Bullying on Elementary School Students

Bullying usually occurs around the school environment such as in the class, toilet, corridor, or after school activities. This research aims to identify bullying behavior on students at schools. The total number of samples were 400 students of State Elementary School determined by using Cluster Sampling Technique. Data collection was done in April – August 2018 randomly in 12 districts in Pekanbaru City. The research resultsshowed the parenting pattern that mostly applied by the kids parents was parental control in the amount of 228 people (57%), the highest number of fathers’ job is informal job in the amount of 238 people (59,5%), the highest number of mothers’ job is being housewives in the amount of 201 people (50,2%), the highest number of violence media is not explored in the amount of 288 people (72%), the highest number of fight is never in the amount of 265 people (66,2%), and the highest verbal abuse is never listening to verbal abuse in the amount of 323 people (80,8%). The highest number of bullying is incurrence of bullying behavior in the amount of 212 people (53,3%), with the highest number of physical bullying in the amount of 211 people (52,8%), the highest number of verbal bullying in the amount of 207 people (51,8%), and mental/psychological bullying in the amount of 249 people (62,3%). The results of this research can be a reference for the schools in preventing the occurrence of bullying behavior on school students. Keywords: bullying, school age kids, elementary schoo

Hubungan Durasi Bermain Video Game Dengan Ketajaman Penglihatan Anak Usia Sekolah

Introduction: Impaired vision is an important health problem particularly in children Disturbances in visual acuity is caused by the duration of playing video games. The aim of research to determine the relationship of the duration of playing video games with visual acuity of school-age children in SDN Majalaya 2. Method: Analytical methods used correlative study with cross-sectional design. Samples are 3-5 grade elementary school students as many as 67 people. Data obtained directly using the snellen chart questionnaires and subsequent data processed bivariate analysis using chi-square test. Result: The results showed that the majority of respondents did not include the category of normal duration as many as 44 people (65.7%). Most of the respondents, including the category in which the abnormal acuity as many as 38 people (65.7%). The test results showed an association between the duration of playing video games with visual acuity in school age children (class III - V) in SDN Majalaya 2 (pvalue = 0.0001). Discussion: It is recommended that teachers make extracurricular programs are made as attractive as possible, giving a warning to the student who was caught playing a video game in school, make an agreement with puskesmas officers in order to conduct health education about the dangers of playing video game

Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Profitabilitas, Dan Solvabilitas Terhadap Audit Delay (Studi Pada Perusahaan Lq 45 Sub-sektor Bank Serta Property Dan Real Estate Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia (Bei) Tahun 2010 – 2014)

The purpose of this study is to determine the significant influence simultaneously and partially between Firm Size, Profitability, and Solvency toward the Audit Delay in LQ 45 sub-sectors banks, property and real estate that are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) Period 2010-2014. The independent variable in this study is Firm Size with its indicator is Total Assets, Profitability with its indicator is Return on Assets, and Solvency with its indicator is Debt to Assets Ratio. The dependent variable is Audit Delay, calculated from the time deviation between the date of the financial statements and the date of the independent auditor's report. This research is a causal comparative and quantitative research using purposive sampling technique in the sample determination that produces 11 samples of companies. The analysis model that is used in this research is multiple linear regression model. The results from the study showed that simultaneously Firm Size, Profitability, and Solvency has influences on Audit Delay, partially Firm Size and Solvency has influences on Audit Delay, while Profitability has no influence on Audit Delay

Exclusive Breastfeeding and Clinical Malaria Risk in 6-Month-Old Infants: A Cross-Sectional Study from Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

The World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for the first 6 months of life. However, the effect of EBF on malaria risk remains unclear. In the present study, 137 EBF infants and 358 non-EBF infants from the Democratic Republic of the Congo were assessed for fever and malaria infections by polymerase chain reaction, at 6 months of age. EBF was associated with a reduced risk of clinical malaria (odds ratio = 0.13; 95% confidence interval = 0.00–0.80), suggesting a protective effect of EBF against malaria

PENGARUH VITAMIN E TERHADAP KADAR DELTAMETHRIN PADA HATI AYAM BROILER YANG TERPAPAR DELTAMETHRIN

This research aims to determine the effect of vitamin E against deltamethrin levels in the liver of broiler chicken�s exposed to deltamethrin. The result are expected to become as a public knowledge how this broiler chicken�s liver exposed to deltamethrin can be dangers if its eaten by people and become as a impart knowledge go to community that importance of the benefits of vitamin E. Six chickens divided into 2 groups and each groups has 3 chickens. From the first group is the group that all the chickens have been received a 5 mg/l of deltamethrin, and the second group is the group that all the chickens have been received a deltamethrin and vitamin 50 IU. Giving of the deltamethrin start at the age of 7 days until 35 days of age, then giving the vitamin E start at the age of 28 days until 35 days of age. In the days of 35, the whole chickens been sacrificed and the hearts also taken, so that the preparation for a examination grade of deltamethrin performed with HPLC. The result from this research shows the average rate of deltamethrin content from the first group is 0,160 ± 0,055 mg/kg and from the second group is 0,145 ± 0,182 mg/kg. After the analysis is done by using the t-test unfortunattely the test has not yet to show the significant differences. From the results of this research concluded that adduction of the vitamin E (50IU/1 day/1 week) on chicken�s liver exposed to deltamethrin cannot reduce levels of deltamethrin as significant

Remote physical examination for temporomandibular disorders.

ABSTRACT: There is a need to further develop telemedicine approaches due to the immediate and perhaps long-term consequences of the coronavirus disease 2019. Thus, a remote protocol for assessment of patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) was developed, and the agreement of this protocol was compared to the guidelines of the diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD). A total of 16 individuals were first assessed by a reference standard examination (RSE) and three other examinations applied in a random order by three examiners: standard physical examination (standard examination), physical examination keeping 2 m distance (physical distanced examination) and examination done with the aid of video communication technology (video communication examination). The primary outcomes were the diagnoses of myalgia of the masseter and temporalis muscles, and arthralgia. The diagnoses of intra-articular joint disorders were considered secondary outcomes because of less impact on psychosocial functioning and quality of life when compared with the pain-related diagnoses. The Fleiss kappa coefficient and its 95% confidence interval were computed to determine the level of agreement in diagnoses between each examination protocol and the RSE. There was substantial to almost perfect agreement between the RSE and all the examination protocols for the diagnoses of myalgia (0.86 to 1.00) and arthralgia (0.86 to 0.87) (p<0.001). On the other hand, there was an overall poor agreement (0.30 to 0.58) between the RSE and all the protocols for the diagnosis of disc displacement with reduction. Remote assessment of patients with pain-related TMD is feasible and presents a high degree of accuracy

An active and targeted survey reveals asymptomatic malaria infections among high-risk populations in Mondulkiri, Cambodia

Abstract Background Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease that is one of the most serious public health issues globally and a leading cause of mortality in many developing countries worldwide. Knowing the prevalence of both symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria on a subnational scale allows for the estimation of the burden of parasitaemia present in the transmission system, enabling targeting and tailoring of resources towards greater impact and better use of available capacity. This study aimed to determine the PCR-based point prevalence of malaria infection, by parasite species, among three high-risk populations in Mondulkiri province, Cambodia: forest rangers, forest dwellers, and forest goers. Methods A cross-sectional survey was performed during the transmission season in November and December 2021. Blood samples collected on filter paper from participants (n = 1301) from all target groups were screened for Plasmodium spp using PCR. Results Malaria prevalence among all study participants was 6.7% for any Plasmodium species. Malaria prevalence in the forest ranger group was 8.1%, was 6.8% in forest goers, and 6.4% in forest dwellers; all infections were asymptomatic. Plasmodium vivax was detected in all participant groups, while the few Plasmodium falciparum infections were found in goers and dwellers. 81% of all infections were due to P. vivax, 9% were due to P. falciparum, 3% due to Plasmodium cynomolgi, and the rest (7%) remained undefined. Gender was associated with malaria infection prevalence, with male participants having higher odds of malaria infection than female participants (OR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.08–2.64). Passively collected malaria incidence data from the Cambodian government were also investigated. Health facility-reported malaria cases, based on rapid diagnostic tests, for the period Jan-Dec 2021 were 521 Plasmodium vivax (0.89% prevalence), 34 P. falciparum (0.06%) and four P. falciparum + mixed (0.01%)—a total of 559 cases (0.95%) for all of Mondulkiri. Conclusion This reservoir of asymptomatic parasitaemia may be perpetuating low levels of transmission, and thus, new strategies are required to realize the goal of eliminating malaria in Cambodia by 2025