1,309 research outputs found
Guiding of Rydberg atoms in a high-gradient magnetic guide
We study the guiding of Rb 59D Rydberg atoms in a linear,
high-gradient, two-wire magnetic guide. Time delayed microwave ionization and
ion detection are used to probe the Rydberg atom motion. We observe guiding of
Rydberg atoms over a period of 5 ms following excitation. The decay time of the
guided atom signal is about five times that of the initial state. We attribute
the lifetime increase to an initial phase of -changing collisions and
thermally induced Rydberg-Rydberg transitions. Detailed simulations of Rydberg
atom guiding reproduce most experimental observations and offer insight into
the internal-state evolution
Telecommunications and data acquisition support for the Pioneer Venus Project: Pioneers 12 and 13, prelaunch through March 1984
The support provided by the Telecommunications and Data Acquisition organization of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) to the Pioneer Venus missions is described. The missions were the responsibility of the Ames Research Center (ARC). The Pioneer 13 mission and its spacecraft design presented one of the greatest challenges to the Deep Space Network (DSN) in the implementation and operation of new capabilities. The four probes that were to enter the atmosphere of Venus were turned on shortly before arrival at Venus, and the DSN had to acquire each of these probes in order to recover the telemetry being transmitted. Furthermore, a science experiment involving these probes descending through the atmosphere required a completed new data type to be generated at the ground stations. This new data type is known as the differential very long baseline interferometry. Discussions between ARC and JPL of the implementation requirements involved trade-offs in spacecraft design and led to a very successful return of science data. Specific implementation and operational techniques are discussed, not only for the prime mission, but also for the extended support to the Pioneer 12 spacecraft (in orbit around Venus) with its science instruments including that for radar observations of the planet
Winners and Losers: Formula versus Competitive Funding of Agricultural Research
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, O3, O4, Q16,
Tracking and Data System Support for the Mariner Venus/Mercury 1973 Project
The Tracking and Data System, which provided outstanding support to the Mariner Venus/Mercury 1973 project during the period from January 1970 through March 1975 are chronologically described. In the Tracking and Data System organizations, plans, processes, and technical configurations, which were developed and employed to facilitate achievement of mission objectives, are described. In the Deep Space Network position of the tracking and data system, a number of special actions were taken to greatly increase the scientific data return and to assist the project in coping with in-flight problems. The benefits of such actions were high; however, there was also a significant increase in risk as a function of the experimental equipment and procedures required
Students’ Use of Symmetry with Gauss’s Law
To study introductory student difficulties with electrostatics, we compared student techniques when finding the electric field for spherically symmetric and non-spherically symmetric charged conductors. We used short interviews to design a free-response and multiple-choice-multiple-response survey that was administered to students in introductory calculus-based courses. We present the survey results and discuss them in light of Singh\u27s results for Gauss\u27s Law, Collins and Ferguson\u27s epistemic forms and games, and Tuminaro\u27s extension of games and frames
Assigning channels via the meet-in-the-middle approach
We study the complexity of the Channel Assignment problem. By applying the
meet-in-the-middle approach we get an algorithm for the -bounded Channel
Assignment (when the edge weights are bounded by ) running in time
. This is the first algorithm which breaks the
barrier. We extend this algorithm to the counting variant, at the
cost of slightly higher polynomial factor.
A major open problem asks whether Channel Assignment admits a -time
algorithm, for a constant independent of . We consider a similar
question for Generalized T-Coloring, a CSP problem that generalizes \CA. We
show that Generalized T-Coloring does not admit a
-time algorithm, where is the
size of the instance.Comment: SWAT 2014: 282-29
Effect of baryon density on parton production, chemical equilibration and thermal photon emission from quark gluon plasma
The effect of baryon density on parton production processes of
and is studied
using full phase space distribution function and also with inclusion of quantum
statistics i.e. Pauli blocking and Bose enhancement factors, in the case of
both saturated and unsaturated quark gluon plasma. The rate for the process is found to be much less as compared to the most
commonly used factorized result obtained on the basis of classical
approximation. This discrepancy, which is found both at zero as well as at
finite baryon densities, however, is not due to the lack of quantum statistics
in the classical approximation, rather due to the use of Fermi-Dirac and
Bose-Einstein distribution functions for partons instead of Boltzmann
distribution which is appropriate under such approximation. Interestingly, the
rates of parton production are found to be insensitive to the baryo-chemical
potential particularly when the plasma is unsaturated although the process of
chemical equilibration strongly depends on it. The thermal photon yields, have
been calculated specifically from unsaturated plasma at finite baryon density.
The exact results obtained numerically are found to be in close agreement with
the analytic expression derived using factorized distribution functions
appropriate for unsaturated plasma. Further, it is shown that in the case of
unsaturated plasma, the thermal photon production is enhanced with increasing
baryon density both at fixed temperature and fixed energy density of the quark
gluon plasma.Comment: Latex, 24 pages, 6 postscript figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev.
Performances of multi-gap timing RPCs for relativistic ions in the range Z=1-6
We present the performance of Multi-gap timing RPCs under irradiation by
fully stripped relativistic ions (gamma*beta=2.7, Z=1-6). A time resolution of
80 ps at high efficiency has been obtained by just using standard `off the
shelf' 4-gap timing RPCs from the new HADES ToF wall. The resolution worsened
to 100 ps for ~ 1 kHz/cm2 proton flux and for ~ 100 Hz/cm2 Carbon flux. The
chambers were operated at a standard field of E=100 kV/cm and showed a high
stability during the experiment, supporting the fact that RPCs are a convenient
choice when accommodating a very broad range of ionizing particles is needed.
The data provides insight in the region of very highly ionizing particles (up
to x 36 mips) and can be used to constrain the existing avalanche and
Space-Charge models far from the usual `mip valley'. The implications of these
results for the general case of detection based on secondary processes (n,
gamma) resulting in highly ionizing particles with characteristic energy
distributions will be discussed, together with the nature of the time-charge
correlation curve.Comment: 31 pages, 19 figures, submitted to JINS
Electromagnetic Calorimeter for HADES
We propose to build the Electromagnetic calorimeter for the HADES di-lepton
spectrometer. It will enable to measure the data on neutral meson production
from nucleus-nucleus collisions, which are essential for interpretation of
dilepton data, but are unknown in the energy range of planned experiments (2-10
GeV per nucleon). The calorimeter will improve the electron-hadron separation,
and will be used for detection of photons from strange resonances in elementary
and HI reactions.
Detailed description of the detector layout, the support structure, the
electronic readout and its performance studied via Monte Carlo simulations and
series of dedicated test experiments is presented.
The device will cover the total area of about 8 m^2 at polar angles between
12 and 45 degrees with almost full azimuthal coverage. The photon and electron
energy resolution achieved in test experiments amounts to 5-6%/sqrt(E[GeV])
which is sufficient for the eta meson reconstruction with S/B ratio of 0.4% in
Ni+Ni collisions at 8 AGeV. A purity of the identified leptons after the hadron
rejection, resulting from simulations based on the test measurements, is better
than 80% at momenta above 500 MeV/c, where time-of-flight cannot be used.Comment: 40 pages, 38 figures version2 - the time schedule added, information
about PMTs in Sec.III update
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