Comercialização do tambaqui Colossoma macropomum na cidade de Penedo/AL.

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Saturação por base sob diferentes sistemas de manejo do solo no Município de Redenção-PA.

A saturação por base é um importante índice de acidez do solo para estabelecer dosagens adequadas de calcário para as principais culturas anuais e estratégias de manejo para a produção agrícola, mostra ser uma excelente ferramenta na busca por produtividade com boa relação de custo/beneficio (Fageira, 2001). Em vista disso este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar os sistemas de manejo do solo sob os teores presente na saturação por bases no município de Redenção-PA. A área implantada o experimento teve aproximadamente 15 ha caracterizada como área de ?cerrado?. O experimento foi conduzido nos anos agrícolas 2001 á 2004. Foram coletadas amostras em duas profundidades: 0-5 e 5-10cm. Com os valores obtidos de CTC e soma de bases as análises foram submetidas a operações matemáticas para obtenção da saturação por bases (V%). Na camada 0-5 cm, o monocultivo de milho no ano 2003 (41,00%) diminuiu os valores de saturação por bases, igualando-se ano 2004 (42,00%). O plantio direto apresentou maiores valores médios de saturação por bases no ano 2004 (70,00%), diferindo dos anos anteriores. Maiores valores de (V) ocorre com o não revolvimento da camada superficial no SPD, leva a acumulação de vários nutrientes, próximo à superfície, e esta concentração é maior à medida que diminuem as perdas de nutrientes no solo, pelo tempo de utilização do uso da terra em sistemas conservacionistas como o plantio direto. O sistema de manejo plantio direto proporcionou aumento nos teores de saturação de bases ao longo dos quatro anos agrícolas, em comparação aos monocultivos

Comparative agronomical, phenological and molecular analyses between the grape variety 'Moscato branco' and accessions of Brazilian and French grape germplasm banks.

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Susceptibilidade de Aedes aegypti aos inseticidas temephos e cipermetrina, Brasil

Bioassays were performed in order to detect the susceptibility of Aedes aegypti to the chemical insecticides temephos and cypermethrin. The results showed that this species is susceptible to temephos and presents resistance to cypermethrin.Realizaram-se bioensaios para detectar a susceptibilidade de Aedes aegypti aos inseticidas químicos, temefós e cipermetrina. Os resultados mostraram que esta espécie é suscetível a temefós e apresenta resistência a cipermetrinae

Susceptibilidade de Aedes aegypti aos inseticidas temephos e cipermetrina, Brasil

Bioassays were performed in order to detect the susceptibility of Aedes aegypti to the chemical insecticides temephos and cypermethrin. The results showed that this species is susceptible to temephos and presents resistance to cypermethrin.Realizaram-se bioensaios para detectar a susceptibilidade de Aedes aegypti aos inseticidas químicos, temefós e cipermetrina. Os resultados mostraram que esta espécie é suscetível a temefós e apresenta resistência a cipermetrinae

Insulin modulates cytokine release and selectin expression in the early phase of allergic airway inflammation in diabetic rats

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Clinical and experimental data suggest that the inflammatory response is impaired in diabetics and can be modulated by insulin. The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of insulin on the early phase of allergic airway inflammation.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Diabetic male Wistar rats (alloxan, 42 mg/Kg, i.v., 10 days) and controls were sensitized by s.c. injection of ovalbumin (OA) in aluminium hydroxide 14 days before OA (1 mg/0.4 mL) or saline intratracheal challenge. The following analyses were performed 6 hours thereafter: a) quantification of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC)-1 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, b) expression of E- and P- selectins on lung vessels by immunohistochemistry, and c) inflammatory cell infiltration into the airways and lung parenchyma. NPH insulin (4 IU, s.c.) was given i.v. 2 hours before antigen challenge.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Diabetic rats exhibited significant reduction in the BALF concentrations of IL-1β (30%) and TNF-α (45%), and in the lung expression of P-selectin (30%) compared to non-diabetic animals. This was accompanied by reduced number of neutrophils into the airways and around bronchi and blood vessels. There were no differences in the CINC-1 levels in BALF, and E-selectin expression. Treatment of diabetic rats with NPH insulin, 2 hours before antigen challenge, restored the reduced levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and P-selectin, and neutrophil migration.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Data presented suggest that insulin modulates the production/release of TNF-α and IL-1β, the expression of P- and E-selectin, and the associated neutrophil migration into the lungs during the early phase of the allergic inflammatory reaction.</p

Performance of cryptococcal antigen lateral flow assay in serum, cerebrospinal fluid, whole blood, and urine in HIV-infected patients with culture-proven cryptococcal meningitis admitted at a Brazilian referral center

Cryptococcal meningitis is the most common cause of opportunistic meningitis in HIV-infected patients in Brazil and causes unacceptable high mortality rates. In this study, HIV-infected patients with a first episode of culture-proven cryptococcal meningitis in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were prospectively included in order to evaluate sensitivity of cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) lateral flow assay (LFA) in serum, CSF, whole blood (fingerstick), and fresh urine. In addition, HIV-infected patients with other neurological confirmed diseases were included in order to evaluate the specificity of CrAg LFA in serum. Twenty patients with cryptococcal meningitis were included and in 19 of them, CrAg LFA in CSF, serum, and whole blood were positive (95% sensitivity). In 18 patients, India ink test was positive in CSF (90% sensitivity), and in 16 cases, CrAg LFA was positive in urine (80% sensitivity). Thirty-six HIV-infected patients with other neurological diseases had negative results of CrAg LFA in serum (100% specificity). In conclusion, CrAg LFA in serum, CSF, and whole blood showed high sensitivity and specificity. Whole blood CrAg LFA seems to be a good and reliable strategy to improve AIDS-related cryptococcal meningitis diagnosis in Brazil

ANÁLISE SOCIOECONÔMICA DE AGRICULTORES DA COMUNIDADE QUILOMBOLA DO ABACATAL, ANANINDEUA, ESTADO DO PARÁ, BRASIL

The remnants of quilombolas form an ethnic and cultural group organized under a logic of extractive and agricultural economy coupled with the conception of common use of natural resources. This article evaluates the socio-economic and productive aspects of the quilombola community of Abacatal, Ananindeua, State of Pará. A field research was done using questionnaires with 39 workers. The results indicate that most farmers were born in the community, and have a low level of education, no higher than incomplete fundamental schooling. The families’ monthly income are low and supplemented by income transfer from the Federal Government. The residences have a good infrastructure, but the sanitation conditions are poor. Agricultural practices are traditional and have low-level technology, being developed in small areas. The main activity is fruit culture in 53.8%of the production units. Commercialization is done in a farmers’ market in Ananindeua. The access to services of technical assistance, rural extension and rural credit is incipient and restricts innovations in agricultural procedures. Near the urban center of Ananindeua, it suggests a need for alternative models of agriculture that permit to take advantage of market opportunities, but that respect local traditions and environmental conditions. The strengthening of the social capital and institutional actions constitute fundamental elements for sustainability of agriculture in this quilombola community.Keywords: Family agriculture; traditional communities; systems of production; social organization; Amazon.Os remanescentes de quilombos constituem grupo étnico e cultural organizado sob uma lógica de economia extrativista e agrícola combinada à concepção de uso comum dos recursos naturais. Neste artigo analisam-se os aspectos socioeconômicos e produtivos da comunidade quilombola do Abacatal, Ananindeua, estado do Pará. Foi realizada pesquisa de campo por meio de aplicação de questionários estruturados com 39 produtores. Os resultados indicam que a maioria nasceu na própria comunidade e possuem baixo nível de escolaridade, predominando o ensino fundamental incompleto. Os rendimentos mensais são baixos e complementados pelas políticas de transferência de renda do Governo Federal. As residências possuem boa infraestrutura, mas as condições gerais de saneamento ainda são precárias. As práticas agrícolas são tradicionais e de baixo nível tecnológico, sendo desenvolvidas em pequenas áreas. A principal atividade é a fruticultura desenvolvida em 53,8% das unidades de produção. A comercialização é realizada na feira do produtor em Ananindeua. O acesso aos serviços de assistência técnica, extensão rural e ao crédito rural é incipiente e limita inovações nas práticas agrícolas. A proximidade com o centro urbano de Ananindeua sugere a necessidade de modelos alternativos de agricultura que permitam aproveitar as oportunidades de mercado, mas que respeitem as tradições e as condições ambientais da localidade. O fortalecimento do capital social e de ações institucionais constitui elementos fundamentais para a sustentabilidade da agricultura nessa comunidade quilombola.Palavras-chave: agricultura familiar, comunidades tradicionais, sistemas de produção, organização social, Amazônia

Relationship between functional fitness, medication costs and mood in elderly people

Objective: to verify if functional fitness (FF) is associated with the annual cost of medication consumption and mood states (MSt) in elderly people. Methods: a cross-sectional study with 229 elderly people aged 65 years or more at Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Coimbra, Portugal. Seniors with physical and psychological limitations were excluded, as well as those using medication that limits performance on the tests. The Senior Fitness Test was used to evaluate FF, and the Profile of Mood States - Short Form to evaluate the MSt. The statistical analysis was based on Mancova, with adjustment for age, for comparison between men and women, and adjustment for sex, for comparison between cardiorespiratory fitness quintiles. The association between the variables under study was made with partial correlation, controlling for the effects of age, sex and body mass index. Results: an inverse correlation between cardiorespiratory fitness and the annual cost of medication consumption was found (p < 0.01). FF is also inversely associated with MSt (p < 0.05). Comparisons between cardiorespiratory fitness quintiles showed higher medication consumption costs in seniors with lower aerobic endurance, as well as higher deterioration in MSt (p < 0.01). Conclusion: elderly people with better FF and, specifically, better cardiorespiratory fitness present lower medication consumption costs and a more positive MSt