The relation between anger coping strategies, anger mood and somatic complaints in children and adolescents

Attempts to explain the experience of somatic complaints among children and adolescents suggest that they may in part result from the influence of particular strategies for coping with anger on the longevity of negative emotions. To explore these relationships British (n = 393) and Dutch (n = 299) children completed a modified version of the Behavioral Anger Response Questionnaire (BARQ), and two additional questionnaires assessing anger mood and somatic complaints. A hierarchical regression analysis showed that for both the UK and Dutch samples two coping styles, Social support-seeking and Rumination, made a significant contribution to somatic complaints, over and above the variance explained by anger mood. A tendency to repeatedly think or talk about an angering event as a way of coping seems to underlie the observed negative health effects. In addition, tentative support is given for a broader range of strategies to cope with anger than just the traditionally studied anger-out and anger-in styles. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

Brine recovery from hypersaline wastewaters from table olive processing by combination of biological treatment and membrane technologies

[EN] The fermentation brines from table olive processing (FTOP) are hypersaline effluents (conductivities higher than 75 mS·cm-1) with high organic matter concentrations (COD around 10 g·L-1), which also include phenolic compounds (between 700 and 1500 mg TY·L-1). In this work, an integrated process for the FTOP reuse as brine in the table olive processing has been evaluated. This integrated process consisted of a biological treatment followed by a membrane system, which included ultrafiltration (UF) plus nanofiltration (NF). The biological treatment was carried out by 6 L laboratory sequencing batch reactor (SBR). UF and NF were performed in laboratory plants for flat membranes of 0.0125 and 0.0072 m2, respectively. Each stream generated during the FTOP treatment (SBR effluent, and UF and NF permeates) were evaluated. The SBR eliminated around 80% of COD and 71% of total phenols concentration. In the final NF permeate the COD concentration was lower than 125 mg·L-1; while the turbidity, colour and phenolic compounds, were completely removed.The authors of this work thank the financial support of CDTI (Centre for Development Technological Industrial) depending on the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation.Ferrer-Polonio, E.; Carbonell Alcaina, C.; Mendoza Roca, JA.; Iborra Clar, A.; Alvarez Blanco, S.; Bes-Piá, M.; Pastor Alcañiz, L. (2017). Brine recovery from hypersaline wastewaters from table olive processing by combination of biological treatment and membrane technologies. Journal of Cleaner Production. 142:1377-1386. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.11.169S1377138614

Chapitre 14: Phytopathogènes et stratégies de contrôle en aquaponie

peer reviewedAmong the diversity of plant diseases occurring in aquaponics, soil-borne pathogens, such as Fusarium spp., Phytophthora spp. and Pythium spp., are the most problematic due to their preference for humid/aquatic environment conditions. Phytophthora spp. and Pythium spp. which belong to the Oomycetes pseudo-fungi require special attention because of their mobile form of dispersion, the so-called zoospores that can move freely and actively in liquid water. In coupled aquaponics, curative methods are still limited because of the possible toxicity of pesticides and chemical agents for fish and beneficial bacteria (e.g. nitrifying bacteria of the biofilter). Furthermore, the development of biocontrol agents for aquaponic use is still at its beginning. Consequently, ways to control the initial infection and the progression of a disease are mainly based on preventive actions and water physical treatments. However, suppressive action (suppression) could happen in aquaponic environment considering recent papers and the suppressive activity already highlighted in hydroponics. In addition, aquaponic water contains organic matter that could promote establishment and growth of heterotrophic bacteria in the system or even improve plant growth and viability directly. With regards to organic hydroponics (i.e. use of organic fertilisation and organic plant media), these bacteria could act as antagonist agents or as plant defence elicitors to protect plants from diseases. In the future, research on the disease suppressive ability of the aquaponic biotope must be increased, as well as isolation, characterisation and formulation of microbial plant pathogen antagonists. Finally, a good knowledge in the rapid identification of pathogens, combined with control methods and diseases monitoring, as recommended in integrated plant pest management, is the key to an efficient control of plant diseases in aquaponics.Cos

Inactivation of bacteria using ultraviolet irradiation in a recirculating salmonid culture system

AbstractThe objective of this research was to determine the ultraviolet (UV) irradiation dosages required to inactivate bacteria in a commercial-scale recirculating salmonid culture system. Research was conducted in the commercial-scale recirculating system used for Arctic char growout at the Conservation Fund Freshwater Institute (Shepherdstown, West Virginia). This recirculating system uses a UV channel unit to treat 100% of the 4750L/min recirculating water flow with an approximately 100–120mWs/cm2 UV irradiation dose. However, a second UV irradiation unit was operated at a constant intensity to treat a side-stream flow of water pumped from the commercial-scale recirculating system's low head oxygenator (LHO) sump. The side-stream water flow ranged from 0.15–3.8% (i.e., 7–180L/min) of the entire recirculating flow so as to regulate the water retention time (i.e., from 3–70s) within the UV irradiation unit and thus produce a range of UV irradiation doses (mWs/cm2). UV irradiation doses of approximately 75, 150, 300, 500, 980, and 1800mWs/cm2 were applied to determine the dose required to inactivate total heterotrophic bacteria and total coliform bacteria. Total heterotrophic bacteria counts and total coliform bacteria counts were measured immediately before and immediately after the side-stream UV irradiation unit. Total heterotrophic bacteria in the recirculating system required a UV dosage in excess of 1800mWs/cm2 to achieve a not quite 2 LOG10 reduction (i.e., a 98.0±0.4% reduction). In contrast, total coliform bacteria were more susceptible to UV inactivation and complete inactivation of coliform bacteria was consistently achieved at the lowest UV dose applied, i.e., at approximately 77mWs/cm2. These results suggest that: (1) the UV dose required to inactivate total heterotrophic bacteria—and thus disinfect a recirculating water flow—was nearly 60 times greater than the 30mWs/cm2 dose typically recommended in aquaculture and (2) inactivating 100% of bacteria in a given flow can be difficult, even at excessive UV doses, because UV irradiation cannot always penetrate particulate matter to reach embedded bacteria. We present a hypothesis that the recirculating system provided a selection process that favors bacteria that embed within particulate matter or that form bacterial aggregates that provides shading from some of the UV irradiation, because the bacteria in the recirculating water were exposed to approximately 100–120mWs/cm2 of UV irradiation every 30min