Sticky wages: evidence from quarterly microeconomic data

This paper documents nominal wage stickiness using an original quarterly firm-level dataset. We use the ACEMO survey, which reports the base wage for up to 12 employee categories in French firms over the period 1998 to 2005, and obtain the following main results. First, the quarterly frequency of wage change is around 35 percent. Second, there is some downward rigidity in the base wage. Third, wage changes are mainly synchronized within firms but to a large extent staggered across firms. Fourth, standard Calvo or Taylor schemes fail to match micro wage adjustment patterns, but fixed duration "Taylor-like" wage contracts are observed for a minority of firms. Based on a two-thresholds sample selection model, we perform an econometric analysis of wage changes. Our results suggest that the timing of wage adjustments is not state-dependent, and are consistent with existence of predetermined of wage changes. They also suggest that both backward- and forward-looking behavior is relevant in wage setting. JEL Classification: E24, J3wage predetermination, Wage stickiness

Bioethanol Production from Glucose by Thermophilic Microbes from Ciater Hot Springs

AbstractBioethanol has been considered as one of the alternative energy resources for fossil fuel substitute. Second generation of bioethanol production usually uses lignocellulosic material as its raw material which conducted at high temperature range (70-80oC). In this case the thermophilic microbe is needed for fermentation process in order to minimize the use of energy. This paper will discuss the results of the study on bioethanol production from glucose by using thermophilic microbes isolated from local source namely from Ciater hot springs in Subang District, Indonesia. In this study six thermophilic isolates (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 and C6) were tested their capability in producing ethanol in the fermentation medium containing 5% glucose substrate for 5 days incubation. To determine the activity of isolates in ferment substrate is done by measuring the concentration of glucose and ethanol produced using a spectrophotometer. Isolates tested (C1,C2,C3,C4 and C5) could reduce glucose concentration from 1.1up to 1.7% in the fermentation medium. The ethanol produced was tested qualitatively by reacting the samples with K2Cr2O7inacidic conditions by observing its color change from yellow-orange to green-blue. The presence of ethanol indicatedby the decrease of OD's sample. This study showed that all isolates have the ability to produce ethanol. However, there are 2 isolates potentially produce ethanol that isolates C3 and C5 are characterized by low absorbance after adding potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)

The Effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences on the Future of Our Youth

22.3 percent.1 This is the percentage of the population of the United States under the age of 18. These three words should come to mind: growth, family, and safety. Unfortunately, just because these words come to mind, does not mean these are a reality for our youth. The Adverse Childhood Experience (ACEs) study explores our youth’s mental, emotional, and social well-being across a wide sample with some disturbing results. As we de-code what exactly ACEs entails, we can learn to predict, diagnose, and ultimately prevent negative environments our youth are involved in. Prioritizing these prevention efforts can eventually lead to the avoidance altogether of these adverse experiences resulting in a residual rise in positive change for this 22.3 percent. This effort does not stand alone but does begin somewhere, and somewhere is you, YOU being the parents

Environmental Determinants of the Distribution and Abundance of the Ants, Lasiophanes picinus and L. valdiviensis, in Argentina

The distribution and abundance variation of the terrestrial ants, Lasiophanes picinus and Lasiophanes valdiviensis Emery (Formicinae: Lasiini), which are endemic in Patagonia (Argentina and Chile), are described and a set of environmental factors are examined to explain the observed patterns. Ants were collected using 450 pitfall traps arranged in 50, 100 m2 grid plots each with nine traps within a roughly 150 × 150 km area representative of the subantartic-patagonian transition of Argentina. Five sampling periods each 8-days long were carried out between November 2004 and March 2006. To understand the distributional patterns and their link to environmental variables discriminant analysis was used. Path analysis was performed to test for direct and indirect effects of a set of environmental variables on species abundance variation. L. picinus was more frequently captured and attained higher abundance in the forests, while L. valdiviensis was more frequently captured and more abundant in the scrubs. The maximum daily temperature and mean annual precipitation explained L. picinus distribution (i.e. presence or absence) with an accuracy of 90%. L. valdiviensis distribution was predicted with almost 70% accuracy, taking into account herbal richness. The maximum daily temperature was the only climatic variable that affected ant abundance directly; an increase in temperature led to an increase of L. picinus abundance and a decrease of L. valdiviensis abundance. The amount of resources, as indicated by the percent plant cover, explained the variation of the abundance of both species better than the variety of resources as indicated by plant richness (i.e. models including plant richness had low fit or no fit at all). A direct effect of habitat use by cattle was found, as indicated by the amount of feces in the plots, only when variables related to the amount of resources were replaced by variables with less explanatory power related to the variety of resources. This study provides new data on the ecology of Lasiophanes species in relation to existing hypotheses proposed to explain patterns of abundance variation. Evidence is provided that changes in temperature (i.e. global climate change) may have important consequences on populations of these species

Development of the data buffer holding time-series data across multiple applications

大規模計算機システム利用者研究報

Розвиток пізнавальної активності дошкільників з порушеннями зору в процесі формування уявлень про навколишній світ

Стаття присвячена проблемі підвищення пізнавальної активності молодших дошкільників з порушеннями зору під час ознайомлення з навколишнім світом. Конкретизується поняття пізнавальної активності та діяльності в умовах зорової депривації. Розкриваються характерні труднощі та шляхи їх подолання у засвоєнні уявлень про навколишній світ, відповідно до нових освітніх вимог за Базовою програмою «Я у Світі»

Green shoots in the euro area : a real time measure

We show that an extension of the Markov-switching dynamic factor models that accounts for the speci cities of the day to day monitoring of economic developments such as ragged edges, mixed frequencies and data revisions is a good tool to forecast the Euro area recessions in real time. We provide examples that show the nonlinear nature of the relations between data revisions, point forecasts and forecast uncertainty. According to our empirical results, we think that the real time probabilities of recession are an appropriate statistic to capture what the press call green shoot

Reglas proporcionales en problemas de árboles de mínimo costo

En este trabajo se presenta una nueva familia de reglas de distribución para problemas de árboles  de mínimo costo. Se utilizan criterios de proporcionalidad para estas reglas y a través de un ejemplo clásico se observa un mejor comportamiento que las reglas de Bird, Kar y Dutta-Kar. Se prueban algunas propiedades que cumplen estas reglas proporcionales y se concluye que comparativamente, desde el punto de vista de las propiedades que cumplen, se encuentran bien posicionadas.Fil: Cesco, Juan Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada de San Luis "Prof. Ezio Marchi". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico, Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada de San Luis "Prof. Ezio Marchi"; ArgentinaFil: Pepa Risma, Eliana Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada de San Luis "Prof. Ezio Marchi". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico, Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada de San Luis "Prof. Ezio Marchi"; ArgentinaFil: Quintas, Luis Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada de San Luis "Prof. Ezio Marchi". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico, Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada de San Luis "Prof. Ezio Marchi"; Argentin