I'm a celebrity, get me into politics: the political celebrity and the celebrity politician

This chapter discusses the political celebrity and the celebrity politician

Clinical Pathways to Ethically Substantive Autonomy

There is no shortage of support for the idea that ethics should be incorporated into the academic and professional curriculum. There is a difference, however, between, on the one hand, teaching professionals about ethics, and, on the other, demanding that they give ethical expression to the range of professional skills they are expected to apply daily in their work. If this expression is not to be perfunctory, ethical judgement must be genuinely integrated into the professional skill set. The mark of integration in this regard is the capacity for autonomous judgement. Ethical autonomy cannot be achieved by a mechanical, rule-bound and circumstance-specific checklist of ethical do’s and don’ts, and it is only partially achieved by a move from mechanistic rules to ‘outcome based’ processes. Rather, professional ethical autonomy presupposes not only a formal understanding of the requirements of an ethical code of conduct, but a genuine engagement with the substantive values and techniques that enable practitioners to interpret and apply principles confidently over a range of circumstances. It is not then, that ethical skill is not valued by the legal profession or legal education, or that the shortfall of ethical skill goes unacknowledged, it is rather that the language of professional ethics struggles to break free from the cautious circularity that is the mark of its formal expression. To require a professional to ‘act in their client’s interests’, or ‘act in accordance with the expectations of the profession’ or act ‘fairly and effectively’ are formal, infinitely ambiguous and entirely safe suggestions; to offer a substantive account of what, specifically, those interests might be, or what expectations we should have, are rather more contentious. Fears of dogma and a narrowing of discretion do, of course, accompany the idea of a search for ethical substance, and caution is to be expected in response to it. Notwithstanding these anxieties, there would appear to be no coherent alternative to the aspiration to substantive autonomy, and this must remain the goal of teaching legal ethics. In light of this, the problem facing educationalists is then perhaps expressed more diplomatically in terms of how ethical skill might be substantively developed, imparted, and integrated into a genuinely comprehensive conception of professional skill. Clinical education can go a long way to solving this problem: exposure to the practical tasks of lawyering is the surest and best way of raising consciousness in this regard: ‘Hands-on’ is good - and consciousness-raising is a step in the direction of autonomy, but raw experience and elevated awareness is not enough. We know that our most influential theories of learning tells us that it is in the process of reflection upon problem solving that the practitioner begins to take autonomous control of skill development. In the view of the author, reflection, requires content and direction, and in this paper, with the aid of three models of skill integration inspired by Nigel Duncan’s detailed analysis and video reconstruction of the ethical and technical skill deficiencies brought to light by R v Griffiths, we attempt to specify what might be understood in this regard: Reflective content refers to the discrete interests and values that compete to produce tension in what we will refer to the ‘matrix’ of concerns that feature in all forms of dispute resolution; reflective direction points to an engagement with the resources and techniques that can empower critical and autonomous judgment. In the context of a clinical process broadly structured by the insights of Wenger and by Rest’s model of ethical skill, guided reflection so specified thus serves as an interface between on the one hand, indeterminate ethical form, and, on the other, the substantive ethical wisdom to be found in the repository of values that underpin the very idea of the legal enterprise

Reframing Television Performance

Published by: University of Illinois Press on behalf of the University Film & Video AssociationThe rise of high-definition television sets (1080p and, more recently, 4K resolution "Ultra HD" sets), as well as an overall rise in average television screen sizes and multiple-screen households, means that television performance can be scrutinized more closely and in more detail by audiences.Social networking sites and applications such as Facebook, Twitter, and Tumblr all showcase the fascination and pleasure that audiences have with television performances. In the case of The Americans, a quick search on Giphy reveals 19,515 animated images, often catching nuanced and memorable aspects of the actor's performances, especially facial expressions in close-up (see links in this article's notes for animated GIFs), revealing the audience's investment in the performers' nuances, idiolects, and idiosyncrasies. In his 1974 Cambridge inaugural lecture "Drama in a Dramatised Society," Raymond Williams - a Welshman, like Matthew Rhys, and also an acute observer of American television-argued, "Drama is a special kind of use of quite general processes of presentation, representation, signification" (qtd. in O'Connor 7).div_MCaPA68pub4733pub3-

'It's been emotional' - an ethnographic pilot study of students working in a university law clinic

Whilst many lawyers believe that financial cost is the most important factor to clients, in a recent survey clients identified understanding their particular needs as their foremost concern (Bellwether Report 2016: 28). However, in a profession where the predominant values are power based (Sommerlad 2007) and with negative cultural capital associated with attributes such as empathy (Thornton 1996; Woods 1993) addressing this concern is not without difficulty. Nowhere is this problem highlighted greater than with the ground-breaking ethnographic study of family lawyers by Sarat and Felstiner (1988). Whilst it might be expected that dealing with family issues would suggest a sensitive approach, Sarat and Felstiner identified an emotional battle of wills in the interaction between lawyer and client; where clients wanted to explain their past, focus on character and personality dispositions and explain how they were victims of external circumstances; whereas lawyers sought to avoid negotiating or engaging with the reality of the situation and prioritised rules analysis and problem solving. Indeed, emotions were only seen as a reason to invite total client dependence. This approach to emotions can be contrasted with the outcome of a recent ethnographic pilot study of a university law clinic where emotions were identified as a common theme throughout the data. Through a Bourdieusian lens and adopting Weber’s model of rationality, this paper will explore the reasons why the participants in this particular law clinic identified emotions as so important and consider if an advice only model seeking to empower individuals might require a focus upon emotions that the traditional representation model ignores. The paper will explore how the students give meaning to what they say and do and their recognition that their values in the law clinic differ substantially from the perceived values of the interlinking fields of legal education and the legal profession

Doing the Deal: Talent Contracts in Hollywood

Chapters on key topics, including copyright, trademark, piracy, antitrust, censorship, international exhibition, contracts, labour and tax. Drawing on historical and contemporary case studies, Hollywood and the Lawdiv_MCaPApub4843pu

A 21st-century gold rush? Video on Demand and the global competition for UK television

Over the past ten years, the linear broadcast model for UK television has been challenged by streaming content from Over-The-Top (OTT) platforms, both through linear channels’ catch-up services and through video-on-demand platforms like Netflix and Amazon Prime Video. This chapter assesses the threats and opportunities for the UK TV industry posed by digital platforms and conglomerate “super-indie” and “mega-indie” production companies, disrupting and reconfiguring a previously nationally based broadcasting ecosystem. It analyses the boom in the production of high-end UK TV drama, a “gold rush” partly driven by tax relief introduced by the government in 2013, leading to an inflation in the costs of TV production. It draws on the 2019 House of Lords House of Lords Select Committee on Communications inquiry on the future of public service broadcasting to consider the impact of the rising popularity of VOD services on the industry, and on television viewing. The chapter concludes with questions for future research on the appropriate regulatory framework for broadcasting in the context of OTT platforms, as well as the sustainability of the boom in television drama production

A pathogenic cycle between insomnia and cognitive arousal fuels perinatal depression: exploring the roles of nocturnal cognitive arousal and perinatal-focused rumination

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Depression is among the most prevalent perinatal complications, yet modifiable risk factors remain elusive. Over half of perinatal women endorse clinical insomnia symptoms, which are etiologically implicated in depression in nonperinatal samples. Yet, prospective data on perinatal insomnia and depression are mixed. We sought to clarify temporal associations of insomnia and depression during peripartum, and to investigate cognitive arousal as a potential mechanism facilitating this relationship. METHODS: Seventy pregnant women completed sociodemographic information and baseline sleep and mood symptoms between gestational weeks 25 and 30. Beginning at gestational week 30, participants completed 17 weekly online surveys assessing insomnia, depression, and three cognitive arousal indices (nocturnal cognitive arousal, perseverative thinking, and perinatal-focused rumination). Mixed effects models were conducted to test hypotheses. RESULTS: Women were at risk for depression when experiencing insomnia (odds ratio [OR] = 2.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.28 to 4.35), nocturnal cognitive arousal (OR = 3.05, 95% CI = 1.60 to 5.79), perinatal-focused rumination (OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.11 to 3.79), and perseverative thinking (OR = 7.48, 95% CI = 3.90 to 14.32). Prospective analyses revealed bidirectional effects between insomnia and cognitive arousal, and both predicted future depression. Nocturnal cognitive arousal mediated 23-43% of the effect of insomnia on depression. Insomnia mediated 12%-18% of the effect of nocturnal cognitive arousal on depression. A similar pattern was observed with perinatal-focused rumination. Depression did not predict insomnia. CONCLUSION: Nocturnal cognitive arousal, including ruminating on perinatal concerns while trying to fall asleep, fuels insomnia. In turn, lying awake at night provides an opportunity for nocturnal cognitive arousal. This cycle feeds perinatal depression. Daytime cognitive arousal may indirectly disrupt sleep as perseverating during the day persists into the night