Study on the Status and Influencing Factors of First Aid Knowledge and Skills of Community Residents

To analyze the current situation of first aid knowledge and skills of community residents in Yibin City and related influencing factors, and to explore effective ways to improve the knowledge and skills of community residents in Yibin City. A questionnaire survey was conducted with a convenience sample of 589 community residents in Yibin city. The first aid questionnaire designed by Li Li was used to investigate the knowledge of seven aspects, including first aid telephone, cardiac and respiratory arrest, trauma, accidental injury, common emergencies and other first aid. The score of first aid knowledge was (35.2±6.9), and the pass rate was 72.84%. It was found that there were statistical differences in the total pass rate of first aid knowledge and skills among community residents with different genders, ages, occupations, training experiences, and text studies, but there was no statistical difference in the total pass rate of first aid knowledge and skills among community residents with different health conditions and different first aid experiences. Community residents who were female, 18-25 years old, medical personnel/medical students, had training experience, and had obtained a first aid certificate had the highest pass rates and the best first aid knowledge and skills

Stereoscopic diagnosing of a filament-cavity flux rope system by tracing the path of a two-sided-loop jet

The fine magnetic structure is vitally important to understanding the formation, stabilization and eruption of solar filaments, but so far, it is still an open question yet to be resolved. Using stereoscopic observations taken by the Solar Dynamics Observatory and Solar TErrestrial RElations Obsevatory, we studied the generation mechanism of a two-sided-loop jet (TJ) and the ejection process of the jet plasma into the overlying filament-cavity system. We find that the generation of the two-sided-loop jet was due to the magnetic reconnection between an emerging flux loop and the overlying filament. The jet's two arms ejected along the filament axis during the initial stage. Then, the north arm bifurcated into two parts at about 50 Mm from the reconnection site. After the bifurcation, the two bifurcated parts were along the filament axis and the cavity which hosted the filament, respectively. By tracing the ejecting plasma flows of the TJ inside the filament, we not only measured that the magnetic twist stored in the filament was at least 5$\pi$ but also found that the fine magnetic structure of the filament-cavity flux rope system is in well agreement with the theoretical results of Magnetic flux rope models.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures. Accepted by the MNRAS Letter

Research on the Stability of NDGM Model with the Fractional Order Accumulation and Its Optimization

The grey forecasting model has been successfully applied in numerous fields since it was proposed. The nonhomogeneous discrete grey model (NDGM) was approximately constructed based on the nonhomogeneous index trend; it increased the applicability of discrete grey model. However, the NDGM required accurate data and better effect when the original data did not meet the conditions and fitting and prediction errors were larger. For this, the NDGM with the fractional order accumulating operator (abbreviated as NDGMp/q) has higher performance. In this paper, the matrix perturbation bound of the parameters was used to analyze the stability of NDGMp/q and the NDGMp/q can decrease the disturbance bound. Subsequently, the parameter estimation method of NDGMp/q was studied and the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm was employed to optimize the order number of NDGMp/q and some steps were provided. In addition, the results of two practical examples demonstrated that the perturbation of NDGMp/q was smaller than that of NDGM and provided remarkable predication performance compared with the traditional NDGM model and DGM model

Two Novel Dermaseptin-Like Antimicrobial Peptides with Anticancer Activities from the Skin Secretion of Pachymedusa dacnicolor

The dermaseptin antimicrobial peptide family contains members of 27–34 amino acids in length that have been predominantly isolated from the skins/skin secretions of phyllomedusine leaf frogs. By use of a degenerate primer in Rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) PCR designed to a common conserved domain within the 5′-untranslated regions of previously-characterized dermaseptin encoding cDNAs, two novel members of this peptide family, named dermaseptin-PD-1 and dermaseptin-PD-2, were identified in the skin secretion of the phyllomedusine frog, Pachymedusa dacnicolor. The primary structures of both peptides were predicted from cloned cDNAs, as well as being confirmed by mass spectral analysis of crude skin secretion fractions resulted from reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Chemically-synthesized replicates of dermaseptin-PD-1 and dermaseptin-PD-2 were investigated for antimicrobial activity using standard model microorganisms (Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and a yeast) and for cytotoxicity using mammalian red blood cells. The possibility of synergistic effects between the two peptides and their anti-cancer cell proliferation activities were assessed. The peptides exhibited moderate to high inhibition against the growth of the tested microorganisms and cancer cell lines with low haemolytic activity. Synergistic interaction between the two peptides in inhibiting the proliferation of Escherichia coli and human neuronal glioblastoma cell line, U251MG was also manifested

Tandem Hydrogenolysis-Hydrogenation of Lignin-Derived Oxygenates over Integrated Dual Catalysts with Optimized Interoperations.

The efficient hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of lignin-derived oxygenates is essential but challenging owing to the inherent complexity of feedstock and the lack of effective catalytic approaches. A catalytic strategy has been developed that separates C-O hydrogenolysis and aromatic hydrogenation on different active catalysts with interoperation that can achieve high oxygen removal in lignin-derived oxygenates. The flexible use of tungsten carbide for C-O bond cleavage and a nickel catalyst with controlled particle size for arene hydrogenation enables the tunable production of cyclohexane and cyclohexanol with almost full conversion of guaiacol. Such integration of dual catalysts in close proximity enables superior HDO of bio-oils into liquid alkanes with high mass and carbon yields of 27.9 and 45.0 wt %, respectively. This finding provides a new effective strategy for practical applications

Interfacing with silica boosts the catalysis of copper

厦门大学化学化工学院郑南峰教授团队长期致力于研究固体功能材料的表界面化学行为，在分子水平上实现对固体功能材料的化学性能的调控与优化。得益于固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室的多学科合作以及能源材料化学协同创新中心的多单位优势互补，郑南峰教授课题组通过与校内外多个课题组的密切合作，近期在功能材料的可控制备、复杂表界面结构的高分辨表征和表界面过程分子机制的深入理解等方面取得系列重要进展，相关成果近期均在Nature Communications发表。 与厦门大学傅钢、袁友珠教授以及中国科学院物理研究所谷林研究员密切合作，历时五年，在多相催化的金属-载体界面效应研究方面取得重要进展。SiO2被广泛用作工业负载型金属催化剂的载体，多被视为惰性载体，在催化过程中仅起到分散金属的作用。郑南峰教授领衔的合作研究打破这个催化领域的“定式”。他们发现了“惰性”载体SiO2与Cu之间存在可以数量级提升酯基加氢催化性能的活性界面，揭示了相关界面效应的分子作用机制，并应用于指导实用铜催化剂的制备。【Abstract】Metal-support interaction is one of the most important parameters in controlling the catalysis of supported metal catalysts. Silica, a widely used oxide support, has been rarely reported as an effective support to create active metal-support interfaces for promoting catalysis. In this work, by coating Cu microparticles with mesoporous SiO2, we discover that Cu/SiO2 interface creates an exceptional effect to promote catalytic hydrogenation of esters. Both computational and experimental studies reveal that Cu–Hδ− and SiO–Hδ+ species would be formed at the Cu–O–SiOx interface upon H2 dissociation, thus promoting the ester hydrogenation by stablizing the transition states. Based on the proposed catalytic mechanism, encapsulting copper phyllosilicate nanotubes with mesoporous silica followed by hydrogen reduction is developed as an effective method to create a practical Cu nanocatalyst with abundant Cu-O-SiOx interfaces. The catalyst exhibits the best performance in the hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate to ethylene glycol among all reported Cu catalysts.We thank the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0207302, 2017YFA0207303, 2017YFA0206801), the NNSF of China (21731005, 21420102001, 21721001, 21333008, 21373167, 21573178), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (20720160046) for financial support. 研究工作得到了科技部、国家自然科学基金委和教育部，中科院先导项目，国家重点研发计划，分子反应动力学国家重点实验室开放课题基金等项目的资助