Eosinophils and Neutrophils-Molecular Differences Revealed by Spontaneous Raman, CARS and Fluorescence Microscopy

Leukocytes are a part of the immune system that plays an important role in the host's defense against viral, bacterial, and fungal infections. Among the human leukocytes, two granulocytes, neutrophils (Ne) and eosinophils (EOS) play an important role in the innate immune system. For that purpose, eosinophils and neutrophils contain specific granules containing protoporphyrin-type proteins such as eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), respectively, which contribute directly to their anti-infection activity. Since both proteins are structurally and functionally different, they could potentially be a marker of both cells' types. To prove this hypothesis, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and Raman imaging were applied to analyze EPO and MPO and their content in leukocytes isolated from the whole blood. Moreover, leukocytes can contain lipidic structures, called lipid bodies (LBs), which are linked to the regulation of immune responses and are considered to be a marker of cell inflammation. In this work, we showed how to determine the number of LBs in two types of granulocytes, EOS and Ne, using fluorescence and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy. Spectroscopic differences of EPO and MPO can be used to identify these cells in blood samples, while the detection of LBs can indicate the cell inflammation process

Modified biovectors for the tuneable activation of anti-platelet carbon monoxide release

This communication describes the anti-platelet effects of a new class of cis-rhenium(II)- dicarbonyl-vitamin B12 complexes (B12-ReCORMs) with tuneable CO releasing properties

Trends in biomedical analysis of red blood cells – Raman spectroscopy against other spectroscopic, microscopic and classical techniques

Application of modern and innovative spectroscopic and microscopic approaches to biomedical analysis opens new horizons and sheds new light on many unexplored scientific territories. In this review, we critically summarize up-to-date Raman-based methodologies for red blood cells (RBCs) analysis used in biology and medicine, and compare them with both classical, as well as other spectroscopic and microscopic approaches. The main emphasis is placed on the advantages, disadvantages and capabilities of each technique for detection of RBC deteriorations and RBC-related diseases. Although currently used classical techniques of medical analysts serve as a gold standard for clinicians in diagnosis of erythropathies, they provide insufficient insight into RBC alterations at the molecular level. In addition, there is a demand for non-destructive and label-free analytical techniques for rapid detection and diagnosis of erythropathies. Their recognition often requires multimodal methodology comprising application of methods including sophisticated spectroscopy-based techniques, where Raman-based approaches play an important role

Tracking of cytochrome c oxidation state in live cells by resonance Raman imaging - data and supplementary information

Data enclosed within the manuscript entitled "Label-free tracking of cytochrome c oxidation state in live cells by resonance Raman imaging", where resonance Raman imaging with 405 nm excitation wavelength was used to detect and distinguish between heme proteins in their ferrous and ferric oxidation state within the live cells. </p

Zero- to Low-field Relaxometry of Chemical and Biological Fluids

NMR relaxometry is an analytical method that provides information about the molecular environment, including even NMR “silent” molecules (spin-0), by analyzing the properties of NMR signals versus the magnitude of the longitudinal field. Conventionally, this technique has been performed at fields much higher than Earth’s magnetic field, but in this work, we present NMR relaxometry at zero and ultra-low magnetic fields (ZULFs). Operation under ZULFs allows us to investigate many slow (bio)chemical processes, whose timescale (milliseconds-seconds) coincides with a timescale of spin evolution. ZULFs regime also limits the detrimental role of T2 dephasing, which, in heterogeneous samples, is induced by magnetic susceptibility and often leads to line broadening, hence low-resolution spectra. Finally, in contrast to their high-field NMR, ZULF NMR measurements can be performed with inexpensive, portable/small-size sensors (atomic magnetometers). Here, we use ZULF NMR relaxometry in the analysis of (bio)chemical compounds containing 1H 13C, 1H-15N, and 1H-31P spin pairs. We also detected high-quality ULF NMR spectra of human whole blood at 0.8 μT, despite a shortening of spin relaxation by blood proteomes (e.g., hemoglobin). Information on relaxation times of blood, a potential early biomarker of inflammation, can be obtained in less than a minute and without the need for a sophisticated apparatus

Zero- to low-field relaxometry of chemical and biological fluids

Abstract Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry is an analytical method that provides information about molecular environments, even for NMR “silent” molecules (spin-0), by analyzing the properties of NMR signals versus the magnitude of the longitudinal field. Conventionally, this technique is performed at fields much higher than Earth’s magnetic field, but our work focuses on NMR relaxometry at zero and ultra-low magnetic fields (ZULFs). Operating under such conditions allows us to investigate slow (bio)chemical processes occurring on a timescale from milliseconds to seconds, which coincide with spin evolution. ZULFs also minimize T 2 line broadening in heterogeneous samples resulting from magnetic susceptibility. Here, we use ZULF NMR relaxometry to analyze (bio)chemical compounds containing 1H-13C, 1H-15N, and 1H-31P spin pairs. We also detected high-quality ULF NMR spectra of human whole-blood at 0.8 μT, despite a shortening of spin relaxation by blood proteomes (e.g., hemoglobin). Information on proton relaxation times of blood, a potential early biomarker of inflammation, can be acquired in under a minute using inexpensive, portable/small-size NMR spectrometers based on atomic magnetometers

Modified biovectors for the tuneable activation of anti-platelet carbon monoxide release

This communication describes the anti-platelet effects of a new class of cis-rhenium(II)-dicarbonyl-vitamin B12 complexes (B12-ReCORMs) with tuneable CO releasing properties