Managing economic climate security: theoretical and applied aspects

The article proposes to consider climate security as an important factor in the sustainable development of the economy. The problems of climate risk management have been identified. Based on a literature review, a system of national climate regulation objectives have been proposed and logically justified. The main stages of their achievement have been presented. The need for a project-based approach to climate regulation has been justified. The idea of a national project at state level and three federal projects as part of it has been proposed. The author’s model for managing the country’s climate security has been presented. The standard plan for the implementation of this model at the regional level has been developed. The results can be used in national strategic management of country climate security and its constituent entities

Monitoring regional development based on "green" indicators

The article presents the results of a study devoted to solving actual problems of implementing the concept of "green" development both at national and regional levels. The indicators of "green" development developed by international organizations are considered as a methodological basis for the creation of systems of monitoring and analyzing the processes of economy "greening", preventing and reducing current negative impact on the environment, increasing the efficiency of resource use in the context of carbon regulation. Assessment of the dynamics of the development of the Voronezh region has been carried out on the basis of selected indicators, and it has been concluded that the regional policy takes into account the necessary prerequisites for "green" growth, which determine the need to increase environmental, economic and social efficiency of activities, increasing the level of waste processing and reduce their producing.peer-reviewe

Opportunistic behavior as behavior manipulations

© 2016 Elena Yakovleva, Natalia Grigoryeva and Olga Grigoryeva.The study of opportunistic behavior in relation with manipulation techniques is important because it directly affects the efficiency of agent’s relationship. We identified two forms of opportunistic behavior that depend on the subject composition of the contractual relationship. In the article we attempt to identify significant techniques of manipulation of information. It is important to understand real nature of opportunism in contractual relationship. The study proved the high importance, because it expands our knowledge about the nature of exogenous opportunistic manifestations as a society and economic phenomenon

Wavelet Methods in Steganography

This paper is devoted to graphic information protection by means of computer steganography using wavelet techniques. The methods of the image processing using digital watermarking are classified. Some research of the structure of the digital image is investigated. In the first solution the steganographic system, which usesa discrete wavelet transform for embedding of grayscale watermark into wavelet coefficients of grayscale container is mоdeled and realized. Stego image is achieved by the inverse discrete wavelet transform. Binarization using halftoning algorithm is considered as a kind of powerful attack to stego image. After binarization attack the extracted watermark was found to have acceptable visual quality. The degradation ofthe embedded digital watermark after binarization is estimated using human visual system. Corresponding conclusions on steganographic system stability are drawn. In the second solution we propose the steganographic scheme which uses the proposed wavelet basis images

From the experience of supporting young teachers in the EU countries

The purpose of the article is a description of the basic points of the uniform policy adopted in the European countries (EU members) targeted at the support of beginning teachers. At present, the majority of the European countries face shortage of teachers. For various reasons young teachers leave the profession. The number of such teachers can be reduced significantly if at the beginning of their professional career they are given complex support including personal, social and professional components. The problem of young teachers’ outflow from comprehensive schools takes place in our country, too. That is why foreign experience of solving this problem is important. Methods. Methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization of foreign experience are used. Results and scientific novelty. After the analysis of the European commission documents, the main components of the program for the support of beginning teachers during the induction period, recommended for introduction in EU countries, are defined. Each component of the induction program (personal, social and professional) has a number of necessary elements characteristics of which are given in the article. The program provides four interconnected systems of support: mentoring, support of experts, support of colleagues and self-reflection. The article contains a short description of these systems (types of support, the purposes, key factors, kinds of activity, necessary conditions). The article gives also the main, general conditions necessary for effective implementation of induction programs. Practical significance. The results of the research of the experience in EU countries on supporting beginning teachers during the induction period of their professional career can be useful to the heads of the regional ministries and territorial administrations of education, comprehensive schools developing a system of measures for supporting young teachers. Цель статьи – описание основных положений единой политики поддержки начинающих учителей в странах Европейского союза, в большинстве которых в настоящее время ощущается нехватка педагогических кадров. По разным причинам молодые учителя уходят из профессии, но количество покидающих педагогическое поприще можно существенно сократить, если в начале профессиональной деятельности оказывать им комплексную (личностную, социальную и профессиональную) помощь. Проблема оттока молодых кадров из общеобразовательных школ имеет место и в нашей стране. В связи с этим зарубежный опыт решения данной проблемы весьма актуален. Методы. В работе использованы методы анализа, синтеза, обобщения. Результаты и научная новизна. На основе содержания документов Европейской комиссии определены основные составляющие рекомендованной к внедрению в странах ЕС программы поддержки начинающих учителей на протяжении индукционного периода. Охарактеризованы необходимые элементы каждой из составляющих индукционной программы, предусматривающей четыре взаимосвязанные системы поддержки: наставничество (менторство), экспертное сообщество, поддержку коллег и саморефлексию. Дано краткое описание этих систем: видов поддержки, целей, ключевых факторов, видов деятельности. Перечислены также общие условия, необходимые для эффективной реализации индукционных программ. Практическая значимость. Изложенные в статье материалы исследования могут быть полезны руководителям региональных министерств, территориальных управлений образования, общеобразовательных организаций при разработке системы мер по поддержке молодых учителе

From the experience of teacher certification in foreign countries

The purpose of the article is to review foreign experience of teacher certification according to requirements of the Teacher Professional Standards. Methods. The authors use analysis and generalization of official documents and methodical recommendations of the European Commission on introduction of a system of professional competences (standards) of the teacher; guides for certification of teachers in the EU countries, the USA and Australia according to standards of the teacher; regulations of Russian centers for certification of pedagogical workers using in their activities overseas experience of similar centers and the international standard of personnel certification. Results. Various options for the use of a system of the teacher professional competencies (standards), as well as models of independent certification of teachers in terms of approaches, goals, objectives and organizational forms used in the EU, the USA and Australia are considered and analysed. Scientific novelty. As a result of the analysis of teacher certification experience in a number of foreign countries some general tendencies are identified and taken into account in the recommendations on the establishment of the system of Russian teachers certification as consistent with the Professional Standard «Teacher (pedagogical activity in the field of pre-school, primary general, basic general, secondary general education) (educator, teacher)». Practical significance. The results can be used while developing of regional centres for teachers’ independent certificationЦели статьи – обзор зарубежного опыта сертификации педагогических работников и установление степени соответствия содержания данной процедуры требованиям существующих профессиональных стандартов. Методы. В работе использованы анализ и обобщение официальных документов и методических рекомендаций Европейской комиссии по внедрению системы профессиональных компетенций педагога; руководств по проведению сертификации педагогических работников в странах Европейского союза (ЕС), в США и Австралии; нормативных документов российских центров сертификации в данной области, адаптировавших к своей деятельности зарубежный опыт аналогичных центров и международный стандарт сертификации персонала. Результаты. Рассмотрены и проанализированы различные варианты системы профессиональных компетенций (стандартов) педагога, а также модели независимой сертификации педагогов с точки зрения подходов, целей, задач и организационных форм, применяемых на территории ЕС, в США и Австралии. Научная новизна. Выявлены общие тенденции в процессах и процедурах сертификации педагогов в ряде зарубежных стран. Исходя из этого и в соответствии с требованиями профессионального стандарта «Педагог (педагогическая деятельность в сфере дошкольного, начального общего, основного общего, среднего общего образования) (воспитатель, учитель)» сформулированы рекомендации по созданию системы сертификации российских педагогических кадров. Практическая значимость. Результаты исследования могут быть задействованы при создании региональных центров независимой сертификации педагого