9 research outputs found

    SynthÚse morphopédologique de La Réunion

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    Austin High School (first campus - note semicircular part of building) on the top right of the Stephen F. Austin Hotel and to the top left of the St. David's Episcopal Church (top of Driskill Hotel). The roof top of St. Mary's Academy is noticible between Stephen F Austin Hotel and St. David's Episcopal Church. Left center on 7th Street and Lavaca two churches visible First Presbyterian Church (Original Site) on top and Cumberland Presbyterian on bottom (sold in 1955)

    : The “GIS Sol” in the Frenche overseas departments and regions

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    International audienceThis article presents the main lines of soil research carried out in the French ultramarine regions within the framework of the Scientific Interest Group Sol (GIS Sol). This work concerns the programs “French Soil Quality Monitoring Network” (RMQS) and "Soil Inventory, Management and Conservation" (IGCS), which were conducted in the Lesser Antilles, Martinique and Guadeloupe, Reunion and Mayotte, and French Guiana. This work has a particular nature because these territories are subject to various climates in the intertropical area, contrasting soil development conditions on continental basement and volcanic island lithologies.For IGCS program, in a first step, legacy data from 1950s regarding soil distribution in these regions were compiled and saved in digital medium. In a second step, morpho-pedological syntheses were made thanks to these legacy data along with geological and geomorphological data, embedded in a database. These works are illustrated in this article with the case of Guadeloupe.The first campaign of RMQS program in overseas was conducted between 2006 and 2015. 67 sites were sampled. The experimental set-up was made with a few adaptations from the set-up in mainland France, regarding site installation, soil analyses, and soil samples management. Some results of this program are presented and discussed: soil carbon stocks in French Guiana, and contents of trace metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in island areas. Lastly, strategic pathways for this program are discussed, in order to improve the monitoring of soil properties in these regions.Cet article prĂ©sente les axes des travaux pĂ©dologiques effectuĂ©s dans les rĂ©gions ultramarines françaises dans le cadre du Groupement d’IntĂ©rĂȘt Scientifique Sol. Ces travaux concernent les programmes « RĂ©seau de mesures de la qualitĂ© des sols » (RMQS) et « Inventaire, Gestion et Conservation des Sols » (IGCS), conduits aux Petites Antilles, Martinique et Guadeloupe, Ă  La RĂ©union et Mayotte, et en Guyane. Ces travaux revĂȘtent un caractĂšre particulier du fait que les territoires concernĂ©s sont soumis Ă  des climats variĂ©s dans la bande intertropicale et des conditions de dĂ©veloppement des sols contrastĂ©es sur des lithologies continentales du socle et insulaires volcaniques.Dans le cadre du programme IGCS, les travaux se sont axĂ©s dans un premier temps sur l’inventaire et la sauvegarde numĂ©rique des connaissances de la distribution des sols acquises dans ces territoires depuis les annĂ©es 1950. Dans un second temps, des synthĂšses morpho-pĂ©dologiques ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©es grĂące Ă  ces donnĂ©es pĂ©dologiques numĂ©risĂ©es et intĂ©grĂ©es Ă  une base de donnĂ©es, complĂ©tĂ©es par des donnĂ©es gĂ©ologiques et gĂ©omorphologiques. Ces travaux sont illustrĂ©s dans cet article Ă  travers le cas de la Guadeloupe.La premiĂšre campagne du programme RMQS, qui s’est dĂ©roulĂ©e entre 2006 et 2015, a portĂ© sur 67 sites dans les mĂȘmes territoires. La mise en place de ce programme en Outre-mer s’est faite avec quelques adaptations par rapport au dispositif mis en place dans l’Hexagone, et qui concernent l’implantation des sites, les analyses de sols rĂ©alisĂ©es et la gestion des Ă©chantillons de sols. Quelques rĂ©sultats de ce programme sont discutĂ©s, concernant les stocks de carbone du sol en Guyane, et les teneurs en Ă©lĂ©ments traces mĂ©talliques et hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques dans les territoires insulaires. Enfin, les pistes d’évolution du programme sont discutĂ©es, afin d’amĂ©liorer le suivi des propriĂ©tĂ©s des sols dans ces territoires
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