ABOUT HARM OF HIGH PROFIT

In the article the category again created by the enterprises and the cost organisations (their internal gross revenue) and its place in воспроизводственном process is considered. As a result of consideration the conclusion about necessity of its analysis and optimisation of balance of distribution within the limits of the analysis and an estimation of processes of reproduction of the industrial capital and labour reproduction becomes. The approach to definition of level of the payment, providing simple reproduction of labour is offered

ABOUT HARM OF HIGH PROFIT

In the article the category again created by the enterprises and the cost organisations (their internal gross revenue) and its place in воспроизводственном process is considered. As a result of consideration the conclusion about necessity of its analysis and optimisation of balance of distribution within the limits of the analysis and an estimation of processes of reproduction of the industrial capital and labour reproduction becomes. The approach to definition of level of the payment, providing simple reproduction of labour is offered

Organization of risk management during implementation investment and innovative projects

The approaches to risk determination, methods of its assessment, standardization parameters of investment activity and its stages have been considered. The key moments in the organization of risk management at the enterprise have been highlighted. The technologies of qualitative and quantitative assessments of the organization of risk management at the enterprise have been identified. The estimation of the fragmentation of risk management in the current market conditions has been conducted. Off rs on implementationn of the most constructive and complex approaches to the organization of risk and management at the enterprise have been given

Development of modern entrepreneurship : competition and cooperation

The purpose of the article is to develop the optimal model of development of modern entrepreneurship in Russia from the point of view of the processes of competition and cooperation. The foundation of the methodological apparatus of this research is the method of scenario analysis, which is performed with the help of the tools of the Theory of games. The authors offer classification of existing market structures in the spheres of economy as to the criterion of ratio of processes of competition and cooperation and develop the proprietary methodology for evaluation of effectiveness of the model of national economy development from the point of view of the processes of competition and cooperation. Because of the research, it is concluded that the offered hypothesis is true, and it is impossible to apply the straightforward approach to creation of market structures in economic spheres of modern Russia due to its ineffectiveness in the modern economic conditions, subject to the influence of the processes of globalization, integration, post-industrialization, liberalization, etc. The authors analyze the possible scenarios of development of modern entrepreneurship in Russia through the prism of competitive and cooperative processes.peer-reviewe

The Role of the Country’s Status in the EAEU

Integration associations in the modern world. Depending on the foreign economic and foreign policy priorities of the country, its status in the integration associations is designated. In the course of writing this article, based on empirical and theoretical research methods, it was possible to determine the difference between the types of participation of countries in international organizations, highlight the main reasons for countries to obtain observer status with the Eurasian Economic Union, and also analyze the prospects for expanding the integration association

Качество человеческого капитала и его влияние на экономический рост регионов России

Purpose:  is to empirically substantiate the impact of human capital quality on the economic growth of the regions of Russia on the basis of theoretical and methodological generalization of its main aspects.Methods: along with traditional methods, specific methods were used, such as content analysis, methods of expert assessments and comparative analysis, and the calculation and graphic technique of Xiang-Yeaple, which allowed to identify the state of human capital quality, as well as establish its optimal structure suitable for dynamic economic development.Results: the cognitive and non-cognitive parameters of human potential are established as a realistic factor in the dynamics of gross regional product that determines the future pace of economic development. A comparative analysis of the labor demand and supply elasticity coefficients has revealed the degree of impact of its quality in ensuring the corresponding trends of economic growth. It was proven that significant investments in human capital and high levels of its development represent only a factor of ensuring economic growth and don’t guarantee its achievement. Recommendations for ensuring the development of labor potential as determinant of economic development, the growth rates of which largely depends on the human capital quality.Сonclusions and Relevance:   the Russian economy should focus on the formation and development of high-quality human capital through talent-fueled innovation by reforming the existing education system and assessing scientific potential in order to optimize the labor and branch structure suitable for high-quality economic growth. Human capital should be structured considering the parameters of its quality, the level of available labor potential, and the types of activities that require advanced knowledge for systemic economic growth.Цель  статьи состоит в эмпирическом обосновании влияния качества человеческого капитала на экономический рост регионов России на основе теоретико-методического обобщения его основных аспектов. Методы.   Наряду с традиционными, в процессе работы использованы специфические методы исследования – контент-анализ, методы экспертных оценок, компаративного анализа и расчетно-графический прием Сяна-Йипла, которые позволили выявить состояние показателей качества человеческого капитала, а также установить его оптимальную структуру, подходящую для динамического экономического развития.Результаты работы.   Установлены параметры когнитивного и некогнитивного человеческого потенциала как реалистичного фактора динамики валового регионального продукта, определяющего будущие темпы экономического развития. Сравнительный анализ коэффициентов эластичности спроса и предложения рабочей силы позволил выявить степень влияния ее качества на обеспечение соответствующих тенденций экономического роста. Доказано, что значительные инвестиции в человеческий капитал и высокий уровень его развития представляют собой фактор, лишь содействующий экономическому росту, но не гарантирующий его достижения. Даны рекомендации по обеспечению формирования трудового потенциала как фактора развития экономики, темпы роста которой во многом зависит от качества человеческого капитала.Выводы.  Российская экономика должна быть ориентирована на формирование и развитие высококачественного человеческого капитала. Достижение этого возможно посредством кадровых инноваций, путем реформирования существующей системы образования и оценки научного потенциала с целью оптимизации трудовой и отраслевой структуры, необходимой для экономического развития. Человеческий капитал должен быть структурирован с учетом его качественных параметров, уровня имеющегося трудового потенциала и видов деятельности, требующих передовых знаний для системного экономического роста

Internal nanoparticle structure of temperature-responsive self-assembled PNIPAM-b-PEG-b-PNIPAM triblock copolymers in aqueous solutions: NMR, SANS and light scattering studies

In this study we report detailed information on the internal structure of PNIPAM-b-PEG-b-PNIPAM nanoparticles formed from self-assembly in aqueous solutions upon increase in temperature. NMR spectroscopy, light scattering and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) were used to monitor different stages of nanoparticle formation as a function of temperature, providing insight into the fundamental processes involved. The presence of PEG in a copolymer structure significantly affects the formation of nanoparticles, making their transition to occur over a broader temperature range. The crucial parameter that controls the transition is the ratio of PEG/PNIPAM. For pure PNIPAM, the transition is sharp; the higher the PEG/PNIPAM ratio results in a broader transition. This behavior is explained by different mechanisms of PNIPAM block incorporation during nanoparticle formation at different PEG/PNIPAM ratios. Contrast variation experiments using SANS show that the structure of nanoparticles above cloud point temperatures for PNIPAM-b-PEG-b-PNIPAM copolymers is drastically different from the structure of PNIPAM mesoglobules. In contrast with pure PNIPAM mesoglobules, where solid-like particles and chain network with a mesh size of 1-3 nm are present; nanoparticles formed from PNIPAM-b-PEG-b-PNIPAM copolymers have non-uniform structure with “frozen” areas interconnected by single chains in Gaussian conformation. SANS data with deuterated “invisible” PEG blocks imply that PEG is uniformly distributed inside of a nanoparticle. It is kinetically flexible PEG blocks which affect the nanoparticle formation by prevention of PNIPAM microphase separation

BASOPHILE ACTIVATION TEST FOR THE DIAGNOSTICS OF FUNGAL SENSITIZATION IN THE PATIENTS WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS

Aspergillus fumigatus colonization in the patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) may cause sensitization against A. fumigatus and/or allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), which significantly worsens the course of underlying disease. At the present time, new diagnostic tests are searched for detection of fungal sensitization in these patients. The aim of this work was to evaluate an opportunity of application of basophile activation test with A. fumigatus allergen in vitro using flow cytometry, aiming for identification of fungal sensitization in the CF patients. The study included 190 patients with CF aged 1 to 37 years. All the patients underwent common allergy screening (skin tests with fungal allergens, determination of serum levels of total IgE and specific IgE for the fungal allergens), and mycological examination (microscopy and culture of respiratory substrates). Computed tomography of the chest was performed upon clinical indications. The basophil activation test with the A. fumigatus allergen was performed in 10 CF patients with ABPA, and 10 CF patients without ABPA, in addition to the standard allergological examination. Frequency of sensitization to A. fumigatus in the patients with cystic fibrosis was 27%, the incidence of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis was 5.7%. The number of eosinophils, total IgE and specific IgE levels in CF patients with ABPA were significantly higher than in CF patients without ABPA. In blood of the ABPA patients we have identified 68.5 (52.5-81.5%) of basophilic leukocytes activated by A. fumigatus allergen, with a stimulation index of 17.07 (10.30-27.70). In appropriate comparison group, the stimulation index did not exceed 1.5 (p = 0.000). Direct positive correlation between the levels of specific IgE to A. fumigatus and the number of basophils activated by A. fumigatus allergens was revealed (r = 0.77; р < 0.05). FVC values and the body mass index in CF patients with ABPA were significantly lower when compared with the patients without fungal sensitization. Introduction of the basophil activation test, along with standard techniques, may enable a more differentiated assessment of ABPA development in CF patients. Timely detection of associations between A. fumigatus sensitization and clinical status of CF patients will facilitate early and effective administration of specific therapy

Тяжелый грипп как фактор риска развития инвазивного аспергиллёза лёгких (клинический случай)

During  last  years  the  frequency  of  invasive  pulmonary aspergillosis  (IPA)  in  immunocompetent  patients  has  increased. Clinical case report of successful treatment invasive aspergillosis  with  influenza  A(H1N1)  presented  in  the  article. We analyzed the special literature of patients with IPA following influenza infection. The timely identification and treatment of these patients are necessary.В последние годы увеличилась частота инвазивного аспергиллеза у больных без типичных факторов риска. В статье представлен случай успешного лечения инвазивного аспергиллёза лёгких, возникшего на фоне гриппа A(H1N1), и обзор литературы. Показана необходимость своевременной диагностики и адекватной антимикотической терапии у больных тяжелым гриппом