A Planar-Fluorescence Imaging Technique for Studying Droplet-Turbulence Interactions in Vaporizing Sprays

Droplet turbulence interactions directly affect the vaporization and dispersion of droplets in liquid sprays and therefore play a major role in fuel oxidizer mixing in liquid fueled combustion systems. Proper characterization of droplet turbulence interactions in vaporizing sprays require measurement of droplet size velocity and size temperature correlations. A planar, fluorescence imaging technique is described which is being developed for simultaneously measuring the size, velocity, and temperature of individual droplets in vaporizing sprays. Preliminary droplet size velocity correlation measurements made with this technique are presented. These measurements are also compared to and show very good agreement with measurements made in the same spray using a phase Doppler particle analyzer

Substance Misuse Education for Physicians: Why Older People are Important.

This perspective article focuses on the need for training and education for undergraduate medical students on substance-related disorders, and describes initiatives undertaken in the United Kingdom (UK), Netherlands, United States (US), and Norway to develop the skills, knowledge, and attitudes needed by future doctors to treat patients adequately. In addition, we stress that in postgraduate training, further steps should be taken to develop Addiction Medicine as a specialized and transverse medical domain. Alcohol use disorder is a growing public health problem in the geriatric population, and one that is likely to continue to increase as the baby boomer generation ages. Prescription drug misuse is a major concern, and nicotine misuse remains problematic in a substantial minority. Thus, Addiction Medicine training should address the problems for this specific population. In recent years, several countries have started an Addiction Medicine specialty. Although addiction psychiatry has been a subspecialty in the UK and US for more than 20 years, in most countries it has been a more recent development. Additional courses on addiction should be integrated into the curriculum at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels, as well as form part of the continuous training of other medical specialists. It is recommended that further research and mapping of what is currently taught in medical programs be undertaken, so as to enhance medical education in addiction and improve treatment services

Effect of acceleration and deceleration distance on the walking speed of people with chronic stroke

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Unlocking biomarker discovery: Large scale application of aptamer proteomic technology for early detection of lung cancer

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths, because ~84% of cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Worldwide in 2008, ~1.5 million people were diagnosed and ~1.3 million died – a survival rate unchanged since 1960. However, patients diagnosed at an early stage and have surgery experience an 86% overall 5-year survival. New diagnostics are therefore needed to identify lung cancer at this stage. Here we present the first large scale clinical use of aptamers to discover blood protein biomarkers in disease with our breakthrough proteomic technology. This multi-center case-control study was conducted in archived samples from 1,326 subjects from four independent studies of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in long-term tobacco-exposed populations. We measured >800 proteins in 15uL of serum, identified 44 candidate biomarkers, and developed a 12-protein panel that distinguished NSCLC from controls with 91% sensitivity and 84% specificity in a training set and 89% sensitivity and 83% specificity in a blinded, independent verification set. Performance was similar for early and late stage NSCLC. This is a significant advance in proteomics in an area of high clinical need

São Pedro, uma Igreja do Brasil no Egito

O Brasil e o Egito, dois países tão distantes, mas que, em virtude do interêsse de D. Pedro II, pela terra dos Faraós, tornaram-se espiritualmente próximos no que diz às tradições é ao seu passado. Estão em hemisférios opostos, mas em latitudes idênticas, a partir do equador, com clima parecido e com muitos problemas, como o das sêcas, para resolver. A' grande admiração do Imperador Pedro II pelo velho Egito, é conhecida; realizou duas memoráveis viagens àquêle país, em 1871 e 1876, tendo planejado uma terceira para 1888, que não chegou a efetuar.

Multidisciplinary consensus statement on the clinical management of patients with pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic cancer (PC) remains one of the most aggressive tumors with an increasing incidence rate and reduced survival. Although surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment for PC, only 15-20% of patients are resectable at diagnosis. To select the most appropriate treatment and thus improve outcomes, the diagnostic and therapeutic strategy for each patient with PC should be discussed within a multidisciplinary expert team. Clinical decision-making should be evidence-based, considering the staging of the tumor, the performance status and preferences of the patient. The aim of this guideline is to provide practical and evidence-based recommendations for the management of PC

Polynomial Kernels and User Reductions for the Workflow Satisfiability Problem

The Workflow Satisfiability Problem (WSP) is a problem of practical interest that arises whenever tasks need to be performed by authorized users, subject to constraints defined by business rules. We are required to decide whether there exists a plan -- an assignment of tasks to authorized users -- such that all constraints are satisfied. The WSP is, in fact, the conservative Constraint Satisfaction Problem (i.e., for each variable, here called task, we have a unary authorization constraint) and is, thus, NP-complete. It was observed by Wang and Li (2010) that the number k of tasks is often quite small and so can be used as a parameter, and several subsequent works have studied the parameterized complexity of WSP regarding parameter k. We take a more detailed look at the kernelization complexity of WSP(\Gamma) when \Gamma\ denotes a finite or infinite set of allowed constraints. Our main result is a dichotomy for the case that all constraints in \Gamma\ are regular: (1) We are able to reduce the number n of users to n' <= k. This entails a kernelization to size poly(k) for finite \Gamma, and, under mild technical conditions, to size poly(k+m) for infinite \Gamma, where m denotes the number of constraints. (2) Already WSP(R) for some R \in \Gamma\ allows no polynomial kernelization in k+m unless the polynomial hierarchy collapses.Comment: An extended abstract appears in the proceedings of IPEC 201