Проблема аномии в современном обществе: социально-философский аспект

У статті підкреслюється актуальність соціально-філософської рефлексії аномії в умовах сучасного соціуму, що виникла із-за руйнування аксіосфери, звичного способу життя, послаблення ролі соціальних інститутів, трансформація системи соціальних норм, правил і приписів. Вказується, що проблема соціальної аномії не є «надбанням» сучасності, оскільки у всі часи суспільство прагнуло усувати небажані форми людської діяльності та їх носіїв. Акцентується увага на тому, що в сучасному українському суспільстві проблема аномії загострилася особливо, оскільки розгортається вона не лише на тлі пострадянських трансформацій, але і таких процесів загальносвітового масштабу, як глобалізація, інформатизація, змасовлення суспільства, криза культурної і соціальної ідентичності.In the article the essential dimensions of social-philosophical reflection of anomie is underlined in the conditions of modern socium are revealed. Socio-economic reforms which took place on all former soviet union space, including – and in Ukraine, resulted not only in socio-political instability, but also to destruction of aksiosphere, destructive processes in a social and cultural sphere, high social tension. Destruction of usual way of life, weakening of role of social institutes, transformation of the system of social norms, governed and orders negatively influenced on all sides of life of population, sharpening the problem of social anomie. A problem of social anomie is not «acquisition» of contemporaneity, in fact at all times society aimed to remove the undesirable forms of human activity and their transmitters. Methods and facilities of fight against «rejections» were conditioned socio-economic relations, public consciousness, culture and valued orientations in society, by interests of ruling elite. However in modern Ukrainian society the problem of anomie became sharp especially, as it is opened out not only on a background transformations of former soviet union space, but also such processes of world scale, as globalization, informatization, forming of mass society, crisis of cultural and social identity etc.В статье подчеркивается актуальность социально-философской рефлексии аномии в условиях современного социума, возникшую из-за разрушения аксиосферы, привычного образа жизни, ослабление роли социальных институтов, трансформация системы социальных норм, правил и предписаний. Указывается, что проблема социальной аномии не является «приобретением» современности, поскольку во все времена общество стремилось устранять нежелательные формы человеческой деятельности и их носителей. Акцентируется внимание на том, что в современном украинском обществе проблема аномии заострилась особенно, поскольку разворачивается она не только на фоне постсоветских трансформаций, но и таких процессов общемирового масштаба, как глобализация, информатизация, омассовление общества, кризис культурной и социальной идентичности

FIGURE 10 in A review of the Cautires obsoletus species group from Indo – Burma (Coleoptera: Lycidae)

FIGURE 10. The distribution of the Cautires obsoletus and C. pauper species groups in the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, and Borneo. The C. obsoletus group. 1. C. apicalis, 2. C. ater, 3. C. obsoletus, 4. C. bicoloratus, 5. C. coccineus, 6. C. cognatus,7. C. corporaali, 8. C. duplicatus, 9. C. imitator, 10. C. inhumeralis, 11. C. javanus, 12. C. lineatus, 13. C. longissimus, 14. C. nebulosus, 15. C. nigromaculatus, 16. C. pudicus, 17. C. rianganus, 18. C. singularithorax, 19. C. triangularis. The Cautires pauper group. 20. C. pauper, 21. C. arens, 22. C. argilosus, 23. C. lyciformis, 24. C. malayensis, 25. C. nigricolor

Association of neuron-specific enolase values with outcomes in cardiac arrest survivors is dependent on the time of sample collection

Abstract Background Despite marked advances in intensive cardiology care, current options for outcome prediction in cardiac arrest survivors remain significantly limited. The aim of our study was, therefore, to compare the day-specific association of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) with outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors treated with hypothermia. Methods Eligible patients were OHCA survivors treated with targeted temperature management at 33 °C for 24 h using an endovascular device. Blood samples for NSE levels measurement were drawn on days 1, 2, 3, and 4 after hospital admission. Thirty-day neurological outcomes according to the Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) scale and 12-month mortality were evaluated as clinical end points. Results A total of 153 cardiac arrest survivors (mean age 64.2 years) were enrolled in the present study. Using ROC analysis, optimal cutoff values of NSE for prediction of CPC 3–5 score on specific days were determined as: day 1 > 20.4 mcg/L (sensitivity 63.3%; specificity 82.1%; P = 0.002); day 2 > 29.0 mcg/L (72.5%; 94.4%; P  20.7 mcg/L (94.4%; 86.7%; P  19.4 mcg/L (93.5%; 91.0%; P 50.2 mcg/L at day 4 was associated with poor outcome with 100% specificity and 42% sensitivity. Moreover, NSE levels measured on all individual days also predicted 12-month mortality (P  18.1 mcg/L (85.3%; 72.0%; P  20.0 mcg/L, together with a change > 0.0 mcg/L from day 3 to day 4, predicted poor outcome (CPC 3–5) with 100% specificity and 73% sensitivity. Conclusions Our results suggest that NSE levels are a useful tool for predicting 30-day neurological outcome and long-term mortality in OHCA survivors treated with targeted temperature management at 33 °C. The highest associations of NSE with outcomes were observed on day 4 and day 3 after cardiac arrest

Use of a dome-shaped silicone obstetric pessary in pregnant women with placenta previa as a method for prevention of early preterm delivery

Objective. To evaluate the efficiency of using an obstetric pessary in combination of progesterone in a group of pregnant women at high risk for miscarriage and placenta previa. Subjects and methods. A total of 217 pregnant women at high risk for preterm delivery with placenta previa were examined. A study group (Group A) consisted of 81 pregnant women, in whom a comprehensive approach with a Dr. Arabin obstetric pessary was used in combination with micronized progesterone; a comparison group (Group B) included 136 patients who received micronized progesterone only. During the investigation, each group was divided into subgroups according to the type of placenta previa: Groups IA1 (n = 13), IB1 (n = 50) with complete placenta previa, Groups IA2 (n = 25), IB2 (n = 37) with incomplete placenta previa and Groups IA3 (n = 43), IB3 (n = 49) with low placentation. Resu1ts. The highest rate of complications as bleeding was detected in Group B: in 48.6 (18/37) of the patients with incomplete placenta previa during pregnancy and in 80.0% (40/50) of the parturient women with complete placenta previa during labor. Bleeding during pregnancy was three times less frequently seen in the group of patients who used a Dr. Arabin in combination with progesterone than in that receiving progesterone only: 11.1% (9/81) versus 33.1% (45/136), respectively (χ2 = 7.416; p = 0.006). Early premature deliveries occurring at less than 34 weeks’ gestation was 2.7 times less frequently observed in Group A than in Group B (χ2 = 4.678; p = 0.031). Placental migration was diagnosed 1.8 times significantly more often in Group A, mainly in the lowplacentation subgroup (χ2 = 4.369; p = 0.037) due to the lower resistance index in the arcuate arteries and to the change in the anterior uterocervical angle. Conclusion. The combined approach to managing patients with placenta previa at high risk for miscarriage reduces the frequency of early preterm delivery at 34 weeks’ gestation by 2.7 times and the risk of bleeding during labor by 3 times. Placental migration occurs in 48.1% of the pregnant women with placenta previa when a Dr. Arabin obstetric pessary is used. © Bionika Media Ltd

Use of a dome-shaped silicone obstetric pessary in pregnant women with placenta previa as a method for prevention of early preterm delivery

Objective. To evaluate the efficiency of using an obstetric pessary in combination of progesterone in a group of pregnant women at high risk for miscarriage and placenta previa. Subjects and methods. A total of 217 pregnant women at high risk for preterm delivery with placenta previa were examined. A study group (Group A) consisted of 81 pregnant women, in whom a comprehensive approach with a Dr. Arabin obstetric pessary was used in combination with micronized progesterone; a comparison group (Group B) included 136 patients who received micronized progesterone only. During the investigation, each group was divided into subgroups according to the type of placenta previa: Groups IA1 (n = 13), IB1 (n = 50) with complete placenta previa, Groups IA2 (n = 25), IB2 (n = 37) with incomplete placenta previa and Groups IA3 (n = 43), IB3 (n = 49) with low placentation. Resu1ts. The highest rate of complications as bleeding was detected in Group B: in 48.6 (18/37) of the patients with incomplete placenta previa during pregnancy and in 80.0% (40/50) of the parturient women with complete placenta previa during labor. Bleeding during pregnancy was three times less frequently seen in the group of patients who used a Dr. Arabin in combination with progesterone than in that receiving progesterone only: 11.1% (9/81) versus 33.1% (45/136), respectively (χ2 = 7.416; p = 0.006). Early premature deliveries occurring at less than 34 weeks’ gestation was 2.7 times less frequently observed in Group A than in Group B (χ2 = 4.678; p = 0.031). Placental migration was diagnosed 1.8 times significantly more often in Group A, mainly in the lowplacentation subgroup (χ2 = 4.369; p = 0.037) due to the lower resistance index in the arcuate arteries and to the change in the anterior uterocervical angle. Conclusion. The combined approach to managing patients with placenta previa at high risk for miscarriage reduces the frequency of early preterm delivery at 34 weeks’ gestation by 2.7 times and the risk of bleeding during labor by 3 times. Placental migration occurs in 48.1% of the pregnant women with placenta previa when a Dr. Arabin obstetric pessary is used. © Bionika Media Ltd

Methylation analysis of histone H4K12ac-associated promoters in sperm of healthy donors and subfertile patients

BACKGROUND: Histone to protamine exchange and the hyperacetylation of the remaining histones are hallmarks of spermiogenesis. Acetylation of histone H4 at lysine 12 (H4K12ac) was observed prior to full decondensation of sperm chromatin after fertilization suggesting an important role for the regulation of gene expression in early embryogenesis. Similarly, DNA methylation may contribute to gene silencing of several developmentally important genes. Following the identification of H4K12ac-binding promoters in sperm of fertile and subfertile patients, we aimed to investigate whether the depletion of histone-binding is associated with aberrant DNA methylation in sperm of subfertile men. Furthermore, we monitored the transmission of H4K12ac, 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) from the paternal chromatin to the embryo applying mouse in vitro fertilization and immunofluorescence. RESULTS:Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) with anti-H4K12ac antibody was performed with chromatin isolated from spermatozoa of subfertile patients with impaired sperm chromatin condensation assessed by aniline blue staining. Fertile donors were used as control. DNA methylation analysis of selected H4K12ac-interacting promoters in spermatozoa was performed by pyrosequencing.Depletion of binding sites for H4K12ac was observed within the following developmentally important promoters: AFF4, EP300, LRP5, RUVBL1, USP9X, NCOA6, NSD1, and POU2F1. We found 5% to 10% hypomethylation within CpG islands of selected promoters in the sperm of fertile donors, and it was not significantly altered in the subfertile group. Our results demonstrate that the H4K12ac depletion in selected developmentally important promoters of subfertile patients was not accompanied by a change of DNA methylation.Using a murine model, immunofluorescence revealed that H4K12ac co-localize with 5mC in the sperm nucleus. During fertilization, when the pronuclei are formed, the paternal pronucleus exhibits a strong acetylation signal on H4K12, while in the maternal pronucleus, there is a permanent increase of H4K12ac until pronuclei fusion. Simultaneously, there is an increase of the 5hmC signal and a decrease of the 5mC signal. CONCLUSIONS:We suggest that aberrant histone acetylation within developmentally important gene promoters in subfertile men, but not DNA methylation, may reflect insufficient sperm chromatin compaction affecting the transfer of epigenetic marks to the oocyte