Diversity and frequency of amphibian anomalies in semi-natural and anthropogenic habitats in the carpathian basin

Amphibian anomalies have been reported for a long time, with the first description dating back to the eighteenth century, when Vallisneri described an individual with five legs in Italy (1733). In recent times mass deformities have been the focus of herpetological research in the Northern Hemisphere for various reasons (pollution: see e. g. Flyaks, Borkin, 2004, parasite infection: see e. g. Johnson, Hartson, 2009, urban effects: see e. g. Vershinin, 1989).Аномалии амфибий отмечаются исследователями в течение продолжительного периода времени – первые упоминания относятся к XVIII в., когда Vallisneri описал особь с пятью ногами в Италии (1733). В последнее время массовые аномалии находятся в центре внимания герпетологических исследований в северном полушарии по различным причинам (загрязнение: см., напр., Johnson, Hartson, 2009; паразитарная инфекция: Johnson, Hartson, 2009; влияние урбанизации: Vershinin, 1989).The author thanks all co-workers who participated in the collection and analysis of data during the last two decades

New Discoveries in the Realm of Metal–Metal Multiple Bonds:[η5-(C5Me5)Co2], the First Organometallic Multiple-Bond Complex without Bridging Ligands

Double bond, yes or no? That is the poignant question in the case of the complex [Cp*CoCoCp*] prepared by J.J. Schneider et al. The Co-Co distance and the number of electrons suggest a double bond, while the H-1-NMR spectrum and the poor reactivity toward C2H4 and CO would suggest the contrary. Nevertheless, with this unbridged complex, the prerequisite for the synthesis of further such compounds and for studying the properties of these multibond systems was realized

Generation of high-order optical vortices using directly machined spiral phase mirrors

We report on the generation of high-order optical vortices by spiral phase mirrors. The phase mirrors are produced by direct machining with a diamond tool and are shown to produce high-quality optical vortices with topological charges ranging from 1 to 1000 at a wavelength of 532 nm. The direct machining technique is flexible and offers the promise of high-precision, large-diameter spiral phase mirrors that are compatible with high optical powers.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

The Effective temperature scale of M dwarfs from spectral synthesis

We present a comparison of low-resolution spectra of 60 stars covering the whole M-dwarf sequence. Using the most recent PHOENIX BT-Settl stellar model atmospheres (see paper by F. Allard, in this book) we do a first quantitative compari- son to our observed spectra in the wavelength range 550-950 nm. We perform a first confrontation between models and observations and we assign an effective tempera- tures to the observed M-dwarfs. Teff-spectral type relations are then compared with the published ones. This comparison also aims at improving the models' opacities.Comment: To be published in the on-line version of the Proceedings of Cool Stars 16 (ASP Conference Series) New version with bibliography correcte

Low-Cost High-Sensitivity Strain and Temperature Sensing Using Graded-Index Multimode Fibers

We report a low-loss, low-cost high-sensitivity all-fiber strain and temperature sensor based on mode interference in graded-index multimode fibers. Blueshifts with strain and temperature sensitivities of 18.6 pm/microstrain and 58.5 pm/°C have been observed. Experimental results show that smaller core diameter graded-index fibers display greater strain-induced peak wavelength shifts than larger core diameter fibers

An Iterative Method for Solving Non-Linear Hydromagnetic Equations

We propose an iterative finite element method for solving non-linear hydromagnetic and steady Euler's equations. Some three-dimensional computational tests are given to confirm the convergence and the high efficiency of the method

Simultaneous Measurement for Strain and Temperature Using Fiber Bragg Gratings and Multimode Fibers

An all-fiber sensor capable of simultaneous measurement of temperature and strain is newly presented. The sensing head is formed by a fiber Bragg grating combined with a section of multimode fiber that acts as a Mach-Zehnder interferometer for temperature and strain discrimination. The strain and temperature coefficients of multimode fibers vary with the core sizes and materials. This feature can be used to improve the strain and temperature resolution by suitably choosing the multimode fiber. For a 10 pm wavelength resolution, a resolution of 9.21 μ∈ in strain and 0.26°C in temperature can be achieved