Legal Protection For Policyholders Against Unlawful Acts In The Rejection Of Life Insurance Claims By Insurance Companies (A Study of Decision Number 149/PDT.G/2024/PN Mdn)

The rapid development of the insurance industry in Indonesia, with various types of insurance such as life, general, and social insurance, demonstrates the important role of insurance in mitigating life and business risks. However, public awareness of insurance is often accompanied by concerns about claim rejections by insurance companies, which can be detrimental to policyholders. The case of death claim rejection by PT. Asuransi Jiwa Generali Indonesia against Luster Manurung (Decision Number 149/Pdt.G/2024/PN. Mdn), on the grounds of financial data inconsistency and BLT recipient status, highlights the urgency of this study to examine unlawful acts by insurance companies and the legal protection that policyholders should receive. This study aims to analyze the legal provisions regarding legal protection for life insurance policyholders, understand the forms of unlawful acts committed by insurance companies against policyholders in life insurance, and analyze the legal considerations of the panel of judges in Decision Number 149/Pdt.G.2024/PN. Mdn regarding the rejection of life insurance claims as unlawful acts.. This study uses a normative juridical method with primary and secondary data through library research. This study analyzes the legal provisions in related cases and other reference materials relevant to the objectivity of the study. The results of the study of Medan District Court Decision Number 149/Pdt.G/2024/PN.Mdn show that the action of PT. Asuransi Jiwa Generali Indonesia in unilaterally rejecting life insurance claims is considered an unlawful act because it violates the principles of good faith, legal obligations, and consumer protection. The panel of judges based its considerations on Articles 1365 and 1338 of the Civil Code, POJK No. 23/POJK.05/2015 and Law Number 40 of 2014 concerning Insurance. Based on these legal grounds, the judge ruled that the insurance agreement remained valid and binding, and ordered the insurance company to pay the sum assured to the policyholder. This ruling emphasizes the importance of applying the principles of justice and legal protection for policyholders against arbitrary actions by insurance companies in rejecting claims without a valid basis.128 PagesSkripsi Sarjan

The Effect of Work Motivation Factors on Construction Workers Performance in the Merdeka Revitalization Project Medan (Multi Years)

The Merdeka Square Revitalization Project is a development project for open spaces and MSME buildings with large capacity. The construction project heavily depends on human resources, especially skilled laborers as on-site executors. However, issues related to workers' performance are often still found in the human resources, which can also be influenced by the level of work motivation they have. This study aims to examine and determine how work motivation affects the performance of laborers in the Merdeka Square Revitalization Project in Medan. This issue arises from field conditions showing variations in laborer performance that can be influenced by several factors, such as work motivation that is not yet optimal. Additionally, it aims to identify the most dominant motivation indicators, which is important for the project team as a basis for evaluation. This research is quantitative in nature with a descriptive approach, and the method used is a survey method through the distribution of questionnaires. Data was collected through questionnaires distributed to 38 respondents consisting of laborers. The collected respondent data will be analyzed using validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, simple linear regression tests, hypothesis tests, and will later be processed using SPSS. The results of this study indicate that work motivation has a positive effect on the performance level of laborers with a t-count value greater than the t-table (6.784 > 2.028), which means that work motivation partially has a significant effect. The coefficient of determination value is 0.561, which means that 56.1% of work motivation influences laborer performance. Among several work motivation factors, sufficient salary and good work guidance are the dominant factors affecting laborers' performance at work.65 PagesSkripsi Sarjan

Adaptation of Papuan Students in Medan, Studying at USU and Living in Dormitories

Papuan students who pursue higher education in Medan close to University of North Sumatera encounter an adaptation process to social and academic environments that differ from their place of origin. This study aims to explain the forms of adaptation, challenges, and strategies used by Papuan students in adjusting to their residential environment and the campus setting of the University of North Sumatra. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and observations involving 10 Papuan students who are members of the Papuan Students Association of North Sumatra. The data were analyzed through the stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that adaptation is carried out through participation in student organizations, adjustment of communication behavior, and the development of broader social relations. The main challenges include cultural differences, stereotypes, and language barriers. Adaptation strategies involve establishing social support among fellow Papuan students, participating in campus activities, and enhancing cross-cultural communication skills. Overall, the adaptation process occurs gradually and is influenced by continuous social interaction and acceptance of environmental diversity within the campus.81 PagesSkripsi Sarjan

Evaluation of Andisol Soil Physicochemical Properties and Their Relationship to Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production in Karo Regency

Andisol soils, which dominate the Karo Regency, have low nutrient availability and a high capacity for phosphate fixation, and these conditions often cause crops to experience nutrient deficiencies that ultimately reduce productivity. Potato production in the region varies widely because the characteristics of Andisol soils, elevations, and cropping patterns applied by farmers in each land mapping unit differ considerably. These variations lead to inconsistent crop responses to nutrients, pH, soil texture, and land management, resulting in the absence of site-specific cultivation recommendations. Therefore, this study is needed to clarify how soil characteristics and cropping patterns influence potato productivity so that more effective and sustainable land-management strategies can be developed. This study aimed to characterize the variation in physicochemical soil properties across different Land Mapping Units (SPL) in Karo Regency and to identify the soil factors that most strongly influenced potato production. The study also assessed the effects of several cropping patterns on changes in soil properties and potato yield. Ultimately, the research sought to determine the optimal combination of soil characteristics and cropping patterns to support productive and sustainable management of Andisol soils. The study was carried out across multiple SPLs in Karo Regency, which exhibit substantial agroecological diversity, including elevations ranging from 1,000 to 1,600 m above sea level, slopes of 2–35%, soil textures from sandy to predominantly silty, and cropping systems such as rotation without mulch, rotation with mulch, intercropping, monoculture, and mulched monoculture on sloping land. This research was conducted in Karo Regency and focused on land characteristics across various elevations and slope gradients for potato cultivation, based on the established Land Mapping Units. The study consisted of two main parts. n the first part, the researcher examined the soil characteristics of potato cultivation areas through the stages of preparation, data collection, and data analysis. The researcher collected primary and secondary physical data and obtained soil samples from each land unit for analysis at the Soil Laboratory of PT Socfindo. The soil characteristics were analyzed by comparing the physical environmental conditions with the growth requirements of potatoes, based on land suitability criteria and cropping patterns, to evaluate land quality and characteristics. In the second part, the researcher analyzed the influence of soil characteristics and cropping patterns on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production on Andisol soils in Karo Regency. This study was conducted from February to June 2023 on several potato fields representing different cropping systems, including monoculture (with and without mulch), intercropping with vegetables, and crop rotation (with and without mulch). In this stage, the researcher collected soil samples for physical and chemical analysis, while yield data were obtained from farmers’ fields. The results of the first research phase showed that the physicochemical properties of the soil in each Land Map Unit (SPL) in Karo Regency varied considerably. Andisol soils across all units exhibited moderately acidic to acidic pH values, ranging from 4.63 to 4.99 (H₂O), with high to very high organic carbon contents of 3.31–7.18%. The capacity of cation exchange was classified as very high, ranging from 28.03 to 43.19 me/100 g. The most notable variation among land units was observed in Bray II-P, which ranged from 90.97 to 231.09 mg/kg, and in base saturation, which ranged from 5.44% to 11.51%. In addition, the exchangeable cations Ca-dd and Mg-dd differed significantly, with Ca-dd ranging from 0.37 to 2.29 me/100 g and Mg-dd from 0.38 to 1.39 me/100 g. These differences reflected variations in topography, soil texture, and nutrient leaching intensity across the SPLs. Potato yields in all SPLs ranged from 17.33 to 24.67 t/ha, with the highest yield recorded in SPL 1, which had high soil moisture, Bray II-P of 204.44 mg/kg, base saturation of 11.51%, and Ca-dd of 2.29 me/100 g. Conversely, the lowest yield was found in SPL 4, characterized by Bray II-P of 182.68 mg/kg, low base saturation (5.44%), and very low Ca-dd (0.52 me/100 g). Overall, the findings indicated that potato production was strongly influenced by Bray II-P, Ca-dd, Mg-dd, base saturation, soil texture, and cation exchange capacity. Land units with higher Bray II-P, adequate Ca-dd, and relatively stable sandy textures produced higher yields than units with overly sandy textures and low base saturation. The second phase of the study analyzed various cropping patterns, including rotation without mulch, rotation with mulch, monoculture, intercropping, and rotation–mulch systems that influenced soil conditions and crop yields. The results showed that the use of mulch consistently increased soil moisture, maintained the stability of Bray II-P, and improved soil structure, particularly on sloping land. The rotation–mulch pattern produced the highest yields in almost all land units because it was able to reduce the loss of silt and organic matter due to erosion, especially on slopes ≥20%. Rotation without mulch improved Ca and Mg during the early vegetative stage, but a decline in base saturation at harvest resulted in suboptimal tuber formation. Monoculture produced the lowest yields because it caused rapid soil compaction, decreased organic matter, and reduced nutrient uptake efficiency. Intercropping generated better yields, although its effectiveness depended strongly on the type of companion crop and the degree of shading. The integrated results of both studies showed that potato production in Karo Regency was determined by a combination of factors: elevation, silty soil texture, high organic carbon content, a balanced Ca–Mg ratio, a pH approaching neutral, high Bray II-P levels, and the use of rotation–mulch cropping patterns. Accordingly, soil management strategies for mountainous Andisols needed to focus on increasing soil pH, strengthening the Ca–Mg balance, implementing soil conservation measures on sloping land, and applying mulch to maintain water stability and prevent soil structure degradation.129 PagesDisertasi Dokto

The Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Skeletal Malocclusion in Adult

The demand for orthodontic treatment among adult patients has increased in recent years. Among the various risk factors and success factors for orthodontic treatment, dietary patterns related to nutritional status have an impact on the mechanical and cellular response to tooth movement. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the relationship between body mass index and skeletal malocclusion in adult orthodontic patients treated at USU Dental Hospital. This is an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. This study was conducted on 81 samples, with height and weight measurements using Maloklustab to obtain body mass index values. Meanwhile, the maxillary-mandibular relationship values in the sagittal direction were taken from secondary data in the patients' medical records. After analysis using the Chi-Square test and obtaining an expected count < 5 of more than 20%, the p-value was selected based on Fischer's Exact test. The results of this study showed no significant relationship between BMI and the SNA angle (p = 0.213), BMI and the SNB angle (p = 0.397), and BMI and skeletal malocclusion as assessed by the ANB angle (p = 0.510). In conclusion, BMI variation has no significant relationship with skeletal malocclusion. However, further research on BMI and bone remodeling processes in the adult population is needed.Skripsi Sarjan

Sulang-Sulang Pomparan Ethnic Batak Toba Study of Oral Tradition

This thesis is entitled Toasts Toba Toba Batak Ethnic Pomparan, Study of Oral Traditions, which consists of 5 chapters. In this research the author discusses the Toba Batak Ethnic Sulangsulang Pomparan which takes place in Pondok Buluh Village, Dolok Panribuan District, Simalungun Regency with the formulation of performance problems (text, co-text and context) that exist in this tradition, the values contained in it. this tradition. This thesis aims to describe the performance and values contained in this tradition. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative method. The theoretical basis used is the theory of oral traditions from the book by Robert Sibarani, (Local Wisdom, Essence, Role and Methods of Oral Traditions 2014). The texts in this tradition include the expressions used in each series of customs before and when the custom is implemented. The co-text in this tradition is beautifulan na las, namarmiakmiak, aek sitio-tio, dengke along with ulos and the four elements contained in the cotext. The context in this tradition is divided into four parts, namely culture, social, ideology and situation. The values contained in this tradition include eight values, namely religion, cooperation, art, politeness, social solidarity, gender management, attitudes towards harmony and conflict resolution, and caring for the environment. The findings from this research are that this tradition has performances (text, co-text, and context) and values contained in local wisdom and cannot be separated from the elements of dalihan na tolu.98 PagesSkripsi Sarjan

The Strategy of the National Narcotics Agency of North Sumatra Province in Preventing Drug Abuse in Medan City

Drug abuse and distribution in Indonesia represent a serious problem for the country. This study was motivated by concerns regarding the high number of drug abuse cases, especially in Medan City. Therefore, strategic steps are needed from the government to be able to overcome this problem. North Sumatra Provincial National Narcotics Agency implements the strategy that has been set by Law number 2 of 2020 concerning the National Action Plan for P4GN. This study aims to determine the implementation of the strategy carried out by North Sumatra Provincial National Narcotics Agency in an effort to prevent drug abuse in Medan City. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach and data collection techniques through observation, documentation and interviews with respondents determined using the Purposive Sampling technique. Data analysis techniques include data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Data is processed and analyzed using the strategy implementation theory approach from Hunger and Wheelen with indicators such as Programs, Budgets and Procedures. The results of this study indicate that North Sumatra Provincial National Narcotics Agency is implementing a prevention strategy as seen from three indicators. In the program indicator, North Sumatra Provincial National Narcotics Agency carries out prevention programs such as socialization or counseling, anti-drug campaigns through electronic and non-electronic media, early detection, technical guidance and shining villages/sub-districts as its efforts in preventing drug abuse in Medan City. For the budget indicator, North Sumatra Provincial National Narcotics Agency implements all its programs as detailed in the Budget Implementation List, sourced from the National Budget and nonbudget implementation list, and uses these funds effectively and efficiently. For the procedure indicator, North Sumatra Provincial National Narcotics Agency’s SOP is considered very good, as it explains the workflow in a structured and systematic manner. However, the implementation has not been maximized because the programs are not extensive or evenly distributed throughout drugprone areas, due to obstacles such as limited resources. Research recommendations to support the implementation of North Sumatra Provincial National Narcotics Agency’s strategy in preventing drug abuse in Medan City include increasing resources, such as budget enhancements, and the establishment of National Narcotics Agency of Medan City.174 PagesSkripsi Sarjan

Internet of Things Bassed Solar Powered Mini Pump for Rice Field Irrigation in Sidoarjo II Ramunia

Sidoarjo II Ramunia Village is an agricultural area that has great potential in the agricultural sector, but still faces obstacles in the irrigation system which is less efficient and relies on conventional energy sources. Irrigation is an effort to regularly flow water from water sources to agricultural land. So a water pump is needed to move water from one place to another. However, the use of water pumps also requires additional costs, such as for fuel or electricity, which is a burden for famers. This research aims to design and build a mini pump using solar power based on the internet of things (IoT) as an automatic irrigation solution that is energy efficient and environmentally friendly. This research includes designing a system powered by solar panels and integrating IoT modules (such as ESP32) for remote monitoring and control via a web-based application, so that it can activate the water pump automatically. Testing was carried out with watering cycles in different weather conditions. The results of the study show that this system does not require electricity supply from PLN and the system also runs stably and responsively. The proposed system proved effective in improving irrigation efficiency and is suitable for implementation as a modern irrigation solution in rural areas with limited electricity access.When the solar panel absorbs sunlight energy for 1 hour, it produces an energy value of 0,79 Wh and can pump 1.166 mL of water with the energy released by the pump being 0.024 Wh.50 PagesKertas Karya Diplom

Analysis of ENSO Phenomena on Shortfin Scad (Decapterus russelli) Catch in the Waters of the Malacca Strait

This study investigates the correlation between sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface current, chlorophyll-a concentration, and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomena with the catch of Shortfin Scad (Decapterus russelli) in the Malacca Strait from 2020 to 2024. Utilizing a quantitative approach, satellite imagery data from Aqua MODIS was analyzed for oceanographic parameters, while ENSO index data was used to assess climatic influence. SeaDAS 9.1.0 was employed for data extraction, and ArcMap 10.8 for spatial mapping of SST, chlorophyll-a, and sea currents. The methodology involved data collection, image processing (including calculating mean and anomaly values for SST, currents, and chlorophyll-a), identification of phenomena, catch calculation, and statistical correlation analysis using Pearson correlation in IBM SPSS Statistics. The results indicate that the lowest SST in the Malacca Strait occurred in January 2020 and the highest in May 2023. Chlorophyll-a concentration peaked in December 2023 and was lowest in April 2022. SST showed a moderate correlation with Shortfin Scad catch, while chlorophyll-a exhibited a low correlation. Sea current velocity also demonstrated a low correlation with catch. Furthermore, ENSO phenomena were found to have a moderate correlation with Shortfin Scad catch. This research contributes to understanding the intricate relationship between climate change and fishery resources. The findings are expected to provide valuable insights for better, sustainable fisheries management policies in the Malacca Strait.67 PagesSkripsi Sarjan

Juridical Review Of Simalungun District Regulation Number 10 Of 2012 Concerning The 2011-2031 Regional Spatial Plan On Land Conversion In The Perspective Of Sustainable Development

Land is one of the main elements that support human survival, because it functions as a place to carry out various activities in order to maintain its existence. However, the high level of development activities in Indonesia currently puts great pressure on the availability of land, especially agricultural land. As a result, there has been a conversion of agricultural land into non-agricultural land. One of the sub-districts in Simalungun Regency, namely Panombeian Panei Sub-district, experienced a decrease in the area of paddy fields from 1,736.0 hectares in 2022 to 1,492.3 hectares in 2023. This research discusses the position and legal rules of land conversion, then discusses land conversion in Pematang Panei Village, Panombeian Panei Sub-district, Simalungun Regency, and analyzes the influence of sustainable development on land conversion in Pematang Panei Village, Panombeian Panei Sub-district, Simalungun Regency. The type of research used in writing this thesis is normative juridical using primary and secondary data sources. Primary data sources are interviews, observations and reports, while secondary data sources are primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The data collection technique used in this research is a literature study with data collection tools in the form of interviews, field observations, and distributing questionnaires and questionnaires as supporting data. which were then analyzed using descriptive and qualitative analysis with a juridical approach. The results of the study show that land conversion in Pematang Panei Village takes place from agricultural land to settlements, contrary to various regulations such as Law No. 41 of 2009 and Regional Regulation No. 10 of 2012. This problem is triggered by population growth, rising land values and economic pressures. The impacts include decreased food productivity, disrupted ecosystems and spatial planning violations, which are exacerbated by weak law enforcement, inter-agency synergy and community participation. Therefore, an integrated strategy is needed to realize sustainable development.143 PagesSkripsi Sarjan