Resiliencia, ansiedad y hábitos alimentarios de la población amazónica sur-oriente antes y durante la pandemia: Resilience, anxiety and eating habits of the south-east amazon population before and during the pandemic

Objective: To determine the relationship between resilience, anxiety and eating habits of the south-eastern Amazonian population before and during the pandemic in 2020. Methods: Relational, quantitative and qualitative descriptive, the sample consisted of 150 inhabitants aged 30 to 45 years. The instrument used was the STAI: state-trait anxiety inventory, the data were processed with SPSS-25, analysis of significance and difference of means was performed, non-parametric test and post-test significant differences (Wilcoxon test for related samples ). Results: In adults, State-Trait Anxiety was greater than 65%, a bilateral significance of p = 0.01 was obtained, indicating that anxiety was related to resilience. Food consumption before the pandemic was classified: natural 60%, processed 40% and ultra-processed 0%; During confinement, the consumption of processed foods was 53.33% and ultra-processed 20%. The level of food consumption before and during the pandemic shows a difference, being significant of p <5%. The level of anxiety before and during the pandemic, obtaining a significant of p <5%. Conclusions: State-Trait Anxiety was greater than 65% in adults. Anxiety was related to resilience. There is a significant difference in the type of food consumed, in anxiety levels, before and during the Covid-19 pandemic, in the inhabitants of the South-Eastern Amazon. The consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods, before the pandemic, was 40% and during the pandemic this consumption has increased to 73%, therefore the consumption of food was high in fat and sugar content.Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre la resiliencia, la ansiedad y los hábitos alimentarios de la población amazónica sur-oriente antes y durante la pandemia en el año 2020. Métodos: Descriptivo relacional, cuantitativo y cualitativo, la muestra fue de 150 pobladores amazónicos adultos cuyas edades son de 30 a 45 años. El instrumento utilizado fue el STAI: Inventario de ansiedad estad-rasgo, los datos fueron procesados con SPSS- 25, se realizo análisis de significancia y diferencia de medias, prueba no paramétrica de test y post test diferencias significativas (Prueba de Wilcoxon para muestras relacionadas). Resultados: En los adultos la Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo fue mayor al 65%, se obtuvo una significancia bilateral de p=0,01, indicando que la ansiedad estuvo relacionada con la resiliencia. El consumo de alimentos antes de la pandemia, estuvo clasificado: natural 60%, procesado 40% y ultra procesado 0%; durante el confinamiento, el consumo de alimentos procesados fue 53,33% y ultraprocesados 20%.El nivel consumo de alimentos antes y durante la pandemia, muestra una diferencia, siendo significativa de p <5%. El nivel de ansiedad antes y durante la pandemia, obteniendo una significativa de p <5%. Conclusiones: La Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo fue mayor al 65% en adultos. La ansiedad estuvo relacionada con la capacidad resilente. Existe diferencia significativa en el tipo de alimentos consumidos, en los niveles de ansiedad, antes y durante la pandemia Covid-19, en los pobladores de la Amazonia Sur-Oriente. El consumo de alimentos procesados y ultra procesados, antes de la pandemia, fue del 40% y durante la pandemia este consumo se ha incrementado al 73%, por tanto, el consumo de alimentos se elevó en alto contenido de grasas y azucares

Glucosinolate content and myrosinase activity evolution in three maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp.) ecotypes during preharvest, harvest and postharvest drying

The authors are thankful to Ecoandino s.a.c for the maca material. This research was supported by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONCYTEC), Peru.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte

Washing effect on the quality index method (QIM) developed for raw gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

The effect produced on the evolution of the quality index by washing gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) with tap water during storage and whether it affects other fish quality parameters such as the K value, the microbial load and sensory evaluation of cooked fillets is examined. The results indicate that washing reduced the demerit points assigned when the raw gilthead seabream was evaluated with the QIM. The maximum allowable score for this species was not reached in the washed fish even when the storage period set on the basis of both sensory and microbiological considerations was exceeded. Washing caused no significant differences with respect to unwashed fish in the evolution of the K value or in the sensory evaluation of the cooked fillets. On the other hand, washing delayed the limit of microbiological acceptability. © Springer-Verlag 2001.This study was supported by the EU FAIR CT 97–3127 (FAQUWEL) and the Spanish ALI99–1262-CE projectsPeer Reviewe

Microflora of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) stored in ice. Effect of washing

The microflora of farmed gilthead seabream stored in ice and the effect of washing of the fish with tap water were examined in different culture media and incubation temperatures. Washing reduced the number of microorganisms in all culture conditions studied. For unwashed and washed lots the highest number of bacteria were obtained on spread plates in Iron Agar + 0.5% NaCl incubated at 15 °C, H2S-producing microorganisms constituting a high percentage of the total flora. The correlation, up to the sensory rejection point, between bacterial counts and sensory score for the raw fish varied with washing and with the culture conditions, and was higher for the H2S-producing microorganisms. © Springer-Verlag 2002.Peer Reviewe

Green taxation and environmental sustainability

This book explores the critical issue of how taxes can be applied across relevant environmental issues -- including transport, nuclear power, and water and waste management -- to achieve sustainability. Containing topical chapters written by environmental experts, the book covers a number of key issues, including interaction of biofuels and EU state aid rules; territorial differences for transport fuel demand; electric vehicles, taxation and electricity transmission; public policy issues on the disposal of high-level radioactive waste in Japan; landfill and waste incineration taxes; as well as many other topics.283 page(s

Modelo de simulación de apendicectomía abierta en la educación virtual para estudiantes de medicina durante la pandemia de COVID-19

Objective: To evaluate the skills achieved by the undergraduate medical student in performing an open appendectomy and purse string in the simulation model created, to evaluate the degree of satisfaction of its use and to determine its costs. Method: Pre-experimental, prospective and longitudinal study. The skills achieved by 24 undergraduate medical students in performing an open appendectomy and purse string in the simulator were evaluated using the OSATS (Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills) through virtual teaching. A survey was conducted to the students to evaluate the simulator and its costs were determined. Results: There was a significant increase in the OSATS of the skills achieved, from 7 (pre-test) to 26 ± 5.71 points (final post-test) (p = 0.0001) and reduction in the operative time from 12 ± 3.81 minutes (first post-test) to 8 ± 2.02 minutes (final post-test) (p = 0.0001). 41% of the students were totally satisfied with the achievements obtained and 59% partially satisfied. The cost of the simulator was 4.64 USD. Conclusions: The students achieved an improvement in their skills in the surgical technique. This simulation model is low cost and presents an adequate level in the satisfaction of the achievements obtained by the students.Objetivo: Evaluar las competencias logradas por estudiantes de medicina en la realización de una apendicectomía abierta y jareta en el modelo de simulación creado, evaluar el grado de satisfacción de su uso y determinar sus costos. Método: Estudio preexperimental de grupo único, prospectivo y longitudinal. Se evaluaron las competencias logradas por 24 alumnos de pregrado de medicina en la realización de una apendicectomía abierta y jareta en el simulador, mediante las pautas OSATS (Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills) a través de enseñanza virtual. Se realizó una encuesta a los alumnos para evaluar el simulador y se determinaron sus costos. Resultados: Hubo un incremento significativo en las pautas OSATS de las competencias logradas de 7 (pre-test) a 26 ± 5.71 puntos (pos-test final) (p = 0.0001) y una reducción del tiempo operatorio de 12 ± 3.81 minutos (primer pos-test) a 8 ± 2.02 minutos (pos-test final) (p = 0.0001). El 41% de los alumnos estuvieron totalmente satisfechos con los logros obtenidos y el 59% parcialmente satisfechos. El costo del simulador fue de 4.64 dólares americanos. Conclusiones: Los estudiantes lograron una mejora de sus competencias en la técnica quirúrgica. Este modelo de simulación es de bajo costo y presenta un nivel adecuado en la satisfacción de los logros obtenidos por los alumnos

Consequences of frozen storage for nutritional value of hake

Differences between fresh and frozen hake muscle in which proteins were highly aggregated during frozen storage, and their relationship with nutritional quality are evaluated. The differences between fresh and frozen muscle proteins were studied on the basis of protein solubility, type and state of muscle aggregation and amino acid composition. Nutritional value was determined by nitrogen balance and amino acid composition in the blood. The high level of aggregation in the frozen muscle was due mainly to disulfide and other covalent bonds. Lysine diminished in frozen muscle and in plasma. Although in frozen fish muscle, proteins were highly aggregated even by disulfide and nondisulfide covalent bonds, nitrogen balance in fresh and frozen fish was similar. © 1999 Aspen Publishers, Inc.Peer Reviewe