Performance Analysis of Best Relaying Protocol Selection with Interferences at Relays

In this paper, we investigate the performance of selecting the best protocol between amplify and forward (AF) and decode and forward (DF) in multiple relay networks with multiple interferences at relays. In the selection scheme, the best protocol between AF and DF is selected depending on the comparisons of signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR) for all source-relay links. All relays measure the received SINR to decide forwarding signal or not. When SINR is above a certain threshold then DF is used otherwise AF is used. Particularly, we develop an accurate mathematical model for best relaying protocol by considering the effect of interferences to our scheme. Firstly, we derive the asymptotic closed form expression for the symbol error rate (SER) for the system under study. Also we derive an upper and lower bound of symbol error rate and show how they were tight with exact SER. Furthermore an approximate expression for the outage probability is derived. Numerical results are finally presented to validate the theoretical analysis with a different number of relays

The Leptoquark Implication from the CMS and IceCube Experiments

The recent excess in the CMS measurements of $eejj$ and $e\nu jj$ channels and the emergence of PeV comsic neutrino events at the IceCube experiment share an intriguing implication for a leptoquark with a 600-650 GeV mass. We investigate the CMS constraints on the flavor structure of a scenario with the minimal leptoquark Yukawa couplings and correlate such a scenario to the resonant enhancement in the very high energy shower event rates at the IceCube. We find for a single leptoquark, the CMS signals require large couplings to the third generation leptons. This leads to an enhancement in the $\nu_\tau$-nucleon scattering cross-section and subsequently more $\nu_\tau$ events at PeV energies. However, a visible enhancement above the Standard Model scattering would require a leptoquark Yukawa coupling larger than one that can be easily tested at the upcoming LHC runs.Comment: PRD version. Meson decay constraints and additional citations are added. 6 pages, 2 figures, 1 tabl

Eulerian and modified Lagrangian approaches to multi-dimensional condensation and collection

Turbulence is argued to play a crucial role in cloud droplet growth. The combined problem of turbulence and cloud droplet growth is numerically challenging. Here, an Eulerian scheme based on the Smoluchowski equation is compared with two Lagrangian superparticle (or su- perdroplet) schemes in the presence of condensation and collection. The growth processes are studied either separately or in combination using either two-dimensional turbulence, a steady flow, or just gravitational acceleration without gas flow. Good agreement between the differ- ent schemes for the time evolution of the size spectra is observed in the presence of gravity or turbulence. Higher moments of the size spectra are found to be a useful tool to characterize the growth of the largest drops through collection. Remarkably, the tails of the size spectra are reasonably well described by a gamma distribution in cases with gravity or turbulence. The Lagrangian schemes are generally found to be superior over the Eulerian one in terms of computational performance. However, it is shown that the use of interpolation schemes such as the cloud-in-cell algorithm is detrimental in connection with superparticle or superdroplet approaches. Furthermore, the use of symmetric over asymmetric collection schemes is shown to reduce the amount of scatter in the results.Comment: 36 pages, 17 figure

Adiabatic and non-adiabatic perturbations for loop quantum cosmology

We generalize the perturbations theory of loop quantum cosmology to a hydrodynamical form and define an effective curvature perturbation on an uniform density hypersurfaces $\zeta_e$. As in the classical cosmology, $\zeta_e$ should be gauge-invariant and conservation on the large scales. The evolutions of both the adiabatic and the non-adiabatic perturbations for a multi-fluids model are investigated in the framework of the effective hydrodynamical theory of loop quantum cosmology with the inverse triad correction. We find that, different from the classical cosmology, the evolution of the large-scales non-adiabatic entropy perturbation can be driven by an adiabatic curvature perturbation and this adiabatic source for the non-adiabatic perturbation is a quantum effect. As an application of the related formalism, we study a decay model and give out the numerical results.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure

Geometric curvatures of plane symmetry black hole

In this paper, we study the properties and thermodynamic stability of the plane symmetry black hole from the viewpoint of geometry. Weinhold metric and Ruppeiner metric are obtained, respectively. The Weinhold curvature gives phase transition points, which correspond to the first-order phase transition only at N=1, where $N$ is a parameter in the plane symmetry black hole. While the Ruppeiner one shows first-order phase transition points for arbitrary $N\neq 1$. Both of which give no any information about the second-order phase transition. Considering the Legendre invariant proposed by Quevedo et. al., we obtain a unified geometry metric, which gives a correctly the behavior of the thermodynamic interactions and phase transitions. The geometry is also found to be curved and the scalar curvature goes to negative infinity at the Davies' phase transition points when the logarithmic correction is included.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figure

Examining Stakeholder Perspectives: Process, Performance and Progress of the Age-Friendly Taiwan Program.

Since Taiwans age-friendly city (AFC) program was launched in 2012, the central government has provided various resources to the countrys 22 local authorities, including budgetary support, policy advocacy, and consultation from a team of experts. This study examines stakeholder perspectives on the process, performance, and outcome of the AFC program. A 53-item questionnaire was developed based on the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline, including mechanisms and processes (20 items), outcome evaluations (23 items), and resource integration (10 items). There was a great difference found among scores between facilitators and experts for inter-exchange experience with local and international cities (40%) and monitor and revise indicators (37%) in mechanisms and processes, evaluate performance of indicators and action plans (37%) in outcome evaluations, and interaction between government and community (46%) and interaction between civil organization and senior society (39%) in resource integration. Clearly, facilitators showed overly optimistic assessments in AFC mechanisms and processes, outcome evaluation, and resource integration. The results showed disconnect between experts expectations versus actual practice conducted by facilitators. Implications of these findings are to integrate top down expectations with the realities of bottom up practice to design more realistic evaluations; continue to educate stakeholders about design, implementation and evaluation; and further integrate resources from government, civil organizations, and community