Social Exclusion and Ethnic Segregation in Schools: The Role of Teacher's Ethnic Prejudice

This is the author accepted manuscript. the final version is available from MIT Press via the DOI in this recordUsing data on primary school children and their teachers, we show that teachers who hold prejudicial attitudes towards an ethnic group create socially and spatially segregated classrooms. Leveraging a natural experiment where newly arrived refugee children are randomly assigned to teachers within schools, we find that teachers’ ethnic prejudice, measured by an implicit association test, significantly lowers the prevalence of inter-ethnic social links, increases homophilic ties among host children, and puts refugee children at a higher risk of peer violence. Our results highlight the role of teachers in achieving integrated schools in a world of increasing ethnic diversity.UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Offic

Width/length-weight and width-length relationships for 8 crab species from the North-eastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey

In this study, relationships between width/length-weight and width-length by sex and combine were estimated 1133 individuals belonging to 8 species from 5 families in the North-eastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Regression coefficient between the regression of W-CL, W-CW and CL-CW for female, male and both were found very high (p<0.001) and the median value of b W-CL were 3.135, 3.132 and 3.081; W-CW were 3.135, 3.132 and 3.081, respectively. The r2 values ranged from 0.91-0.99. © Medwell Journals, 2009

Seasonal changes of fatty acids of cuttlefish Sepia officinalis L. (Mollusca : Cephalopoda) in the north eastern Mediterranean sea

WOS: 000232825300002The total lipids and seasonal variations in the fatty acids of the mantle of cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) captured in the north eastern Mediterranean were investigated and the mantle was found to be a good source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega 3 PUFAs, in particular). In all seasons, the major fatty acids in the cuttlefish mantle were observed to be palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 omega 3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 omega 3). A comparison of the saturated fatty acid (29.5-36.8%), monounsaturated fatty acids (7.81-9.84%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (43.7-49.6%) of the cuttlefish mantle revealed that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) constituted the highest proportion. The levels of DHA in the cuttlefish mantle in autumn, winter, spring and summer were 27.6%, 28.5%, 29.5% and 23.9%, while those of EPA were 16.8%, 15.4%, 14.7% and 13.9%, respectively. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Seasonal changes of fatty acids of cuttlefish Sepia officinalis L. (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) in the north eastern Mediterranean sea

The total lipids and seasonal variations in the fatty acids of the mantle of cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) captured in the north eastern Mediterranean were investigated and the mantle was found to be a good source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (?3 PUFAs, in particular). In all seasons, the major fatty acids in the cuttlefish mantle were observed to be palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5?3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6?3). A comparison of the saturated fatty acid (29.5-36.8%), monounsaturated fatty acids (7.81-9.84%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (43.7-49.6%) of the cuttlefish mantle revealed that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) constituted the highest proportion. The levels of DHA in the cuttlefish mantle in autumn, winter, spring and summer were 27.6%, 28.5%, 29.5% and 23.9%, while those of EPA were 16.8%, 15.4%, 14.7% and 13.9%, respectively. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.The authors are grateful to the Scientific Research Project Fund of Cukurova University for financial support of this research project

Spatial distribution and activity pattern of the ghost crab, Ocypode cursor (L., 1758) in Yumurtalik Bay, North-Eastern Mediterranean-Turkey

Spatial distribution and activity pattern of Ocypode cursor (L., 1758) were studied for 2 years (2000-2001 ) in 40x15 m sand beach of Yumurtalik Bay in Turkey. Analysis of frequency distributions of the ghost crab population was based on indFect census, with burrow diameter measurement. Burrow diameter was a good estimator of crab size. Burrow diameter/carapace length and length/width relationships were estimated from samples obtained by excavating burrows and individual capture by trap. These relationship were adjusted by the following equations, respectively: BD = 0.25+1.13 CL; CW = 2.44+1.13 CL (BD is burrow diameter; CL is carapace length; CW is carapace width). Spatial distribution analysis was performed based on distance and altitude to water line. Most small burrows were found close to the sea, while larger burrows were mostly found in places higher up the beach. O. cursor was absent from the dry portion of the beach next to the dunes. The activity pattern showed that crabs are more activity during night than day-time. Burrow shape also was analysed. These burrows were in L-or j-shapes. © Medwell Journals, 2009

A new soft-tissue indentation model for estimating circular indenter 'force-displacement' characteristics

Models that predict soft-tissue indentation forces have many important applications including estimation of interaction forces, palpation simulation, disease diagnosis, and robotic assistance. In many medical applications such as rehabilitation, clinical palpation, and manipulation of organs, characterizing soft-tissue properties mainly depends on the accurate estimation of indentation forces. A new indentation model for estimating circular indenter 'force-displacement' characteristics is presented in this paper. The proposed model is motivated by a 'force-displacement' soil-tool model and is computationally efficient. The main feature of the proposed model is that it can be used to predict the force variations for a variety of tools without the need for retuning the model parameters for each tool. A six-degree-of-freedom robot manipulator with force and position sensors is used to validate the indentation model. Measured force versus tool displacement data for lamb liver and kidney, for a variety of tool diameters, are presented and compared with the forces predicted by the model, showing good agreement (RMS error < 8 per cent)

The deep‑water squid Octopoteuthis sicula Rüppell, 1844 (Cephalopoda: Octopoteuthidae) as the single species of the genus occurring in the Mediterranean Sea

The genus Octopoteuthis includes squids inhabiting meso- and bathypelagic waters worldwide. Of the seven presently named species distributed in the world’s oceans, only Octopoteuthis sicula has been reported for certain in the Mediterranean Sea to date. However, mixed and confusing descriptions of the systematic characters useful for identifying the species occur in the literature. Similarly, molecular analysis results available for the genus are contradictory and inconsistent. The research herein was undertaken firstly to clarify the systematic status of the genus in the Mediterranean Sea and confirm the presence of a single species, namely O. sicula. Additional goals were the assessment of the validity of systematic characters to identify the species and the analysis of beak morphology to provide useful tools in prey–predator relationship studies. Octopoteuthis specimens from various areas of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic and Pacific oceans were compared, and the analysis of traditional morphological characters was combined with molecular genetics and the study of beaks. Molecular genetics and beak morphology results support the existence of a single species in the Mediterranean Sea. Additional evidence would suggest that this species is also distributed in the north-eastern Atlantic. The morphological characters reported in the literature to identify O. sicula did not identify Mediterranean specimens, with the exception of the two tail photophores. All information collected supports the need for a reconsideration of morphological characters used to identify Octopoteuthis species.Versión del editor2,011