Examining repetition in user search behavior

This paper describes analyses of the repeated use of search engines. It is shown that users commonly re-issue queries, either to examine search results deeply or simply to query again, often days or weeks later. Hourly and weekly periodicities in behavior are observed for both queries and clicks. Navigational queries were found to be repeated differently from others

Meeting of the MINDS: an information retrieval research agenda

Since its inception in the late 1950s, the field of Information Retrieval (IR) has developed tools that help people find, organize, and analyze information. The key early influences on the field are well-known. Among them are H. P. Luhn's pioneering work, the development of the vector space retrieval model by Salton and his students, Cleverdon's development of the Cranfield experimental methodology, Spärck Jones' development of idf, and a series of probabilistic retrieval models by Robertson and Croft. Until the development of the WorldWideWeb (Web), IR was of greatest interest to professional information analysts such as librarians, intelligence analysts, the legal community, and the pharmaceutical industry

Involvement of the oxytocin system in sex-specific regulation of social behavior and sex-specific brain activation

Thesis advisor: Alexa H. VeenemaThe poorly understood, but robust sex differences in prevalence, symptom severity, and treatment responses of many psychiatric disorders characterized by social dysfunction signifies the importance of understanding the neurobiological mechanisms underlying sex differences in the regulation of social behaviors. One potential system involved is the oxytocin (OT) system. OT is an evolutionarily conserved neuropeptide that has been implicated in the regulation of a variety of social behaviors in rodents and humans. This thesis aims to clarify the role of OT in sex-specific regulation of social behavior and brain function in rats. Study 1 characterized sex differences in the OT system in the brain, and found that males show higher OT receptor (OTR) binding densities in several forebrain regions compared to females. Studies 2 and 3 then determined the relevance of these sex differences in OTR binding densities for the sex-specific regulation of social behavior using pharmacological manipulations of the OTR and in vivo measurement of OT release. Study 2 focused on the function of the OT system in the posterior bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNSTp), because this region showed the largest sex difference in OTR binding density, and is part of the core social behavior network. Results show that endogenous OT in the BNSTp is important for social recognition in both sexes, but that exogenous OT facilitated social recognition in males only. Furthermore, social recognition in males, but not in females, was associated with higher endogenous OT release in BNSTp. This study is the first to provide a link between sex differences in OTR binding density and OT release with sex-specific regulation of social recognition by OT. Study 3 focused on amygdala subregions because these regions were found to show sex-specific correlations of OTR binding density with social interest. Results show that the OT system modulates social interest in the central amygdala (CeA), but not the medial amygdala, in sex-specific ways, with activation of the OTR in the CeA facilitating social interest in males, but not in females. These results provide evidence that the CeA is a brain region involved in the sex-specific processing of social stimuli by the OT system. Finally, Study 4 examined whether sex differences in OTR binding densities in forebrain regions lead to sex-specific brain activation in response to OT. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) activation in awake male and female rats following central or peripheral administration of OT. Central OT administration induced sex differences in BOLD activation in numerous brain regions (including several regions with denser OTR binding in males), in which males showed predominantly higher activation compared to females. Peripheral OT administration also induced sex differences in BOLD activation, but in fewer brain regions and in different brain regions compared to central OT, indicating that the pattern and the magnitude of sex differences in neural activation induced by OT strongly depend on the route of administration. Together, outcomes of this thesis provide novel insight into the sexual dimorphic structure and function of the OT system in rats, and highlights the fact that research seeking a full understanding of the role of the OT system in behavioral and brain responses is incomplete without the inclusion of both sexes. These results may be informative given the increasing popularity of the use of OT as a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of social dysfunction in sex-biased psychiatric disorders.Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2016.Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences.Discipline: Psychology

Best Practices for Including Students with Autism, Disabilities, and Special Needs in Environmental Education

There have been numerous studies conducted on the benefits of outdoor and environmental education for students with special needs, but there have been very few studies on how to include students with special needs in these education types. This study attempted to answer the question “What are the best practices for including children with special needs, autism, and disabilities in environmental education?” This research was completed for Thorne Nature Experience in hopes that it could benefit students with special needs at other outdoor and environmental education facilities in the future. The data collection for this research included interviews and observation. These methods were approved by the Institutional Review Board at the University of Colorado. Eleven people were interviewed, including eight volunteers and staff members from Thorne Nature Experience and three people from other environmental education organizations. Preliminary observation data were gathered in September at the field trip program operated by Thorne Nature Experience at the Sombrero Marsh location in Boulder. In February, an after-school program at a local Boulder elementary school was observed. The interviews and observations revealed that there are numerous ways to better include students with special needs. If a program has sufficient resources, a separate, more unstructured class should be offered for students with special needs. Instructors should receive advance notice of any students with special needs attending a program. If an inclusiveness problem arises, the instructor should involve all the students in creating a solution. Activities should be team-oriented for students, and open-ended questions should be asked

Prop-fan data support study

Updated parametric prop-fan data packages are presented and the rationale used in developing the new prop-fan data is detailed. These data represent Hamilton Standard's projections of prop-fan characteristics for aircraft that are expected to be in-service in the 1985 to 1990 time frame. The basic prop-fan configuration was designed for efficient cruise operation at 0.8 Mach number and 10,668M altitude. The design blade tip speed is 244 mps and the design power loading is 301 KW/M squared

PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PROGRAM KONSERVASI MALEO (Macrocephalon maleo) DI DESA MATAINDO, KECAMATAN PINOLOSIAN TENGAH, KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW SELATAN

The objective of this study is to know the shape and the role of level of community participation in conservation programs Maleo (Macrocephalon maleo) in Mataindo Vilage, the research was conducted in Mataindo Vilage, sub distric Pinolosian Tengah, districs Bolaang Mongondow Selatan. The data collections have done by interviews. To specify of the sample to be interview are using the method simple random sampling. That the sampling of community randomly. With the total sample of 20 of respondents is obtained. Respondents interviewed were respondents lived 20 - 40 years old, age 41 - 50 years old, and 51 years and older. Mataindo village directly adjacent to the village Torosik in the east, west to the village Lungkap, south Maluku Sea, and north to the village of North Mataindo. The total area of the village of Mataindo is ± 3500 m² of the area of the District Middle Pinolosian. At this stage of planning with a form of activity following the meeting, to provide suggestion/ ideas, and get involved in decision making and implementation phase in the form of activity of making hathceries (nesting place) and plantation product (post-harvest) as well as monitoring activities. Based on the role of the level of community participation in the in conservation program maleo in Mataindo for village the planning, implementation and monitoring of are categorized be in between the active enough and activie

Analisis Pendapatan USAhatani Padi Sawah Berdasarkan Musim Panen di Kelurahan Taratara Satu Kecamatan Tomohon Barat Kota Tomohon

This study aims to determine the magnitude of paddy rice farm income and determine how the feasibility of paddy rice farming by the harvest season in Taratara One Village, West Tomohon Sub-district, Tomohon City. The research was carried on three months, from Februari to April 2016, which is located in Taratara One Village. The Samples of farmers is using simple random sampling method (simple random). Data analysis in this research using descriptive analysis with the help of the table, and to determine the amount of income using the formula: I = TR – TC. And the feasibility of farming using analysis of return ratio by the formula: a = R : C. Based on the analysis, the average farm income of paddy rice farmer managed respondents in Taratara One Village by harvest season for the first harvest season 1 (one) Rp. 22,664,971.19 per hectare and the second harvest 2 (two) Rp. 18,541,100.85 per hectare. Rated Ratio/Cost for the first harvest season one (1) by 3.46 and harvest 2 (two) of 2.83. Based decision rule if the value of R/C is more than one, it means paddy rice farming can provide benefits and well work the effort

ANALISIS TINGKAT KEPUASAN KONSUMEN DI RESTORAN LUMBUNG KAWANUA MANADO

The objective of this research is to measure the level of customer satisfaction of restaurant Lumbung Kawanua Manado viewed from the aspect of product, price, place, promotion and service. This research was conducted from September to October 2020, using primary and secondary data with sampling technique of accidental sampling method and respondents were 40 people. The method of analysis used is descriptive data analysis depicting Level of Consumer Satisfaction at Restaurant Lumbung Kawanua Manado. To measure the Level of Consumer Satisfaction at Restaurant Lumbung Kawanua Manado, use the Likert Scale. The result of the research showed that the perception index of customer satisfaction to Restaurant Lumbung Kawanua Manado was 85.6% and classified as very satisfied (SP). Keywords: Analicis, Satisfaction L

Effect of Tuned Parameters on a LSA MCQ Answering Model

This paper presents the current state of a work in progress, whose objective is to better understand the effects of factors that significantly influence the performance of Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA). A difficult task, which consists in answering (French) biology Multiple Choice Questions, is used to test the semantic properties of the truncated singular space and to study the relative influence of main parameters. A dedicated software has been designed to fine tune the LSA semantic space for the Multiple Choice Questions task. With optimal parameters, the performances of our simple model are quite surprisingly equal or superior to those of 7th and 8th grades students. This indicates that semantic spaces were quite good despite their low dimensions and the small sizes of training data sets. Besides, we present an original entropy global weighting of answers' terms of each question of the Multiple Choice Questions which was necessary to achieve the model's success.Comment: 9 page