773 research outputs found
Movement and Aggregation of Eastern Hudson Bay Beluga Whales (Delphinapterus leucas): A Comparison of Patterns Found through Satellite Telemetry and Nunavik Traditional Ecological Knowledge
Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) consists of the collective knowledge, experience, and values of subsistence communities, while Western science relies on hypothesis testing to obtain information on natural processes. Both approaches provide important ecological information, but few studies have directly compared the two. We compared information on movements and aggregation of beluga whales obtained from TEK interview records (n = 3253) and satellite telemetry records of 30 whales tagged in eastern Hudson Bay, Canada, using geographic information system (GIS) approaches that allowed common formatting of the data sets. Estuarine centres of aggregation in the summer were evident in both data sets. The intensive use of offshore areas seen in the telemetry data, where 76% of the locations were more than 15 km from mainland Quebec, was not evident in the TEK data, where only 17% of the records indicated offshore locations. Morisita’s index of similarity indicated that TEK and telemetry data distributions varied with season, with the highest similarity in winter (0.74). Location and movement data from the telemetry study were limited by small sample size and short tag deployment times, while TEK data were biased by spatial coverage and coastal travel habits. Although the two data sets can provide complementary information, both suffer from weaknesses that need to be acknowledged when these data are adapted for use in resource management.Les connaissances écologiques traditionnelles (CÉT) consistent en l’ensemble des connaissances, de l’expérience et des valeurs des communautés de subsistance, tandis que la science occidentale s’appuie sur la mise à l’épreuve d’hypothèses dans le but d’obtenir de l’information sur les processus naturels. Bien que ces deux démarches permettent d’obtenir d’importants renseignements sur l’écologie, peu d’études ont établi une comparaison directe entre ces deux démarches. Nous avons comparé des données sur les mouvements et le rassemblement des bélugas, données obtenues à partir de CÉT prélevées au moyen d’entrevues (n = 3253) ainsi qu’à partir de résultats de télémétrie par satellite sur 30 baleines marquées dans l’est de la baie d’Hudson, au Canada, à l’aide de systèmes d’information géographique (SIG) qui ont permis le formatage commun des ensembles de données. Pendant l’été, les centres de rassemblement en estuaire étaient évidents dans les deux ensembles de données. L’utilisation intensive des zones au large en ce qui a trait aux données de télémétrie, où 76 % des localisations se situaient à plus de 15 km du continent québécois, n’était pas évidente dans le cas des données des CÉT, où seulement 17 % des résultats indiquaient des localisations au large. L’indice de similarité de Morisita indiquait que la répartition des données obtenues par CÉT et par télémétrie variait d’une saison à l’autre, la similarité la plus grande ayant été atteinte l’hiver (0,74). Les données de localisation et de mouvement découlant de l’étude de télémétrie étaient limitées par la petite taille de l’échantillon et les courtes durées de déploiement des étiquettes, tandis que les données provenant des CÉT étaient biaisées par l’espace à couvrir et les habitudes de déplacement sur la côte. Bien que les deux ensembles de données puissent fournir de l’information complémentaire, tous deux possèdent des faiblesses qu’il y a lieu de reconnaître lorsque ces données sont adaptées à des fins de gestion des ressources
“Either Everyone Was Guilty or Everyone Was Innocent”: The Italian Power Elite, Neopatrimonialism, and the Importance of Social Relations
Rarely does the Byzantine world of football administration get exposed as clearly as during the 2006 calciopoli scandal. This scandal laid bare the interpersonal relationships of football administrators at the top three Italian men’s football clubs: Juventus, Inter, and AC Milan. This article draws on the media leaks that revealed the inner workings of those working within football to argue that the football clubs are pyramids of power for club presidents that allows them to operate within the Italian power elite. This is done through interpersonal clientelistic networks that operate within a neopatrimonial system. Theoretically, this article draws on four main concepts: C. Wright Mills’s concept of the Power Elite, Lomnitz’s model of “Pyramids of Power,” Eisenstadt’s notion of neopatrimonialism, and Mauss’s utilization of the gift. Power is exercised through quid pro quo relationships, with certain key individuals operating as brokers to the flow of favors throughout the network
A search for W bb and W Higgs production in ppbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV
We present a search for W b \bar{b} production in p \bar{p} collisions at
sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV in events containing one electron, an imbalance in transverse
momentum, and two b-tagged jets. Using 174 pb-1 of integrated luminosity
accumulated by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron collider, and the
standard-model description of such events, we set a 95% C.L. upper limit on W b
\bar{b}WH--$135
GeV.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, submitted to Physical Review Letter
Measurement of Semileptonic Branching Fractions of B Mesons to Narrow D** States
Using the data accumulated in 2002-2004 with the DO detector in
proton-antiproton collisions at the Fermilab Tevatron collider with
centre-of-mass energy 1.96 TeV, the branching fractions of the decays B ->
\bar{D}_1^0(2420) \mu^+ \nu_\mu X and B -> \bar{D}_2^{*0}(2460) \mu^+ \nu_\mu X
and their ratio have been measured: BR(\bar{b}->B) \cdot BR(B-> \bar{D}_1^0
\mu^+ \nu_\mu X) \cdot BR(\bar{D}_1^0 -> D*- pi+) =
(0.087+-0.007(stat)+-0.014(syst))%; BR(\bar{b}->B)\cdot BR(B->D_2^{*0} \mu^+
\nu_\mu X) \cdot BR(\bar{D}_2^{*0} -> D*- \pi^+) =
(0.035+-0.007(stat)+-0.008(syst))%; and (BR(B -> \bar{D}_2^{*0} \mu^+ \nu_\mu
X)BR(D2*0->D*- pi+)) / (BR(B -> \bar{D}_1^{0} \mu^+ \nu_\mu X)\cdot
BR(\bar{D}_1^{0}->D*- \pi^+)) = 0.39+-0.09(stat)+-0.12(syst), where the charge
conjugated states are always implied.Comment: submitted to Phys. Rev. Let
Measurement of the Lifetime Difference in the B_s^0 System
We present a study of the decay B_s^0 -> J/psi phi We obtain the CP-odd
fraction in the final state at time zero, R_perp = 0.16 +/- 0.10 (stat) +/-
0.02 (syst), the average lifetime of the (B_s, B_sbar) system, tau (B_s^0)
=1.39^{+0.13}_{-0.16} (stat) ^{+0.01}_{-0.02} (syst) ps, and the relative width
difference between the heavy and light mass eigenstates, Delta Gamma/Gamma =
(Gamma_L - Gamma_H)/Gamma =0.24^{+0.28}_{-0.38} (stat) ^{+0.03}_{-0.04} (syst).
With the additional constraint from the world average of the B_s^0$lifetime
measurements using semileptonic decays, we find tau (B_s^0)= 1.39 +/- 0.06 ~ps
and Delta Gamma/\Gamma = 0.25^{+0.14}_{-0.15}. For the ratio of the B_s^0 and
B^0 lifetimes we obtain tau(B_s^0)/tau(B^0)} = 0.91 +/- 0.09 (stat) +/- 0.003
(syst).Comment: submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. FERMILAB-PUB-05-324-
Search for Large Extra Spatial Dimensions in Dimuon Production with the D0 Detector
We present the results of a search for the effects of large extra spatial
dimensions in collisions at 1.96 TeV in events
containing a pair of energetic muons. The data correspond to 246 \ipb of
integrated luminosity collected by the \D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron
Collider. Good agreement with the expected background was found, yielding no
evidence for large extra dimensions. We set 95% C.L. lower limits on the
fundamental Planck scale between 0.85 TeV and 1.27 TeV within several
formalisms. These are the most stringent limits achieved in the dimuon channel
to date.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Published in Phys. Rev. Lett. Minor
changes in v2 to match the published versio
Search for R-parity violating supersymmetry via the LLE couplings lambda_{121}, lambda_{122} or lambda_{133} in ppbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV
A search for gaugino pair production with a trilepton signature in the
framework of R-parity violating supersymmetry via the couplings lambda_121,
lambda_122, or lambda_133 is presented. The data, corresponding to an
integrated luminosity of L~360/pb, were collected from April 2002 to August
2004 with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider, at a
center-of-mass energy of sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV. This analysis considers final states
with three charged leptons with the flavor combinations eel, mumul, and eetau
(l=e or mu). No evidence for supersymmetry is found and limits at the 95%
confidence level are set on the gaugino pair production cross section and lower
bounds on the masses of the lightest neutralino and chargino are derived in two
supersymmetric models.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures (fig2 includes 3 subfigures
Search for right-handed W bosons in top quark decay
We present a measurement of the fraction f+ of right-handed W bosons produced
in top quark decays, based on a candidate sample of events in the
lepton+jets decay mode. These data correspond to an integrated luminosity of
230pb^-1, collected by the DO detector at the Fermilab Tevatron
Collider at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV. We use a constrained fit to reconstruct the
kinematics of the and decay products, which allows for the
measurement of the leptonic decay angle for each event. By comparing
the distribution from the data with those for the expected
background and signal for various values of f+, we find
f+=0.00+-0.13(stat)+-0.07(syst). This measurement is consistent with the
standard model prediction of f+=3.6x10^-4.Comment: Submitted to Physical Review D Rapid Communications 7 pages, 3
figure
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