Antiplatelets versus Anticoagulants for the Treatment of Cervical Artery Dissection: Bayesian Meta-Analysis

Peer reviewe

Le Forum, Vol. 41 No. 4

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/francoamericain_forum/1093/thumbnail.jp

Anemia in Patients With Resistance to Thyroid Hormone α: A Role for Thyroid Hormone Receptor α in Human Erythropoiesis

Context: Patients with resistance to thyroid hormone (TH) α (RTHα) are characterized by growth retardation, macrocephaly, constipation, and abnormal thyroid function tests. In addition, almost all RTHα patients have mild anemia, the pathogenesis of which is unknown. Animal studies suggest an important role for TH and TH receptor (TR)α in erythropoiesis. Objective: To investigate whether a defect in TRα affects the maturation of red blood cells in RTHα patients. Design, Setting, and Patients: Cultures of primary human erythroid progenitor cells (HEPs), from peripheral blood of RTHα patients (n = 11) harboring different inactivating mutations in TRα (P398R, F397fs406X, C392X, R384H, A382fs388X, A263V, A263S), were compared with healthy controls (n = 11). During differentiation, erythroid cells become smaller, accumulate hemoglobin, and express different cell surface markers. We assessed cell number and cell size, and used cell staining and fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis to monitor maturation at different time points. Results: After ∼14 days of ex vivo expansion, both control and patient-derived progenitors differentiated spontaneously. However, RTHα-derived cells differentiated more slowly. During spontaneous differentiation, RTHα-derived HEPs were larger, more positive for c-Kit (a proliferation marker), and less positive for glycophorin A (a differentiation marker). The degree of abnormal spontaneous maturation of RTHα-derived progenitors did not correlate with severity of underlying TRα defect. Both control and RTHα-derived progenitors responded similarly when differentiation was induced. T3 exposure accelerated differentiation of both control- and RTHα patient-derived HEPs. Conclusions: Inactivating mutations in human TRα affect the balance between proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cells during erythropoiesis, which may contribute to the mild anemia seen in most RTHα patients.A.L.M.v.G., M.E.M., and R.P.P. are supported by ZonMWTOP Grant 91212044 and an Erasmus MC Medical Research Advisory Committee (MRACE) grant. A.L.M.v.G. and R.P.P. are also supported by a European Thyroid Association (ETA) research grant. K. Chatterjee is supported by Wellcome Trust Investigator Award 095564/Z/11/Z. K. Chatterjee and C.M. are supported by the National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre

OCDE/PEB : étude de cas province de Québec : école des métiers et occupations de l'industrie de la construction de Québec /

Titre de départ"Une conférence internationale par le Programme de l'OCDE pour la construction et l'équipement de l'éducation et le Ministère de l'éducation de la Province de Québec"En-tête du titre: Les locaux de l'enseignement professionnel et techniqu

Maintenir la paix en zones postconflit

Dans un monde où les opérations policières de paix se substituent graduellement aux opérations exclusivement militaires, à quels défis organisationnels les services de police contributeurs et les sociétés hôtes sont-ils confrontés ? Quelles sont les motivations institutionnelles et individuelles à participer à de telles opérations ? Quels liens unissent les contingents internationaux aux polices locales et aux autres acteurs du maintien de la paix ? À partir d’études de terrain réalisées dans des contextes variés (Balkans, Afghanistan, Haïti, Timor-Leste…), des chercheurs provenant de disciplines aussi diverses que la science politique, la sociologie, la criminologie ou le droit esquissent les grandes lignes d’un champ de recherche dédié aux opérations de maintien de la paix et aux processus complexes qui permettent à des sociétés divisées de se réconcilier et de rétablir des institutions policières légitimes.À Simone et Maxime, nos doux tyran

Pooled relative risks of primary and secondary outcomes comparing antiplatelets with anticoagulants.

<p>^* Primary endpoint. ICH = intracranial haemorrhage; TIA = transient ischaemic attack.</p

Number of included patients and events reported in included studies.

*<p>Primary endpoint.</p><p>IS = Ischaemic Stroke; ICH = intracranial haemorrhage; TIA = transient ischaemic attack.</p><p>Ref = references.</p

Study flow diagram.

<p>Study flow diagram.</p