275 research outputs found
Reporting methodological search filter performance comparisons : a literature review
© 2014 The authors. Health Information and Libraries Journal © 2014 Health Libraries Journal.Peer reviewedPostprin
Writing Across the Curriculum Spring 2021 Faculty Survey
In April 2021 the Docking Institute of Public Affairs conducted an online survey of FHSU faculty members for FHSU’s Writing Across the Curriculum Committee. The survey addressed attitudes, perceptions, and practices about writing assignments in undergraduate courses. This report provides univariate analysis of each survey question
Choosing and using methodological search filters : searchers' views
© 2014 The authors. Health Information and Libraries Journal © 2014 Health Libraries Group.Peer reviewedPostprin
The histidine-reversible antibiotic herbicolin O produced by Pantoea vagans C9-1 is pantocin A
Pantoea vagans C9-1 is one of the most effective and reliable biocontrol agents against fire blight, and has been commercialized as Blight Ban C9-1. Production of multiple antibiotics contributes to its antagonism of Erwinia amylovora. Here we describe the genetics, chemical isolation and structure of herbicolin O, the histidine-reversible antibiotic produced by P. vagans C9-1. Mutational analyses indicated that biosynthesis of herbicolin O depends on paaAB and a sequence encoding the peptide precursor of pantocin A. The paaABC gene cluster encoding biosynthesis and autoresistance was located within a 28-kb chromosomal genomic island of the complete genome sequence of P. vagans C9-1. The cluster was cloned and expressed in E. coli and purified antibiotic was isolated using improved methods for small peptides. The 1H NMR spectra of the C9-1 antibiotic closely resembled those of pantocin A produced by P. agglomerans Eh318. Detailed analysis of the proton spin systems showed that the chemical shift values and coupling constants of the protons in C9-1 herbicolin O correspond exactly to those of pantocin A. Based on these genetic and chemical analyses, herbicolin O and pantocin A are confirmed to be the same antibiotic
The K+ Channel KCa3.1 as a Novel Target for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Background\ud
\ud
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a common, progressive and invariably lethal interstitial lung disease with no effective therapy. We hypothesised that KCa3.1 K+ channel-dependent cell processes contribute to IPF pathophysiology.\ud
Methods\ud
\ud
KCa3.1 expression in primary human lung myofibroblasts was examined using RT-PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence and patch-clamp electrophysiology. The role of KCa3.1 channels in myofibroblast proliferation, wound healing, collagen secretion and contraction was examined using two specific and distinct KCa3.1 blockers (TRAM-34 and ICA-17043 [Senicapoc]).\ud
Results\ud
\ud
Both healthy non fibrotic control and IPF-derived human lung myofibroblasts expressed KCa3.1 channel mRNA and protein. KCa3.1 ion currents were elicited more frequently and were larger in IPF-derived myofibroblasts compared to controls. KCa3.1 currents were increased in myofibroblasts by TGFβ1 and basic FGF. KCa3.1 was expressed strongly in IPF tissue. KCa3.1 pharmacological blockade attenuated human myofibroblast proliferation, wound healing, collagen secretion and contractility in vitro, and this was associated with inhibition of TGFβ1-dependent increases in intracellular free Ca2+.\ud
Conclusions\ud
\ud
KCa3.1 activity promotes pro-fibrotic human lung myofibroblast function. Blocking KCa3.1 may offer a novel approach to treating IPF with the potential for rapid translation to the clinic
The Iowa Homemaker vol.35, no.11
Message from Dean Lebaron, page 5
Iowa Staters at AHEA, Cathy Watson, page 6
Evolution of a Coed, Jane Rowe, page 7
“Yes, I Am the Teacher”, Carol Hermeier, page 8
Honoraries and You, Joanne Will, page 10
Inside Football, Bill Duffy, page 12
Karla Baur – Student Career Girl, Ann Baur, page 13
What’s New, Marcia Wilsie, page 14
Storage Hints, Martha Burleigh, page 15
Introducing: Pilar Garcia from Manila, Margot Copeland, page 15
Trends, Martha Elder, page 1
Data from: Genotyping-by-Sequencing for Populus Population Genomics: An Assessment of Genome Sampling Patterns and Filtering Approaches
Continuing advances in nucleotide sequencing technology are inspiring a suite of genomic approaches in studies of natural populations. Researchers are faced with data management and analytical scales that are increasing by orders of magnitude. With such dramatic advances comes a need to understand biases and error rates, which can be propagated and magnified in large-scale data acquisition and processing. Here we assess genomic sampling biases and the effects of various population-level data filtering strategies in a genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) protocol. We focus on data from two species of Populus, because this genus has a relatively small genome and is emerging as a target for population genomic studies. We estimate the proportions and patterns of genomic sampling by examining the Populus trichocarpa genome (Nisqually-1), and demonstrate a pronounced bias towards coding regions when using the methylation-sensitive ApeKI restriction enzyme in this species. Using population-level data from a closely related species (P. tremuloides), we also investigate various approaches for filtering GBS data to retain high-depth, informative SNPs that can be used for population genetic analyses. We find a data filter that includes the designation of ambiguous alleles resulted in metrics of population structure and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium that were most consistent with previous studies of the same populations based on other genetic markers. Analyses of the filtered data (27,910 SNPs) also resulted in patterns of heterozygosity and population structure similar to a previous study using microsatellites. Our application demonstrates that technically and analytically simple approaches can readily be developed for population genomics of natural populations
Cost‐effectiveness of real‐world administration of tobacco pharmacotherapy in the United States Veterans Health Administration
Background and aimsCost‐effectiveness studies in randomized clinical trials have shown that tobacco cessation pharmacotherapy is among the most cost‐effective of health‐care interventions. Clinical trial eligibility criteria and treatment protocols may not be followed in actual practice. This study aimed to determine whether tobacco cessation pharmacotherapy is cost‐effective in real‐world settings.DesignA retrospective analysis of costs and outcomes.SettingHospitals and clinics of the US Veterans Health Administration, USA.ParticipantsA total of 589 862 US veterans who screened positive for tobacco use in 2011.Intervention and comparatorTobacco users who initiated smoking cessation pharmacotherapy in the 6 months after screening were compared with those who did not use pharmacotherapy in this period. Pharmacotherapy included nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion (if prescribed at 300 mg per day or specifically for tobacco cessation) or varenicline.MeasuresEffectiveness was determined from responses to a subsequent tobacco screening conducted between 7 and 18 months after the treatment observation period. Cost of medications and prescribing health‐care encounters was determined for the period between initial and follow‐up tobacco use screening. Multivariate fixed‐effects regression was used to assess the effect of initial treatment status on cost and outcome while controlling for differences in case‐mix with propensity weighting to adjust for confounding by indication.FindingsThirteen per cent of participants received tobacco cessation pharmacotherapy within 6 months of initial screening. After an average of an additional 218.1 days’ follow‐up, those who initially received pharmacotherapy incurred 4705 per quit. The upper limit of the 99.9% confidence region was 7144 per quit, with the upper limit of the 99.9% confidence region 4705 per quit.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/150598/1/add14621_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/150598/2/add14621.pd
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Effects of seasonal and interannual variability in along-shelf and cross-shelf transport on groundfish recruitment in the eastern Bering Sea
The Bering Sea responds rapidly to atmospheric perturbations and over the past several decades has experienced extreme variability in both its physical and biological characteristics. These changes can
impact organisms that inhabit the region, particularly marine fishes, as normal current patterns to which
reproductive habits are tuned can be disrupted, which, in turn, may influence recruitment and
population dynamics. To understand the influence of ocean circulation on groundfish recruitment in
the eastern Bering Sea, we examined transport along and across the Bering Slope derived from 23 years
(1982–2004) of simulations from a Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) ocean circulation model.
We expected that changes in the strength and position of the Bering Slope Current (BSC) would affect
recruitment in selected species (Pacific cod, walleye pollock, Greenland halibut, Pacific halibut, and
arrowtooth flounder), and that circulation features along and across the shelf edge would be strongly
influenced by atmospheric forcing. Variability in along-shelf transport at three transects along the path of
the BSC, cross-shelf transport across the 100 and 200 m isobaths, and transport through Unimak Pass
were examined. Strong seasonal and interannual variations in flow were observed, with transport
typically highest during fall and winter months, coinciding with timing of spawning activity in the five
species. Significant correlations were found between transport, BSC position, and groundfish recruitment.
Pacific cod, in particular, benefitted from decreased along-shelf and on-shelf flow, while Pacific
halibut recruitment increased in relation to increased on-shelf transport through southern canyons. The
results of this study improve our understanding of variability in circulation and associated effects on
groundfish recruitment in the eastern Bering Sea.Keywords: Recruitment,
Slope,
Cross-shelf,
Ocean currents,
Variability,
Groundfish,
Bering Sea,
Transport,
Along-shel
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