-post facto research design taking the shape of a qualitative and quantitative research method as questionnaires were administered making use of the spearman’s rank correlation, results were also gotten through the chiquare calculations. Also in checking the validity of the collected data Crobach alpha statistics was adopted. The major findings of this study reveal that the Nigerian Immigration Service (NIS) has some challenges and these challenges hinders the success of this agency in bringing socio-economic development into the Nigerian State . However, for Nigeria to benefit profitably from International Migration, the Nigerian Immigration Service (NIS) has to be efficient in her duties and also needs the cooperation of the Nigerian federal government (FG), as it relates to socio-economic development and security function

Direction Specific Analysis of Psychoacoustics Parameters inside Car Cockpit: A Novel Tool for NVH and Sound Quality

Psychoacoustics parameters are widely employed in automotive field for objective evaluation of Sound Quality (SQ) of vehicle cabins and their components. The standard approach relies on binaural recordings from which numerical values and curves are calculated. In addition, head-locked binaural listening playback can be performed. The Virtual Reality (VR) technology recently started to diffuse also in automotive field, bringing new possibilities for enhanced and immersive listening sessions, thanks to the usage of massive microphone arrays instead of binaural microphones. In this paper, we combine both solutions: the principal SQ parameters are derived from multichannel recordings. This allows computing a map of direction-dependent values of SQ parameters. The acquisition system consists in a spherical microphone array with 32 capsules and a multiple-lens camera for capturing a panoramic equirectangular background image. The audio recording is encoded into High Order Ambisonics (HOA) format for being compared with a classic omnidirectional microphone and into Spatial PCM Sampling (SPS) format for producing 360° equirectangular color maps. The SPS encoding is used to plot over the background image the distribution of SPL values in dB (A) and of the SQ parameters: by adding to them the directional information, it results into a novel 360° diagnostic tool for localizing the most annoying sources. Furthermore, the playback of the HOA soundtrack can be performed both on a loudspeaker rig inside an Ambisonics listening room or on binaural headphones attached to a Head Mounted Display (HMD), benefiting from head-tracking and personalized Head Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs), allowing to make quick subjective evaluations with a degree of realism unattainable with the older static binaural approach

Búsqueda del gen supresor de tumores implicado en meduloblastoma.

RESUMEN NTRODUCCIÓN E HIPÓTESIS DE TRABAJO: El Meduloblastoma es un tumor embrionario de localización cerebelosa y el tumor maligno del sistema nervioso central más frecuente en la infancia. Histológicamente es un tumor de células pequeñas, redondas y azules y se subdivide en tipo clásico, desmoplásico, con extensa nodularidad y de células grandes (anaplásico). La alteración más frecuentemente observada en el análisis citogenético y molecular del Meduloblastoma es la pérdida de material genético en el brazo corto del cromosoma 17 (17p) constatándose pérdidas alélicas en 17p13.3 en aproximadamente el 40% de los tumores. Ello sugiere la existencia de un gen supresor de tumores localizado en 17p implicado en la etiopatogenia del tumor. Se dispone de una serie de 16 muestras tumorales de Meduloblastoma congeladas a -80º C. En ella se había estudiado previamente la pérdida de heterocigosis (LOH) en 17p con marcadores microsatélite y delimitado una región mínima común de pérdida en 17p13.3. El propósito del presente trabajo es la identificación de un posible gen supresor de tumores implicado en Meduloblastoma mediante el estudio de expresión en mRNA por RT-PCR de cinco genes seleccionados de la región crítica (RUTBC1, PITPN, MNT, DPH1 y RILP). También se ha realizado análisis histopatológico (tipo histológico, presencia de hiperplasia vascular y necrosis tumoral), inmunohistoquímico (proteína gliofibrilar ácida (PGFA), neurofilamentos (NF), P53 y Ki 67) y revisión de datos clínicos (edad, sexo, localización, estadio, grupo de riesgo) de los casos. RESULTADOS: Dieciséis casos de Meduloblastoma pediátrico con edades entre 0 y 12 años. Once varones y cinco mujeres. Catorce casos de localización en vermis y dos en hemisferio cerebeloso. Según el estadiaje de Chang 7 casos en T2 al diagnóstico, 9 en T3, 6 en M0, 6 en M1, y 4 en M2. Grupos de riesgo; 12 riesgo estándar y 4 casos de alto riesgo. Histopatología: Catorce casos de tipo clásico y dos de tipo desmoplásico. No se han encontrado otros tipos histológicos. Se observó hiperplasia vascular en dos casos y necrosis tumoral en ocho. Estudio inmunohistoquímico: Expresión de PGFA en 68% de casos, NF en 25% y P53 sobrexpresada en 37,5%. Ki67 fue en 75% de los tumores positivo en más del 35% de núcleos tumorales. Estudio molecular: En el estudio de expresión (mRNA) por RT-PCR de los genes seleccionados se ha constatado presencia de la misma en la mayor parte de las muestras tumorales para los genes DPH1, PITPN y MNT. La expresión de RILP se encontró alterada en 80% de casos y en 50% para el gen RUTBC1, por tanto, ambos genes son considerados genes supresores candidatos. El análisis en DNA genómico por PCR semi-cuanitativa ha mostrado mayor pérdida de RILP que de RUTBC1. No se han encontrado mutaciones tras secuenciación del gen RILP en las muestras tumorales con LOH. CONCLUSIONES. Tras el análisis de los resultados se ha constatado que: Existe una relación estadísticamente significativa entre la expresión inmunohistoquímica de P53 y la necrosis tumoral. La positividad intensa para Ki67 se asocia a positividad para P53 y marcadores de agresividad histológica (necrosis tumoral, hiperplasia). Los estudios de expresión en las muestras tumorales permiten descartar a los genes DPH1, PITPN y MNT como posibles genes supresores implicados en Meduloblastoma. Los genes RILP y RUTBC1 son considerados como genes candidatos, ya que su expresión está notablemente disminuida en las muestras tumorales. No se han encontrado mutaciones en la secuenciación del gen RILP en las muestras tumorales con LOH en 17p13.3, con lo cual, muy probablemente no esté implicado en la patogenia del Meduloblastoma. __________________________________________________________________________________________________OBJECT: Medulloblastoma is an invasive embryonal cerebellar tumor and the most frequent malignant tumor of the brain in the pediatric population. Molecular genetic studies showed allelic loss of 17p13.3 in approximately 40% medulloblastomas, suggesting the existence of a tumor suppressor gene in this region involved in the pathogenesis of the tumor. The aim of this study was to identify a tumor suppressor gene by expression analysis of candidate genes in this region. METHODS: In a series of 16 fresh frozen tumor samples from pediatric medulloblastomas previously studied for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) defined a common region of loss at 17p13.3. mRNA expression was analysed by RT-PCR of the five genes selected from the critical region (RUTBC1, PITPN, MNT, DPH1, RILP). Clinicopathological and inmunohistochemical studies were also performed. RESULTS: The series included fourteen classical and two desmoplastic medulloblastoma, from patients in an age range of 0-12 years. Vascular hyperplasia occurred in two cases and tumoral necrosis in eigh. Immunohistochemical studies were positive for GFAP in 68% cases, NF in 25 % , for P53 in 37,5% and high Ki67 in 75%. Ki67 intense positivity and P53 expression, were related with tumor necrosis and vascular hyperplasia. RT-PCR analysis showed mRNA expression for DPH1, PITPN and MNT genes in most of the tumoral samples. RILP gene expression was altered in 80% cases and RUTBC1 in 50%. DNA genomic studies by semi-quantitative PCR showed more genomic loss of RILP than RUTBC1 gene. No mutation was identified by sequencing the cDNA from RILP gene in five tumoral samples with LOH. CONCLUSIONS: Expression studies allowed to discard DPH1, PITPN and MNT genes as possible tumor supressor genes implicated in medulloblastoma. RILP and RUTBC1 genes are considered as potential tumor supressor genes since their expression is remarkably decreased. However, the lack of mutations in RILP gene, suggests that it is not a suppressor gene implicated in medulloblastoma pathogenesis