Keragaan perikanan tuna hand line 5-10 GT yang berpangkalan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Bitung

ABSTRACT[1] Tuna hand lines have been used widely by fishermen in Sulawesi Sea and its surrounding to catch big pelagic species with small fishing boats. Although the gear design has evolved over centuries, there is still potential for improving its catching efficiency and selectivity. This study aimed to describe the performance of tuna hand line 5-10GT in terms of technical, economic and social. The performance of the technical analysis approach is obtained through the comparison of production with production variables, the analysis of the economic performance of production values obtained by comparison with the variable production and analysis of social performance obtained from calculating the income of fishermen and compared with a kilogram of rice. The results of the eight ships samples showed that the average production per trip is 340.96 kg; Average production per worker 783.41 kg. Catch to break even showed the smallest percentage in KM Anan 01 amounted to 43.63% and the highest at KM Kartika 45 amounted to 104.30%. Average income per trip is Rp.17,321,644, the average profit per trip Rp.5,953,334 average income per year is Rp.25,110,217 and an average profit per year is Rp.96,876,941. The results of the analysis of RC-Ratio for the eight vessels during the two years of operation were 1.69. The average return on investment was 36%. Results of the analysis showed that the social performance of each of the crew who have amenability more than two people, then on average each person requires 332 kg of rice <360 kg of rice, means including poor families. Keywords: analysis of the technical, economic, social   ABSTRAK Pancing ulur tuna telah digunakan secara luas oleh nelayan di Laut Sulawesi dan sekitarnya untuk menangkap ikan pelagis besar dengan kapal-kapal ukuran kecil. Walaupun konstruksinya telah berkembang sejak lama, tetapi masih memiliki potensi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi penangkapan dan selektivitasnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keragaan perikanan tuna hand line 5-10GT dari segi teknis, ekonomi dan sosial. Pendekatan analisis keragaan teknis diperoleh melalui perbandingan produksi dengan variabel produksi, analisis keragaan ekonomis diperoleh melalui perbandingan nilai produksi dengan variabel produksi dan analisis keragaan sosial didapat dari menghitung pendapatan nelayan dan dibandingkan dengan kilogram beras. Hasil penelitian dari delapan kapal sampel menunjukan bahwa rata-rata produksi per trip sebesar 340,96 kg; rata-rata produksi per tenaga kerja 783,41 kg. Catch to break even menunjukkan persentase terkecil pada KM Anan 01 sebesar 43,63% dan yang tertinggi pada KM Kartika 45 sebesar 104,30%. Rata-rata pendapatan per trip sebesar Rp.17,321,644, rata-rata keuntungan per trip sebesar Rp.5,953,334 rata-rata pendapatan per tahun sebesar Rp.25,110,217 dan rata-rata keuntungan per tahun sebesar Rp. 96.876.941. Hasil analisis RC-Ratio kedelapan kapal selama dua tahun operasi adalah 1,69. Rata-rata pengembalian investasi sebesar 36%. Hasil analisis keragaan sosial menunjukkan bahwa setiap anak buah kapal yang mempunyai tanggungan lebih dari dua orang,  maka rata-rata setiap orang membutuhkan 332 kg beras < 360 kg beras, berarti termasuk dalam kelompok keluarga miskin. Kata-kata kunci: analisis teknis, ekonomis, sosial [1] Penulis untuk penyuratan; email: [email protected]

In vivo detection of changes in cutaneous carotenoids after chemotherapy using shifted excitation resonance Raman difference and fluorescence spectroscopy

Background: Various cutaneous toxicities under chemotherapy indicate a local effect of chemotherapy by secretion after systemic application. Here, changes in the fluorescence and Raman spectral properties of the stratum corneum subsequent to intravenous chemotherapy were assessed. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects and 20 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were included. Measurement time points in cancer patients were before the first cycle of chemotherapy (Tbase) and immediately after intravenous application of the chemotherapy (T1). Healthy subjects were measured once without any further intervention. Measurements were conducted using an individually manufactured system consisting of a handheld probe and a wavelength-tunable diode laser-based 488 nm SHG light source. Hereby, changes in both skin fluorescence and shifted excitation resonance Raman difference spectroscopy (SERRDS) carotenoid signals were assessed. Results: Healthy subjects showed significantly (P <.001) higher mean concentrations of carotenoids compared to cancer subjects at Tbase. An increase in fluorescence intensity was detected in almost all patients after chemotherapy, especially after doxorubicin infusion. Furthermore, a decrease in the carotenoid concentration in the skin after chemotherapy was found. Conclusion: The SERRDS based noninvasive detection can be used as an indirect quantitative assessment of fluorescent chemotherapeutics. The lower carotenoid SERRDS intensities at Tbase might be due to cancerous diseases and co-medication. © 2020 The Authors. Skin Research and Technology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd

MOP Reduction During Long-Term Methamphetamine Withdrawal was Restored by Chronic Post-Treatment with Fluoxetine

Previously, we found fluoxetine reduces methamphetamine preference in mice. However, effects of fluoxetine on developed methamphetamine preference and on methamphetamine induced gene expression changes have been largely unknown. The present study investigates effects of post-treatment with fluoxetine on methamphetamine dependence and on gene expressions after long-term withdrawal in mice. First, we examined whether chronic post-treatment with fluoxetine attenuated methamphetamine-conditioned place preference. Next, we examined the changes in gene expression levels after long-term withdrawal (with saline or fluoxetine treatment) following chronic methamphetamine treatment. Using mRNA from the pooled frontal cortices of 10 mice per group, gene expression analyses were performed using a custom-developed cDNA array and a real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. Chronic post-treatments with fluoxetine abolished the conditioned place preference developed by methamphetamine administrations. Even after long-term withdrawal from repeated methamphetamine administration, µ-opioid receptor (MOP) gene expression was significantly reduced in the frontal cortex. The reduced MOP gene expression in the frontal cortex was restored by chronic administration with fluoxetine. These changes were confirmed by Western blot analyses. These findings suggest that the chronic post-treatments with fluoxetine might be effective for restoring the reduction of MOP levels in the frontal cortex following long-term abstinence from methamphetamine

A new mathematical model of folate homeostasis in E. coli highlights the potential importance of the folinic acid futile cycle in cell growth.

Folate (vitamin B9) plays a central role in one-carbon metabolism in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. This pathway mediates the transfer of one-carbon units, playing a crucial role in nucleotide synthesis, methylation, and amino acid homeostasis. The folinic acid futile cycle adds a layer of intrigue to this pathway, due to its associations with metabolism, cell growth, and dormancy. It also introduces additional complexity to folate metabolism. A logical way to deal with such complexity is to examine it by using mathematical modelling. This work describes the construction and analysis of a model of folate metabolism, which includes the folinic acid futile cycle. This model was tested under three in silico growth conditions. Model simulations revealed: 1) the folate cycle behaved as a stable biochemical system in three growth states (slow, standard, and rapid); 2) the initial concentration of serine had the greatest impact on metabolite concentrations; 3) 5-formyltetrahydrofolate cyclo-ligase (5-FCL) activity had a significant impact on the levels of the 7 products that carry the one-carbon donated from folates, and the redox couple NADP/NADPH; this was particularly evident in the rapid growth state; 4) 5-FCL may be vital to the survival of the cells by maintaining low levels of homocysteine, as high levels can induce toxicity; and 5) the antifolate therapeutic trimethoprim had a greater impact on folate metabolism with higher nutrient availability. These results highlight the important role of 5-FCL in intracellular folate homeostasis and mass generation under different metabolic scenarios. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The CD4/CD8 ratio of infused CD19-CAR-T is a prognostic factor for efficacy and toxicity

CD4+ and CD8+ chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) play different roles in the in vivo anti-tumour response, but the role of the CD4+/CD8+ ratio among infused CAR-T has not been clearly defined yet. We analysed leftovers from infused anti-CD19 CAR-T bags of 31 patients with aggressive B-cell lymphomas. The median ratio was 1.44, lower for brexu-cel compared to tisa-cel and axi-cel. The CAR+CD4+/CD8+ ratio was influenced by lactate dehydrogenase levels at apheresis, not by age, previous treatments or the CD4+/CD8+ ratio in peripheral blood. Patients with a response at 3 months after CAR-T (M3) had a lower CAR+CD4+/CD8+ ratio in the infused products compared to non-responders (ratio 0.74 vs. 2.47, p = 0.011). A CAR+CD4+/CD8+ ratio higher than the cut point of 1.12 was associated with an increased risk of treatment failure at M3 (OR 23.3, p = 0.012) and M6 (OR 10, p = 0.028). The median 6-month PFS was 76% for patients with a ratio lower than 1.12% vs. 31% for the others. The prognostic role of the CAR+CD4+/CD8+ ratio was independent of the costimulatory domain (CD28 vs. 4-1BB) of the product (OR 16.41, p = 0.041). Our data indicate a crucial role for CD8+ CAR-T and the CAR+CD4+/CD8+ ratio in predicting CAR-T efficacy

Recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-2 and platelet-derived growth factor-BB for localized bone regeneration. Histologic and radiographic outcomes of a rabbit study

OBJECTIVES: Improvement in localized bone regeneration is needed to avoid the use of autogenous tissue. For that purpose, the use biologic mediators was proposed. The aim was to test whether or not one of two biologic mediators, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) or recombinant platelet-derived growth factor (rhPDGF-BB), is superior to the other and to control groups for localized bone regeneration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four cylinders (height: 5 mm; diameter: 7 mm) were screwed on the parietal and frontal bones at the cranium in 12 rabbits. The cylinders either received (i) deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) mixed rhBMP-2 (DBBM/BMP-2), (ii) DBBM mixed with rhPDGF-BB (DBBM/PDGF), (iii) DBBM (DBBM), and (iv) empty control (control). Rabbits were euthanized at 2 and 8 weeks (n = 6, respectively). Conventional histomorphometric and micro-CT analyses were performed. Parametric linear mixed models were applied for the analyses with Bonferroni correction for the multiple group comparisons. RESULTS: The area of bone regeneration (histology; AAHisto ) at 2 weeks peaked for DBBM (41.91%) with statistically significantly greater values compared to DBBM/PDGF and the control group (P < 0.05). At 8 weeks, mean AAHisto values were 96.29% (DBBM/BMP-2), 46.37% (DBBM/PDFG), 39.66% (DBBM), and 35.98% (control) (DBBM/BMP-2 vs. all groups (P < 0.05)). At 8 weeks, bone regeneration was greatest for DBBM/BMP-2 (35.62%) with statistically significant differences compared to all other groups (P < 0.05). The area of bone regeneration (micro-CT; AAm-CT ) at 2 weeks amounted to 43.87% (DBBM/BMP-2), 42.81% (DBBM/PDFG), 48.71% (DBBM), and 0.96% (control). The control group demonstrated statistically significantly less AAm-CT compared to all groups (P < 0.05). At 8 weeks, mean AAm-CT values were 63.65% (DBBM/BMP-2), 50.21% (DBBM/PDFG), 44.81% (DBBM), and 4.57% (control) (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The use of rhBMP-2 significantly enhanced bone regeneration compared to all other groups including the group with rhPDGF-BB

Differences in Pre-licensure Interprofessional Learning: Classroom Versus Practice Settings

AbstractBackground: Health Canada and Cochrane reviews indicate a need for rigorous outcome testing following interprofessional learning, particularly in practice settings. This led to research questioning whether knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, values, and skills regarding collaborative patient care improve after interprofessional learning in classroom and practice settings based on the degree of exposure to interprofessional learning compared to a control group.Methods and Findings: Pre-licensure students from seven health-profession programs were assigned to three groups: Control (no intervention), Education (classroom-based interprofessional learning), and Full-Participant (classroom-based and practice-based interprofessional learning). They were later surveyed to assess outcomes. Immersion at an interprofessional practice setting had a greater impact on scores than classroom-based interprofessional education. Both interventions significantly improved attitudes, perceptions, knowledge, and skills related to interprofessional collaboration. Only immersion improved the perceived importance of sharing leadership. Changes after the education intervention persisted at five-month follow-up.Conclusions: Interprofessional learning in classroom and practice settings positively impacted participants' knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and values, and skills regarding interprofessional teamwork. Use of a longitudinal study with a control group provided evidence that pre-licensure interprofessional learning would increase awareness of the need to collaborate. Findings encourage longerterm study of how interprofessional learning in various settings could improve how future practitioners approach patient care

In vivo Skin Penetration, Radical Protection, and Structural Changes after Topical Application of a Herbal Oil Cream Compared to Topical Calcipotriol in Mild to Moderate Psoriasis

Background: The chronicity of psoriasis often requires continuous topical treatment. Materials and Methods: Here, the radical protection of a cream containing various herbal oils was evaluated in vivo by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and its skin penetration by Raman microscopy in intact and barrier-disturbed skin. Changes in skin barrier properties were evaluated after 4 weeks of daily topical application using in vivo laser scanning microscopy (LSM) and transepidermal water loss in 26 healthy volunteers. A randomized, controlled, double-blind, three-arm parallel clinical study evaluated the efficacy of the herbal oil cream compared to a 0.05% calcipotriol-containing cream and to a vehicle cream, in 135 patients with mild to moderate plaque psoriasis with the change in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) from baseline to week 12 as the primary endpoint. Results: EPR spectroscopy disclosed a significantly higher radical formation in untreated than skin treated with the herbal oil cream (p ≤ 0.05). LSM measurements indicated a protective skin barrier effect in treated compared to untreated skin. In the clinical trial, the topical application of herbal oils showed a significant reduction of the PASI score compared to topical calcipotriol at week 12 (p = 0.016). The mean reduction in PASI was 49% for the herbal oil cream, 38% for calcipotriol, and 55% for the vehicle cream. The percentage of patients, who reached PASI 50 and 75 at any time point, was 55.9% and 29.4% for the herbal oil cream, 47.4% and 15.8% for calcipotriol, and 23 (60.5%) and 13 (34.2%) for the vehicle, respectively (p > 0.05). The vehicle, originally designed as a placebo, contained a main ingredient of the herbal oil cream and therefore showed corresponding results. Conclusion: The herbal oil cream demonstrated effectiveness in the treatment of mild to moderate plaque psoriasis

Effect of HLA mismatch on post-transplant infections in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with PTCy-based GvHD prophylaxis

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