The mature female clothing shopper : profiles and shopping behaviour

The original publication is available at http://www.sajip.co.zaCITATION: Visser, E.M., Du Preez, R. & Du Toit, J.B. 1996. The mature female clothing shopper : profiles and shopping behaviour. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 22(2):1-6, doi:10.4102/sajip.v22i2.603.This study was designed to profile the mature female clothing shopper. More specifically certain variables that could be attributed to differences in consumer behaviour were investigated. Mature female clothing shoppers were segmented as clothing moderates, clothing enthusiasts and the clothing unconcerned. These three cluster groups significantly differed regarding clothing involvement, clothing orientation, activities, interests, opinions, family orientation, needs and media usage. No significant differences were found among the three groups regarding evaluative criteria for clothing and clothing store attributes. Profiles of the clusters were developed, along with applicable marketing implications. Recommendations for further research are made.Hierdie studie is onderneem ten einde die vroulike kledingverbruikers van 55 en ouer te tipeer. Die veranderlikes wat 'n bydrae kon lewer ten opsigte van die verskille in verbruikersgedrag is ondersoek. Die verbruikers is gesegmenteer as die kledinggematigdes, kleding- entoesiaste en die kleding-onbetrokkenes. Die drie groeperings verskil beduidend van mekaar ten opsigte van die volgende veranderlikes naamlik: kleding-betrokkenheid, kleding-oriëntasie, aktiwiteite belangstellings, opinies, familie oriëntasie, behoeftes en media gebruik. Geen beduidende verskille kon gevind word tussen die drie groeperings ten opsigte van die veranderlikes evalueringskriteria van klere en winkeleienskappe nie. Profiele van die verskillende trosse is ontwikkel en die bemarkingsimplikasies is uitgewys. Aanbevelings vir verdere navorsing word gedoen.Publishers' Versio

Characterisation of Pinotage Wine During Maturation on Different Oak Products

The effect of oak contact on the phenolic composition, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and colour of Pinotage wineswas investigated during maturation. Oak maturation included traditional treatments, such as new, second-fill andthird-fill barrels, as well as alternative treatments (oak chips, staves, extract and dust) applied in old barrels over aperiod of 28 weeks. Oak maturation using traditional and alternative treatments improved the objective colour ofPinotage wine by decreasing the L* value. Losses in TAC caused by decreased concentrations of monomeric phenoliccompounds (most anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, flavonols and hydroxycinnamic acids) during oak maturation werenegated by increased concentrations of gallic acid and the formation of new oligomeric and polymeric pigments.Wine maturation in stainless steel containers also resulted in a decrease in anthocyanin content. The decreasein phenolic acid content for wines matured in stainless steel was less pronounced, while their flavan-3-ol contentremained stable. The new-barrel treatment had the most pronounced effect on all parameters. Oak maturation canbe used for the production of Pinotage wine when the retention of TAC is a high priority

A phylogenetically distinct lineage of Pyrenopeziza brassicae associated with chlorotic leaf spot of Brassicaceae in North America

Light leaf spot, caused by the ascomycete Pyrenopeziza brassicae Sutton & Rawlinson, is an established disease of Brassicaceae in the United Kingdom (UK), continental Europe, and Oceania (OC, including New Zealand and Australia). The disease was reported in North America (NA) for the first time in 2014 on Brassica spp. in the Willamette Valley of western Oregon, followed by detection in Brassica juncea cover crops and on B. rapa weeds in northwestern Washington in 2016. Preliminary DNA sequence data and field observations suggest that isolates of the pathogen present in NA might be distinct from those in the UK, continental Europe, and OC. Comparisons of isolates from these regions genetically (multilocus sequence analysis, MAT gene sequences, and rep-PCR DNA fingerprinting), pathogenically (B. rapa inoculation studies), biologically (sexual compatibility), and morphologically (colony and conidial morphology) demonstrated two genetically distinct evolutionary lineages. Lineage 1 comprised isolates from the UK, continental Europe, and OC, and included the P. brassicae type specimen. Lineage 2 contained the NA isolates associated with recent disease outbreaks in the Pacific Northwest region of the USA. Symptoms caused by isolates of the two lineages on B. rapa and B. juncea differed, so ‘chlorotic leaf spot’ is proposed for the disease caused by lineage 2 isolates of P. brassicae. Isolates of the two lineages differed in genetic diversity as well as sensitivity to the fungicides carbendazim and prothioconazole

Comparing laboratory costs of smear/culture and Xpert(®) MTB/RIF-based tuberculosis diagnostic algorithms

SETTING: Cape Town, South Africa, where Xpert® MTB/RIF was introduced as a screening test for all presumptive tuberculosis (TB) cases. OBJECTIVE: To compare laboratory costs of smear/culture- and Xpert-based tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic algorithms in routine operational conditions. METHODS: Economic costing was undertaken from a laboratory perspective, using an ingredients-based costing approach. Cost allocation was based on reviews of standard operating procedures and laboratory records, timing of test procedures, measurement of laboratory areas and manager interviews. We analysed laboratory test data to assess overall costs and cost per pulmonary TB and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) case diagnosed. Costs were expressed as 2013 Consumer Price Index-adjusted values. RESULTS: Total TB diagnostic costs increased by 43%, from US$440 967 in the smear/culture-based algorithm (April–June 2011) to US$632 262 in the Xpert-based algorithm (April–June 2013). The cost per TB case diagnosed increased by 157%, from US$48.77 (n = 1601) to US$125.32 (n = 1281). The total cost per MDR-TB case diagnosed was similar, at US$190.14 and US$183.86, with 95 and 107 cases diagnosed in the respective algorithms. CONCLUSION: The introduction of the Xpert-based algorithm resulted in substantial cost increases. This was not matched by the expected increase in TB diagnostic efficacy, calling into question the sustainability of this expensive new technology

Prevalence of pre-cancerous lesions and cervical cancer in South Africa - A multicentre study

Objectives. To describe the age-specific prevalence rates of cancer of the cervix in South African women presenting for screening.Design. A multicentre prevalence survey in 10 geographically defined areas following a common core protocol. Services were located in existing service sites, with the exception of KwaZulu-Natal which used a mobile service. Women aged 20 years and above were eligible for inclusion.Outcome measures. Age-specific cervical cytologically diagnosed abnormality rates according to the Bethesda classification.Results. During the study 20 603 women participated. Eighty per cent of the sample had never had a Pap smear before and just over 91 % had not had a Pap smear in the last 5 years. Inthis study population 468 women screened (2.42%) were found to have low-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesions (LSIL) and the average age of these women was 33.1 years; 366 (1.8%) had high-grade SIL (HSIL) and these women were statistically significantly older at 37.97 years of age; and 92 women (0.47%) were found to have cytologically diagnosed invasive cancer. These women were significantly older, with an average age of 51.3 years. A clear relationship was found between age and LSIL, with younger women having a high rate of LSIL which decreases with increasing age. A similar but inverse relationship between age and invasive cancer is described, with the rate being low in young women and increasing with increasing age. A clear relationship between HSIL and age is not described in these data. The adequacy rate (satisfactory and satisfactory but limited) of the slides was 95%, and just under 92% of the study sample received their results. Not all women were appropriately referred and it was not possible to assess if women referred for treatment received it.Conclusions. These data indicate that cancer of the cervix is a common disease and that, similar to other countries, it is a disease of older women. These data give some positive indicators for future screening - older women will present for screening and the majority of women received their results. However, improvements in health system functioning are needed. A uniform national cytology reporting system is required as well as clear guidelines for providers on what action to take based on cytology reports. Linkage between the site of screening and treatment centre is inadequate and requires urgent attention in order to decrease cervical cancer mortality

Dealing with a traumatic past: the victim hearings of the South African truth and reconciliation commission and their reconciliation discourse

In the final years of the twentieth and the beginning of the twenty-first century, there has been a worldwide tendency to approach conflict resolution from a restorative rather than from a retributive perspective. The South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC), with its principle of 'amnesty for truth' was a turning point. Based on my discursive research of the TRC victim hearings, I would argue that it was on a discursive level in particular that the Truth Commission has exerted/is still exerting a long-lasting impact on South African society. In this article, three of these features will be highlighted and illustrated: firstly, the TRC provided a discursive forum for thousands of ordinary citizens. Secondly, by means of testimonies from apartheid victims and perpetrators, the TRC composed an officially recognised archive of the apartheid past. Thirdly, the reconciliation discourse created at the TRC victim hearings formed a template for talking about a traumatic past, and it opened up the debate on reconciliation. By discussing these three features and their social impact, it will become clear that the way in which the apartheid past was remembered at the victim hearings seemed to have been determined, not so much by political concerns, but mainly by social needs

Towards a developmental state? Provincial economic policy in South Africa

This paper explores the meaning of the developmental state for spatial economic policy in South Africa. Two main questions are addressed: do provincial governments have a role to play in promoting economic prosperity, and to what extent do current provincial policies possess the attributes of a developmental state? These attributes are defined as the ability to plan longer term, to focus key partners on a common agenda, and to mobilise state resources to build productive capabilities. The paper argues that the developmental state must harness the power of government at every level to ensure that each part of the country develops to its potential. However, current provincial capacity is uneven, and weakest where support is needed most. Many provinces seem to have partial strategies and lack the wherewithal for sustained implementation. Coordination across government appears to be poor. The paper concludes by suggesting ways provincial policies could be strengthened

Genetic analysis of Pyrenopeziza brassicae, cause of light leaf spot of brassicas, in the European Union, Oceania, and North America

Light leaf spot (LLS), caused by Pyrenopeziza brassicae, is an important disease of Brassica napus (canola and oilseed rape) and B. oleracea (vegetable brassicas) in Europe (EU) as well as New Zealand and Australia (Oceania, OC). LLS was first reported in North America (NA) on B. juncea, B. napus, and B. rapa in six counties in western Oregon in 2014; and on B. juncea cover crops and wild B. rapa in three counties in northwestern Washington in 2016. Multi-locus sequence analysis (ITS ribosomal DNA, beta-tubulin, and elongation factor 1-α sequences) and comparison of the mating type genes (MAT1-1 and MAT1-2) grouped isolates from the EU (n = 28) and OC (n = 4) with the P. brassicae type specimen, IMI 204290, whereas isolates from NA (n = 16) represented a novel genotype. Sexual compatibility of NA and EU strains of complementary MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 genotypes is being determined to assess if NA isolates represent a distinct evolutionary lineage or a cryptic sibling species. Fungicide resistance has been documented in some EU populations of P. brassicae, but none of the NA isolates possessed amino acid substitutions E198A and L240F in the beta-tubulin sequences that confer resistance to benzimidazole fungicides; comparison of these sequences for the NA isolates revealed 100% identity to wild type EU P. brassicae isolates and the closely related fungus Rhynchosporium commune; and 98 and 99% identities to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Venturia inaequalis, respectively

Let’s sculpt it! Experiencing the role of context in coaching

This exercise aims to familiarize students with the under-discussed topic of the role of context in coaching through a physical activity. It consists of a Group Sculpture – a combination of Socio-drama, Systemic Constellation, Social Presencing Theater – drawing from a coaching case of an ethical dilemma, using the placement and arrangement of participants to represent the stakeholders and context (economic, legal, sociological, etc.). The visual and embodied representation aims to raise awareness and develop understanding of the invisible, but often felt contextual factors at play in coaching, to generate reflection about their influence, and to offer insights on how to identify and embrace them. This activity is primarily aimed for coaching educators and supervisors, but a slightly adapted version could expand its benefits to a more general audience of managers and leaders