Asthenopia Pada Pekerja Wanita Di Call Centre-x

. Nowdays, computers have been used widely in every kind of occupation. One of the health problems of the computer using is eyestrain or asthenopia. Some experts have tried to correlate the exposure of Video Display Terminal (VDT) with the occurrence of asthenopia but until present there is no database about the prevelance of computer operators found they more easily become asthenopic. The complain of asthenopia itself is subjective and varies in every individual and therefore one measureable objective value is needed to determine the occurrence of the asthenopia case itself.The design of the study was using "pre and post test", it involved 72 subjects in "X"-call centre and using photostress test to measure objectively the occurrence ofasthenopia by measuring the increasing of Macular Recovery Time (MKT) before and after working.The average shift of MKT was about 2.98 ± 3.57 second within 68.1 % of thesubjects, which were evaluated after 4-hour working time with their VDT. The distance between the eyes to VDT and the satisfaction with the working shift arrangement had significant correlation with the occurrence of asthenopia. There was significant correlation between subjective complaints such as pain within the area around the eyes,headache and dry eyes due to increasing of the MR

A Fabry-Perot interferometer with quantum mirrors: nonlinear light transport and rectification

Optical transport represents a natural route towards fast communications, and it is currently used in large scale data transfer. The progressive miniaturization of devices for information processing calls for the microscopic tailoring of light transport and confinement at length scales appropriate for the upcoming technologies. With this goal in mind, we present a theoretical analysis of a one-dimensional Fabry-Perot interferometer built with two highly saturable nonlinear mirrors: a pair of two-level systems. Our approach captures non-linear and non-reciprocal effects of light transport that were not reported previously. Remarkably, we show that such an elementary device can operate as a microscopic integrated optical rectifier

Asymptotic Symmetries of Maxwell Chern-Simons Gravity with Torsion

We present a three-dimensional Chern-Simons gravity based on a deformation of the Maxwell algebra. This symmetry allows introduction of a non-vanishing torsion to the Maxwell Chern-Simons theory, whose action recovers the Mielke-Baelker model for particular values of the coupling constants. By considering suitable boundary conditions, we show that the asymptotic symmetry is given by the $\widehat{\mathfrak{bms}}_3\oplus\mathfrak{vir}$ algebra with three independent central charges.Comment: 18 page

Feeding practices and nutritional status of infants in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania

Breast feeding practice especially exclusive breast feeding (EBF) is a major determinant of child growth and development. In Tanzania, most women breastfeed their infants for long periods, but many introduce alternative feeding too early in life. The objective of this study was to determine factors affecting EBF and the relationship between feeding practices and the nutritional status of infants. This cross-sectional survey, using a semi-structured questionnaire, was conducted in Morogoro Municipality in Tanzania. The study involved lactating women recruited from five randomly selected health facilities. Demographic, clinical, knowledge and practices related to infant feeding as well as infant anthropometric information were collected. Infant nutritional status was assessed based on weight-for-age, height-for-age and weight- for- height. There were wide variations in knowledge and practice of breastfeeding among women. Majority (92%) of the respondents gave colostrums to infants although more than 50% did not know its benefits. Eight percent of the respondents discarded colostrums on the account that it is not good for their neonates. Only 23.1% of the respondents thought that infants should be breastfed exclusively during the first six months of infancy. Ninety–eight percent of infants < 1 month of age received breast milk only, compared with 28.5% of infants aged 2-3 months and 22.3% among those who were above 3 months of age. No child in the ≥4 months old was exclusively breastfed. Over 80% of the infants had normal weights, 13% were stunted and 8% wasted. EBF was associated with higher scores for height- for- age Z (P<0.05) and weight- for- height Z (P<0.01). Age, education level and occupation of respondents were important predictors of EBF. Overall, breast feeding practices in the study population were largely suboptimal. As a result, considerable proportions of children had poor health indicators. Thus, correct breastfeeding practices should be supported and promoted to improve the well-being of children

Konversi Lahan Pertanian Produktif Akibat Pertumbuhan Lahan Terbangun Di Kecamatan Kota Sumenep

Penelitian tentang konversi lahan pertanian produktif akibat pertumbuhan lahan terbangun di Kota Sumenep bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik Perubahan tutupan lahan, faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan konversi lahan pertanian produktif, faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan petani menjual lahannya, serta dampak konversi lahan pertanian produktif terhadap nilai ekonomi produksi tanaman pangan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan alat analisis berupa analisis tutupan lahan, analisis Perubahan tutupan lahan, analisis faktor dan analisis produktifitas yang hilang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pertumbuhan luas lahan terbangun dan penurunan luas lahan tidak terbangun. Semakin tinggi pertumbuhan luas lahan terbangun, maka semakin menyusut luas lahan tidak terbangun yang tersedia. Dari data klasifikasi tutupan lahan terlihat bahwa lahan terbangun mengalami peningkatan luas sekitar 9,15 Ha setiap tahunnya dan sebaliknya lahan tidak terbangun mengalami penurunan luas sekitar 9,15 Ha setiap tahunnya. Dari hasil analisis faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan konversi lahan diperoleh enam variabel yang berpengaruh, yaitu lokasi lahan, saluran irigasi, himpitan ekonomi, pertambahan penduduk, kebutuhan tempat tinggal. Sedangkan hasil dari analisis faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan petani menjual lahannya diperoleh enam variabel yang berpengaruh, yaitu luas lahan, pengaruh pihak swasta, generasi muda, tuntutan kebutuhan hidup, tanggungan keluarga, serta kebijakan dan peraturan pemerintah. Untuk dampak konversi lahan terhadap nilai ekonomi produksi tanaman pangan diketahui bahwa selama kurun waktu 5 tahun (2010-2014) diperkirakan telah terjadi Perubahan guna lahan pertanian produktif menjadi lahan non pertanian dan berdampak terhadap hilangnya penerimaan dari USAha tani padi sebesar Rp 799.839.797

First isolation and identification of Vibrio vulnificus (biotype 2) from cultured beluga, huso huso in Iran

By decreasing sturgeon stocks in the Caspian Sea, rearing different sturgeon species especially Huso huso was increased in Iran. Under stress conditions the sturgeon can easily be infected by several opportunistic pathogens. In June 2011, mortality happened in 25 - 28°C water temperature, in one of the most important cultured sturgeon farms in Mazandaran province, north of Iran. The mortality rate was 15%. The first clinical signs in moribund fish were lethargy and anorexia. A total of 20 moribund fish was transferred to a central laboratory for more bacteriological examination. Clinical signs including several deep ulcers on body surface, around the head, under operculum, ulcers at the base of the pectoral fins, hemorrhage around the anus, operculum, and pale gills were observed in moribund fish. The main internal signs were hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, liquid accumulation in the intestine and diffuse visceral hemorrhage. The results of morphology and microscopic characterizations and also biochemical tests indicated that Vibrio vulnificus (biotype 2) was the etiological agent of mortality in infected fish. This study was the first report of V. vulnificus in cultured H. huso in Iran

Antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of nisin Z and sodium benzoate in vacuum packed Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii) fillet stored at 4°C

This study was done to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of nisin Z (0.02 %) and sodium benzoate (1.5 and 2.5 %) in vacuum packed Caspian Kutum (Rutilus frisii) fillet stored at 4°C. Microbial changes [aerobic plate counts (APC), psychrotrophic counts (PTC) and lactic acid bacteria] and chemical indices [peroxide value and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N)] were determined in days 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16. Results showed that PV and TVB-N in control samples (the sample dipped in prechilled distilled water) were deteriorated after 12 days compared to preserved samples which were acceptable after 16 days. Microbial tests indicated that control samples contained APC and PTC bacteria in day 16 more than standard limit, whereas treatment samples were in the acceptable range. In case of lactic acid bacteria, after 16 days, all samples were in the acceptable range. Results of chemical and microbial analysis showed that simultaneous use of nisin Z and sodium benzoate could increase the shelf life of vacuum packed R. frisii

Effects of soy protein base diet supplemented with lysine and methionine on digestive enzymes activity and hematological parameters in silvery-black porgy (Sparidentex hasta) juveniles

The effect of dietary partial replacement of fish meal (FM) by soybean protein (SP) alone or in combination with lysine (Lys) and methionine (Met) supplementation were tested in a 60-days feeding trial for silvery-black porgy (Sparidentex hasta) juveniles. Seven isoproteic (ca. 50% crude protein) and isoenergetic (ca. 22.4 MJ/kg) diets were formulated in which 45% (SP45), 60% (SP60) and 75% (SP75) of FM protein were replaced by SP and the control diet (FM) was prepared with FM as the major source of protein. In SP45+, SP60+ and SP75+ diets, 45 to 75% of FM was replaced by SP with supplementing blends of Lys and Met (98% of purity). The activities of the trypsin, lipase and α-amylase were higher in fish fed SP diets with crystalline amino acids supplementation than in the other groups (P < 0.05). Fish fed SP75 and SP75+ diets had the lowest red blood cell count and hematocrit level (P < 0.05). The results of the current study indicated that anti-nutritional factors in a soy-protein based diet rather than lysine and methionine deficiencies may have adverse effects on digestive enzymes activities and health condition in silvery-black porgy juveniles.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A nanoflare model for active region radiance: application of artificial neural networks

Context. Nanoflares are small impulsive bursts of energy that blend with and possibly make up much of the solar background emission. Determining their frequency and energy input is central to understanding the heating of the solar corona. One method is to extrapolate the energy frequency distribution of larger individually observed flares to lower energies. Only if the power law exponent is greater than 2, is it considered possible that nanoflares contribute significantly to the energy input. Aims. Time sequences of ultraviolet line radiances observed in the corona of an active region are modelled with the aim of determining the power law exponent of the nanoflare energy distribution. Methods. A simple nanoflare model based on three key parameters (the flare rate, the flare duration time, and the power law exponent of the flare energy frequency distribution) is used to simulate emission line radiances from the ions Fe XIX, Ca XIII, and Si iii, observed by SUMER in the corona of an active region as it rotates around the east limb of the Sun. Light curve pattern recognition by an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) scheme is used to determine the values. Results. The power law exponents, alpha 2.8, 2.8, and 2.6 for Fe XIX, Ca XIII, and Si iii respectively. Conclusions. The light curve simulations imply a power law exponent greater than the critical value of 2 for all ion species. This implies that if the energy of flare-like events is extrapolated to low energies, nanoflares could provide a significant contribution to the heating of active region coronae.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure