Resistance of prey to predation and strike rate of the predators, Mononchoides longicaudatus and M. fortidens (Nematoda : Diplogasterida)

Resistance of prey nematodes to predation, strike rate of the predators, Mononchoides longicaudatus and M. fortidens and their ability to wound prey and feed upon them was determined on agar plates. M. longicaudatus and M. fortidens attacked al1 kinds of prey nematodes. The second stage juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita and Anguina tritici and the adult Acrobeloides sp., Cephalobus sp., and Panagrellus redivivus were most susceptible to predation while Hemicriconemoides mangiferae and Hoplolaimus indicus were totally resistant. Hirschmanniella oryzae, Helicotylenchus indicus, Tylenchorhynchus mashhoodi, Xiphinema americanum, Rhabditis sp., Trichodorus sp., and Longidorus sp., were attacked with intermediate frequencies. M. longicaudatus took a minimum of 15-25 min. to finish a juvenile of M. incognita and maximum 80-110 min. for the Longidorus sp., white M. fortidens consistently consumed prey at a faster rate

Lack of trust in maternal support is associated with negative interpretations of ambiguous maternal behavior

Attachment theory assumes that children who lack trust in maternal availability for support are more inclined to interpret maternal behavior in congruence with their expectation that mother will remain unavailable for support. To provide the first test of this assumption, early adolescents (9-13 years old) were asked to assess whether ambiguous interactions with mother should be interpreted in a positive or a negative way. In our sample (n = 322), results showed that early adolescents' lack of trust in their mother's availability for support was related to more negative interpretations of maternal behavior. The associations remained significant after controlling for depressive mood. The importance of these findings for our understanding of attachment theory, attachment stability, and clinical practice are discussed

Soil Rotifers new to Hungary from the floodplain Gemenc (Duna-Dráva National Park, Hungary)

In summer and autumn 2010, we collected soil samples from the Gemenc floodplain of the Danube (Duna-Dráva National Park) from places with different flood regimes and vegetation cover and examined them for rotifers. We found a total of 31 species; 14 of them are new to the Hungarian fauna. The Hungarian occurrence of 8 further species is confirmed based on their first detailed data from the country. The genus Wierzejskiella Wiszniewski, 1934 is also new for Hungary. This study provides additional support to the conclusion that floodplains of large rivers have a diverse and sensitive biota

Two mosses new to the Republic of South Africa and the moss Neckera valentiniana Besch. new to the Kingdom of Lesotho

Three mosses are reported as new to countries in southern Africa: Brothera leana (Sull.) Müll.Hal., Gammiella ceylonensis (Broth. in Herzog) B.C.Tan & W.R.Buck from KwaZulu-Natal and Neckera valentiniana Besch. from Lesotho

Nota sôbre o gênero Mononchus de nematódeos predadores

Seven species of the nematode genus Mononchus Bastian, 1865, were found in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Such are: M. subsimilis Cobb, 1917; M. ibitiensis Carvalho, 1951; M. piracicabae Lordello, 1953; M. risoceiae Carvalho, 1955; M. soutoi Carvalho, 1956; M. coronatus Carvalho, 1956; and M. jairi n. sp. Outside the State, the following species have been found: M. papillatus (Bastian, 1865) Cobb, 1916; M. monhystera Cobb, 1917; M. muscorum (Dujardin, 1845) Cobb, 1916; M. gymnolaimus (Cobb, 1893) Cobb, 1916; M. consimilis Cobb, 1917; M. trichurus Cobb, 1917; M. reversus Cobb, 1917; and M. dentatus Cobb, 1917 (LORDELLO, 1953). This field of investigation has scarcely been touched and additional collections will doubtless add new forms to the number of species known as yet. M. jairi n. sp. most closely resembling species is M. monhystera Cobb, 1917, from which it differs in having: a) labial region more expanded, set off from neck by a broad shallow depression; b) anterior portion of the pharynx-wall rather thinner and directed outward; and, c) smaller dimensions (788.0-924.0: 1,100.0 micros)