Qualidade de vida no trabalho e estresse profissional: uma pesquisa com professoras do curso de Administração da Universidade Estadual do Piauí e Faculdade Piauiense.

A qualidade de vida no trabalho das docentes do curso de Administração da Universidade Estadual do Piauí e da Faculdade Piauiense é o foco deste artigo. Seu objetivo é identificar o perfil das professoras, verificar os fatores mais estressantes na ação docente e o nível de satisfação com seu corpo e aparência. O enfoque metodológico desta pesquisa pode ser caracterizado como quantitativo e qualitativo e de caráter exploratório, descritivo, com amostragem não probabilística do tipo por conveniência. Foi realizado um estudo de caso com uma amostra de dez professoras envolvendo instituição pública e particular. Foi utilizado como instrumento de coleta de dados o formulário. Como resultado constatou-se como fatores de maior estresse profissional é o excesso de indisciplina e agressividade dos alunos e um grau elevado de exigência da aparência como um aspecto relevante no exercício profissional para as docentes

Use of a smartphone app combined with gamification to increase the level of physical activity of adults and older adults: protocol of a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)FAPESP: 2016/50249–3FAPESP: 2018/11817–1Background There is scientific evidence suggesting that app-based interventions targeted to increase the level of physical activity might be effective, although multicomponent interventions appear to be more effective than app-based interventions alone. Despite the motivating results, it remains unclear whether or not app-based interventions can increase the level of physical activity and cardiovascular health. Our study aims to investigate the effect of a smartphone app combined with gamification on the level of physical activity of adults and older adults. The specific aims are (1) to verify the effects of the intervention on cardiometabolic and cardiovascular health, lung function, and cardiorespiratory fitness; and (2) to verify the relationship between age group and the response rate. Methods/design We will conduct a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART). The adaptive intervention protocol will last 6 months. After baseline assessments, participants will be randomized into one of three groups (group 1: app + tailored messages; group 2: app + tailored messages + gamification I; control group: physical activity counseling). For 12 weeks, we will record the average number of steps per day of participants from groups 1 and 2. At 6 weeks from initiation of recording, participants will be classified into responders and non-responders according to their increase in the average number of daily steps; all those considered as non-responders will be re-randomized, with the chance to participate in a third group – group 3: app + tailored messages + gamification II. Finally, at 12 weeks, participants will continue using the app but will no longer receive direct intervention from investigators. All participants will be reassessed at 3 and 6 months from baseline. Our pilot SMART will require 42 participants (14 per arm). Following the SMART pilot, we will calculate the sample size for the trial based on the variation of the average number of steps/day, including an up to 40% loss to follow-up and a less optimistic nonresponse rate of 65%. Discussion To our knowledge, this will be the first trial with adaptive intervention to test the effectiveness of using a smartphone app to increase the level of physical activity of adults and older adults

Radiation risks and the importance of radiological protection in interventional cardiology : a systematic review

Discutimos aqui aspectos vinculados ao enquadramento legal, a recomendações internacionais e a programas de formação em proteção radiológica; ao angiógrafo e à qualidade da imagem; aos efeitos biológicos e aos riscos das radiações ionizantes; às lesões em operadores e pacientes; aos níveis de referência do paciente; ao limite de dose ocupacional e a suas medidas de prevenção. O uso das radiações ionizantes acarreta riscos, que, contudo, justificam-se em procedimentos diagnósticos e terapêuticos. A consciência e o conhecimento desses riscos minimizam o dano, otimizando a qualidade da imagens e o uso seguro das radiações ionizantes. Tem-se demonstrado a ocorrência de cataratas radioinduzidas em trabalhadores de laboratórios de cateterismo. Diversos estudos sugerem que pode haver um risco significativo de opacidade do cristalino, caso não se utilizem adequadamente os dispositivos de proteção radiológica. Adicionalmente, esses tipos de procedimentos intervencionistas são realizados na América Latina, geralmente por médicos especialistas, com a colaboração de enfermeiros, tecnólogos e técnicos, que, muitas vezes, não têm formação adequada em proteção radiológica.We discuss some aspects related to the legal framework, international recommendations and training programs on radiological protection; image quality and equipment; the biological effects and risks of ionizing radiation; lesions in patients and operators; patient’s reference levels; occupational dose limit and preventive actions. The use of ionizing radiation involves risks that are justified in diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. The awareness and knowledge of these risks minimizes the damage, optimizing the quality of images and safe use of ionizing radiation. There is evidence of radiationinduced cataracts in individuals who work in catheterization laboratories. Several studies suggest there may be a significant risk of lens opacity, if radiological protection devices are not properly used. Additionally, these interventional procedures are performed in Latin America, usually by medical specialists in collaboration with nurses, technologists and technicians, who often do not have adequate training in radiological protection

HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men in Brazil : results of the 2nd national survey using respondent-driven sampling

This paper reports human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) prevalence in the 2nd National Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Survey (BBSS) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in 12 cities in Brazil using respondent-driven sampling (RDS). Following formative research, RDS was applied in 12 cities in the 5 macroregions of Brazil between June and December 2016 to recruit MSM for BBSS. The target sample size was 350 per city. Five to 6 seeds were initially selected to initiate recruitment and coupons and interviews were managed online. On-site rapid testing was used for HIV screening, and confirmed by a 2nd test. Participants were weighted using Gile estimator. Data from all 12 cities were merged and analyzed with Stata 14.0 complex survey data analysis tools in which each city was treated as its own strata. Missing data for those who did not test were imputed HIV+ if they reported testing positive before and were taking antiretroviral therapy. A total of 4176 men were recruited in the 12 cities. The average time to completion was 10.2 weeks. The longest chain length varied from 8 to 21 waves. The sample size was achieved in all but 2 cities. A total of 3958 of the 4176 respondents agreed to test for HIV (90.2%). For results without imputation, 17.5% (95%CI: 14.7–20.7) of our sample was HIV positive. With imputation, 18.4% (95%CI: 15.4–21.7) were seropositive. HIV prevalence increased beyond expectations from the results of the 2009 survey (12.1%; 95%CI: 10.0–14.5) to 18.4%; CI95%: 15.4 to 21.7 in 2016. This increase accompanies Brazil’s focus on the treatment to prevention strategy, and a decrease in support for community-based organizations and community prevention programs

ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO:: A IMPORTÂNCIA E AS DIFICULDADES VIVENCIADAS PELOS DISCENTES DO CURSO DE LICENCIATURA EM CIÊNCIAS NATURAIS/QUÍMICA

O Estágio Supervisionado é obrigatório nos cursos de licenciatura e constitui uma ferramenta essencial na formação de professores. É importante também para a construção de uma identidade docente competente e autônoma para a mediação do conhecimento. Entretanto, é nesta etapa que surgem os desafios e as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos licenciando que vivenciam o cotidiano da sala de aula o qual reflete diretamente no desempenho do licenciando. Portanto, esta pesquisa de caráter qualitativo, tem o objetivo de compreender a importância do estágio supervisionado na formação docente, avaliar a correlação entre a formação docente e o estágio, elencar as dificuldades encontradas durante o estágio, e consequentemente, compreender de que maneira as adversidades podem afetar o desempenho profissional dos docentes. A pesquisa foi realizada com discentes do Curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Naturais/Química – UFMA/São Bernardo- que já concluíram as etapas do Estágio Supervisionado no Ensino Médio. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário semiestruturado com 12 perguntas a partir das quais fez-se a análise qualitativa. Os dados demonstram que dificuldades como o déficit de atenção por parte dos alunos no decorrer das aulas, excesso de alunos por turma, e a dificuldade de conciliação das atividades do estágio com as da Universidade. Apesar das inúmeras dificuldades enfrentadas pelos licenciandos durante a execução, o ESEM é considerado fundamental na carreira acadêmica por ser um grande facilitador de conhecimento, contribuindo no desenvolvimento de cada um dos licenciandos para como futuros profissionais da educação, capacitando-os para o mercado de trabalho

Trocas gasosas e eficiência fotoquímica de cultivares de algodoeiro herbáceo sob aplicação de silício foliar

The objective of this study was to evaluate gas exchange and photochemical efficiency of cotton cultivars under leaf application of silicon. Therefore, the experiment was conducted in a completely randomized in a factorial 3 x 5, three cotton cultivars ('BRS Topazio', 'BRS Safira' and 'BRS Rubi'), five silicon concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mg L-1) and four replications. Gas exchange and photochemical efficiency were determined by measuring the rate of CO2 assimilation, transpiration, stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration, instantaneous efficiency in water use, instantaneous carboxylation efficiency, initial fluorescence, maximum quantum efficiency of the variable and photosystem II (PSII). The data variables were subjected to analysis of variance and regression test comparison of means. There were significant differences in gas exchange and photochemical efficiency in response to concentrations of silicon. There were also significant differences among cotton cultivars evaluated. In cultivar 'BRS Top zio', the application of silicon increased CO2 assimilation rate and quantum efficiency of PSII. In 'BRS Safira' silicon reduced the rate of assimilation and internal CO2 concentration. In 'BRS Rubi' element increased the fluorescence of chlorophyll 'a' and quantum efficiency of photosystem II, and reduced the rate of assimilation and internal CO2 concentration and stomatal conductance. Silicate fertilization provided 'BRS Topazio' to express better photosynthetic rate in relation to 'BRS Safira' and 'BRS Rubi'. No damage occurred in PSII when 'BRS Top zio', 'BRS Safira' and 'BRS Rubi' cultivars received silicon as supplementary nutrition

High rates of unprotected receptive anal intercourse and their correlates among young and older MSM in Brazil

Department of Surveillance, Prevention and Control of Sexually Transmitted Infections, HIV/AIDS and Viral Hepatitis, of the Secretariat for Health Surveillance of the Brazilian Ministry of HealthUniversidade Federal de São João del-Rei. Divinopolis, MG, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva e Social. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhaes. Recife, PE, Brazil.Universidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Saúde Coletiva. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Faculdade de Ciências Medicas Santa Casa de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brazil.Universidade do Estado Bahia. Departamento de Ciências da Vida. Salvador, BA, Brazil.Tulane University. School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine. New Orleans, LA, USA / Universidade Federal do Ceara. Dept Community Hlth. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Ceara. Dept Community Hlth. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Alfredo Mata. Manaus, AM, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Recife, PE, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Recife, PE, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Campo Grande, MS, Brazil / Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.Universidade de Brasilia. Brasilia, DF, Brazil.Universidade de Brasilia. Brasilia, DF, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Faculdade de Ciências Medicas Santa Casa de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brazil.Universidade Federal da Bahia. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Ceara. Project PI. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Centro Universitário Autônomo do Brasil. Curitiba, PR, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Ceara. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Ceara. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Secretaria Saúde Ceará. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Tulane University. New Orleans, LA, USA / Universidade Federal do Ceara. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.University of California San Francisco. San Francisco, CA, USA.University of California San Francisco. San Francisco, CA, USA.Ministério da Saúde. Departamento de Vigilância, Prevenção e Controle das IST, do HIV/Aids e das Hepatites Virais. Brasilia, DF, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Departamento de Vigilância, Prevenção e Controle das IST, do HIV/Aids e das Hepatites Virais. Brasilia, DF, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Departamento de Vigilância, Prevenção e Controle das IST, do HIV/Aids e das Hepatites Virais. Brasilia, DF, Brazil.The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with unprotected receptive anal intercourse (URAI), stratified by age (18-24 or 25 + years old), in a sample of 4,129 MSM recruited by respondent driven sampling in 12 Brazilian cities in 2016. The prevalence of URAI was higher among younger MSM (41.9% vs 29.7%) (p < 0.01). Multivariate analysis indicated that perception of risk, sexual identity, self-rated health status, and having commercial sex were associated with URAI among younger MSM. History of sexual violence, sex with younger partners, having 6 + partners and unprotected sexual debut were associated with URAI among older MSM. Marital status, having stable partner, and reporting sex with men only were associated with URAI in both groups. Despite access to condoms and lubricants, preventive efforts may not be reaching MSM effectively. Age specific intervention approaches, including stigma, discrimination, and perception of risk must be considered