A Method and a Device for Diagnostics of the Functional State of Peripheral Vessels of the Upper Limbs

The article suggests a method and a device for diagnostics of the functional state of peripheral vessels of the upper limbs, which provide identification of angiospastic disorders with a lower probability of falsenegative result, allowing thereby the quality of diagnostics to be improved. The suggested approach is based on combined application of laser Doppler flowmetry and contact thermometry during an occlusion test. The obtained results can be used in various fields of medicine for the development of multifunctional noninvasive diagnostic systems for the diagnosis and prevention of diseases associated with changes in the functional state of peripheral vessels

Genre typology of German town chronicles of the Late Medieval and Early Modern period

In Early New High German, a realignment and enrichment of the genre system of German literature language took place. A key role belonged in this period (that is, XV and XVI centuries) to the historiography, in the first place town chronicles. They developed, among other sources, out of the annals and other administrative writings and took their origin both in the need of upper social groups in legitimization of town structures and their general interest in history. Generally, there are two types of town chronicles, that is, official ones, which were written at the request of the town hall, and private ones. Legitimization, informing, didactic and even entertaining functions were proper to both types, but with different priority: whereas for the official chronicles, legitimization and documentation were the primary functions, for the private ones, informing and entertaining played main role. The chronicles were characterized by the syncretism and intertextuality, which means that they included charts, acts and other official documents (or their fragments) in their narrative structure. There was some difference between the authors and recipients of official chronicles, on the one hand, and these of private chronicles, on the other hand: whereas the authors of the first type were usually town scribes or highly-educated clerics, the private chronicles could also be written by ordinary citizens. Many official chronicles were initially intended for a limited circle of magistrates and not for a wide reception. For the language of town chronicles, a strong evaluative component was essential. The language of chronicles was based on the author's individual style and could vary in a wide range: from clear syntactical structures with predominance of hypotaxis and rich arsenal of stylistic means up to a plain parataxis with a simple enumeration of facts and events. Frequent use of adverbial modifiers with temporal meaning was typical. In the eyes of contemporaries, the chronicles were not exactly a genre, but rather a written history

Integral pattern of bench stability on all adjacent rock of open-pit mine in solid rocks

The article presents the integrated image of bench stability across the entire adjacent pit area on the basis of a probabilistic method to predict the azimuthangular parameters of cracks that limit the potential prisms of the pit bench collapse that are put in the final position, as well as those planned to be set to the limiting contour in the form of a software component as the part of the specialized geoinformation GIS system "Stability

Multimodal optical diagnostics of the microhaemodynamics in upper and lower limbs

The introduction of optical non-invasive diagnostic methods into clinical practice can substantially advance in the detection of early microcirculatory disorders in patients with different diseases. This paper is devoted to the development and application of the optical non-invasive diagnostic approach for the detection and evaluation of the severity of microcirculatory and metabolic disorders in rheumatic diseases and diabetes mellitus. The proposed methods include the joint use of laser Doppler flowmetry, absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy in combination with functional tests. This technique showed the high diagnostic importance for the detection of disturbances in peripheral microhaemodynamics. These methods have been successfully tested as additional diagnostic techniques in the field of rheumatology and endocrinology. The sensitivity and specificity of the proposed diagnostic procedures have been evaluated.<br/

Assessment of the Size of Rocks in Benchs and Lumpiness of the Blasted Mountain Mass on Pits with Use of Gis Geomix

On the basis of natural researches in career of SC Kovdorsky MCP and computer processing of their results in GIS GEOMIX was developed the photometric method of assessment of blocks (sizes) of breeds in the slope of ledges of a pit, the existing version of this method intended for assessment of lumpiness of mountain mass is improve

Novel wearable VCSEL-based blood perfusion sensor

A wearable 850 nm VCSEL-based blood perfusion sensor operating on the principles of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) has been developed and tested. The sensitivity of the sensor to changes in skin blood perfusion has been demonstrated

New trophic classification of wood-destroying fungi the case of community of pathogenic polypore fungi types on Pedunculate oak

Based on the generalization of experimental data obtained during the practical study of the trophic specialization of wood-destroying fungi from the commonness of PTH on oak in the oak forests of the south-west of the Central Russian Upland, a new ecotrophic classification has been developed, including the following groups of wood-destroying fungi: biotrophic pathogens, saprotrophic pathogens, pathogenic saprotrophs, non-pathogenic saprotroph

Метод и устройство оценки функционального состояния микроциркуляторно-тканевых систем организма человека на основе мультипараметрической оптической диагностики

Introduction. Violations of the microcirculatory-tissue systems of the human body play a key role in the pathogenesis of various diseases complications. However, there are a few unresolved methodological and instrumental problems with non-invasive monitoring of microcirculatory function and metabolic disorders associated with insufficient accuracy, reproducibility and informativeness of diagnostic results. The proposed approach of multiparametric optical diagnostics, when optical non-invasive technologies are used in combination, can be a promising tool that improves the sensitivity and accuracy of detecting microcirculatory and metabolic disorders at an early stage, which is important for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of various profiles.Aim. Development of a method and device for assessing the functional state of microcirculatory-tissue systems of the human body based on multiparametric optical diagnostics and assessment of its diagnostic potential in clinical practice.Materials and methods. In the paper, theories of radiation transfer, applied mathematical statistics and clinical research methods are used. The statistical indicators of the developed diagnostic methods are given, the principle of the device construction is described.Results. An original method and principle for constructing a device for assessing the functional state of microcirculatory-tissue systems of the human body based on multiparametric optical diagnostics has been developed.Conclusion. The present work presents a method and device for assessing the functional state of microcirculatory-tissue systems of the human body based on this approach. The basic principles of each of the diagnostic channels (laser Doppler flowmetry, fluorescence spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy) are described. Examples of the clinical application of the described device in various fields of medicine (endocrinology, rheumatology, minimally invasive surgery) are presented. The method proposed in this article and principle for constructing a device with the possibility of its technical adaptation by developing additional probes for specific tasks of biomedical research makes optical non-invasive diagnostics affordable and increases its information content.Введение. Нарушения деятельности микроциркуляторно-тканевых систем организма человека играют ключевую роль в патогенезе осложнений различных заболеваний. Однако при неинвазивном мониторинге микроциркуляторной функции и метаболических нарушений существует ряд нерешенных методологических и инструментальных проблем, связанных с недостаточной точностью, воспроизводимостью и информативностью результатов диагностики. Предложенный в настоящей статье подход мультипараметрической оптической диагностики, при котором оптические неинвазивные технологии применяются в сочетанном виде, может стать перспективным инструментом, улучшающим чувствительность и точность выявления микроциркуляторных и метаболических нарушений на ранней стадии, что важно для диагностики и лечения заболеваний различного профиля.Цель работы. Разработка метода и устройства для оценки функционального состояния микроциркуляторно-тканевых систем организма человека на основе мультипараметрической оптической диагностики и оценка их диагностического потенциала в клинической практике.Материалы и методы. В работе использованы теории переноса излучения, прикладной математической статистики и методов клинических исследований. Приведены статистические показатели разработанных методов диагностики, описан принцип построения устройства.Результаты. Разработан оригинальный метод и принцип построения устройства для оценки функционального состояния микроциркуляторно-тканевых систем организма человека на основе мультипараметрической оптической диагностики.Заключение. В настоящей статье представлен метод и устройство для оценки функционального состояния микроциркуляторно-тканевых систем организма человека на основе указанного подхода. Описаны основные принципы каждого из диагностических каналов – лазерной доплеровской флоуметрии, флуоресцентной спектроскопии и спектроскопии диффузного отражения. Представлены примеры клинического применения описанного устройства в различных областях медицины (эндокринология, ревматология, мини-инвазивная хирургия). Предложенный метод и принцип построения устройства с возможностью его технической адаптации за счет разработки дополнительных зондов для конкретных задач биомедицинских исследований делает проведение оптической неинвазивной диагностики доступным и повышает ее информативность

Novel measure for the calibration of laser Doppler flowmetry devices

The metrological basis for optical non-invasive diagnostic devices is an unresolved issue. A major challenge for laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) is the need to compare the outputs from individual devices and various manufacturers to identify variations useful in clinical diagnostics. The most common methods for instrument calibration are simulants or phantoms composed of colloids of light-scattering particles which simulate the motion of red blood cells based on Brownian motion. However, such systems have limited accuracy or stability and cannot calibrate for the known rhythmic components of perfusion (0.0095-1.6 Hz). To solve this problem, we propose the design of a novel technique based on the simulation of moving particles using an electromechanical transducer, in which a precision piezoelectric actuator is used (e.g., P-602.8SL with maximum movement less than 1 mm). In this system, Doppler shift is generated in the layered structure of different solid materials with different optical light diffusing properties. This comprises a fixed, light transparent upper plane-parallel plate and an oscillating fluoroplastic (PTFE) disk. Preliminary studies on this experimental setup using the LDF-channel of a "LAKK-M" system demonstrated the detection of the linear portion (0-10 Hz with a maximum signal corresponding to Doppler shift of about 20 kHz) of the LDF-signal from the oscillating frequency of the moving layer. The results suggest the possibility of applying this technique for the calibration of LDF devices

Opportunities for the analysis of the spatial ecological structure of the mycobiota of macromycetes of a natural-territorial entity (the case of the Botanical Garden of Belgorod University, Belgorod, Russia)

On the basis of direct observations, the general principles of the organization of the mycobiota of the macromycetes of the natural-territorial formation "Botanical Garden" of Belgorod State University (Belgorod, Russian Federation) have been clarified. Based on the clarified principles, a scheme of their spatial ecological organization has been constructed: mycobiota - mycohore (mycocenosis, mycoaggregation) - mycosinium-3 - mycocenocells - mycocell. The obtained results can be used to study the spatial ecological organization of mycobiota macromycetes of other natural-territorial formation