Global systematic map of research on bats in agricultural systems

Introduction: The conversion of natural habitats to agricultural systems is one of the main global threats to bats. Here, we aimed to develop a systematic mapping to identify publication trends and research gaps in studying bats and agricultural systems. Methods: We reviewed 309 studies published between 1990 and 2021 that sampled bats in agricultural systems or evaluated the effect of these systems on these animals. Results: We found that most studies were conducted in the Palearctic and Neotropical regions (55.3%) and forest biomes (66.0%). Grassland-cropland systems (50.2%) and forest plantations that do not require cutting during the extraction of their products (47.9%) were more studied than forest plantations that require cutting (19.7%). Additionally, acoustic recordings (41.1%) and mist nets (34.3%) were the primary sampling methods used, with few studies combining these methods (7.1%). Also, most studies were conducted on a local scale (77.7%). The number of landscape-scale studies was smaller (34.3%) and concentrated in the Palearctic region (39.6%). Most studies assessed how agricultural systems affect biodiversity (62.1%). However, the phylogenetic and functional dimensions and b-diversity were little explored, with 2.5% and 23.3% of the biodiversity studies, respectively. Of the proposed mitigation measures, the most cited was including natural/semi-natural/potential bat habitats in cultivated landscapes (59.5%). Discussion: In summary, our findings highlight the need for attention to the Afrotropic and Indo-Malaysia regions; predominantly non-forested biomes; plantations that require cutting during the extraction of their products; combined use of different sampling methods, as well as other methods as telemetry; use of multiple biodiversity descriptors and others biological descriptors, such as ecological services; landscape-scale studies and the role of conservation policies in promoting their conservation and raising awareness of their importance among producers and local communities. Filling these knowledge gaps is necessary to understand the factors influencing bat survival in cultivated landscapes. This is the only way to develop management and conservation strategies in these landscapes.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

GEOSPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF FOREST SPECIES IN THE BOTANICAL GARDEN OF RECIFE, PERNAMBUCO, BRAZIL

The adoption of appropriate strategies for the conservation and management of forest ecosystems associated with the Atlantic Forest depends on understanding the pattern of spatial distribution of forest species, mainly in protected areas. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the geospatial distribution of forest species in a fragment of Atlantic Forest (Lowland Dense Ombrophilous Forest) in the Botanical Garden of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. The phytosociological study was carried out by the plot method, with 40 plots of 10 m x 25 m, systematically distributed, where all living individuals that showed circumference at 1.3 m above the ground ≥ 15 cm were identified and georeferenced. To identify the existence of floristic similarity between the plots, the obtained data were subjected to hierarchical cluster analysis. The spatial variability of forest species was characterized using geostatistical analysis. The data were interpolated by kriging, followed by the construction of thematic maps of spatial distribution. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed the formation of two groups of plots. The forest species Artocarpus heterophyllus, Dialium guianense, Helicostylis tomentosa, Hevea brasiliensis, Pouteria durlandii and Thyrsordium spruceanum showed spatial dependence. The use of geostatistics allowed visualizing the spatial distribution arrangements and identifying the concentration sites of these species. Information on the geospatial distribution of forest species can be used for the preservation, conservation and management of forest remnants

LA EFICACIA DE LA RESOLUCIÓN 1742/2006 PARA GARANTIZAR LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS DE LAS MINORÍAS EN LAS INSTITUCIONES MILITARES DE EUROPA

En el artículo se examina la Resolución 1742/2006 y sus recomendaciones, que tratan de los Derechos Humanos en las Fuerzas Armadas de Europa. En este sentido, buscaremos verificar si estas recomendaciones fueron o son efectivas para la inclusión de homosexuales y transexuales en las Fuerzas Armadas, ya que en esas Instituciones son un entorno en el que, históricamente, predomina el patriarcado y la heteronormatividad. Dicho esto, se utilizó el método bibliográfico para realizar la investigación, es decir, la verificación a través de datos, artículos y libros. La investigación concluyó que la resolución 1742/2006 era efectiva al incluir a homosexuales y transexuales en las Fuerzas Militares, ya que sus recomendaciones defienden los derechos fundamentales y, por lo tanto, hacen que los países miembros incorporen estos derechos a sus Fuerzas Nacionales

PAPILOMA ESCAMOSO ORAL EM DORSO DE LÍNGUA: RELATO DE CASO

The human papillomavirus (HPV) can infect several animals, and in humans it is related to lesions on the skin and mucous membranes, such as squamous papilloma, condyloma acuminata, verruca vulgaris and multifocal epithelial hyperplasia. In the oral cavity, squamous papilloma is one of the main manifestations found. This lesion is characterized by an exophytic, asymptomatic and benign growth commonly found on the tongue and palate. Therefore, the identification and diagnosis of oral manifestations is a challenge for general practitioners. Therefore, the present study aims to report a clinical case of oral squamous papilloma, with histopathological and macroscopic characteristics important for diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, an excisional biopsy and histopathological analysis were performed. Based on the report and discussion of the case, it is possible to infer that the clinical and laboratory characteristics found are similar to that of a squamous papilloma lesion, however the existence of other lesions with similar aspects both macro and microscopically makes it difficult to define a diagnosis. Therefore, this report contributes to the scientific community with knowledge of the main histopathological clinical characteristics of the lesion and allows for better diagnosis and treatment of this pathology.O papilomavírus humanos (HPV) pode infectar diversos animais, e em humanos tem relação com lesões em pele e mucosas, como o papiloma escamoso, condiloma acuminado, verruga vulgar e hiperplasia epitelial multifocal. Na cavidade bucal o papiloma escamoso é uma das principais manifestações encontradas. Essa lesão tem característica de um crescimento exofítico, assintomático e benigno comumente encontrado em língua e palato. Desta forma, a identificação e diagnósticos de manifestações bucais é um desafio para os clínicos gerais.  Diante disso, o presente estudo tem como objetivo relatar um caso clínico de papiloma escamoso oral, com características histopatológicas e macroscópicas importantes para os diagnósticos e tratamento. Sendo assim, foi realizado uma biópsia excisional e análise histopatológica. Com base no relato e na discussão do caso, é possível inferir que as características clinicas e laboratoriais encontradas são semelhantes à de uma lesão de papiloma escamoso, no entanto a existência de outras lesões com aspectos semelhantes tanto macro como microscopicamente dificulta a possibilidade de definir um diagnóstico. Sendo assim, o presente relato contribui para comunidade científica com o conhecimento das principais características clínicas histopatológicas da lesão e permitindo um melhor diagnóstico e tratamento dessa patologia

A criação de multiplicadores para a inclusão digital e seus desafios

Trabalho apresentado no 31º SEURS - Seminário de Extensão Universitária da Região Sul, realizado em Florianópolis, SC, no período de 04 a 07 de agosto de 2013 - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina.A inclusão digital é um tema bastante, e cada vez mais, explorado na sociedade. Diversos são os projetos que objetivam realizar inclusão social através da utilização de tecnologias da informação. Entretanto um dos grandes desafios associados a inclusão digital é o desenvolvimento de mecanismos que possibilitem a continuidade de processos que efetuem essa inclusão, mesmo quando os projetos que os originaram já tenham se encerrado. Este artigo apresenta a experiência de um projeto realizado na cidade de Rio Grande/RS, na tentativa de utilizar multiplicadores para criar um processo contínuo de inclusão social em comunidades em condições de vulnerabilidade social

Rhytidoplasty practices and histological notes for the facial skin of post-bariatric patients

Introduction: The number of patients classified as overweight or obese has resulted in an increased number of post-bariatric patients, generating a demand for rhytidoplasty in this public profile. expose the routine and surgical tactics in a teaching hospital, patient profiles, subcutaneous cellular tissue, and the superficial musculoaponeurotic system are compared between post-bariatric and non-post-bariatric patients, as well as histological superficial comparison of the skin. Methods: A review of the data of 32 cases treated in 2012-2016 was conducted in a public hospital in Goiânia-GO. Results: The tactics of rhytidoplasty used in post-bariatric patients do not differ significantly from those used in nonpost- bariatric patients. A histopathological analysis of the collected samples showed marked differences between post-bariatric and non-post-bariatric patients. Conclusion: The surgical technique of rhytidoplasty of post-bariatric patients sustained specific details with satisfactory postoperative surgical results, skin with worse histological quality, perioperative complications within the expected range, and the need for further studies to assess the procedure's durabilit

The relative importance of forest cover and patch-level drivers for phyllostomid bat communities in the Amazonian Savannas

Context: Analyze the multiple dimensions of biodiversity under a local and landscape lens in natural habitats, such as Amazonian savannas, is fundamental for the conservation of species and ecosystems. Objectives: We aim to explore how landscape forest cover and patch-level variables affect the patterns of species abundance, functional traits, and taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic α-diversity of Phyllostomid bats in forest patches of the Savannas of Amapá, in both the wet and dry seasons. Methods: We used mist nets to survey bats in 26 forest patches. We also quantified forest cover in buffers of 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 and 2500 m around each patch, and tree height, basal area, canopy cover, and vegetation clutter in the understorey at the patch level. We used hierarchical partitioning to relate the different indices with our predictor variables. Results: Taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity in the wet season increased with the proportion of forest cover in the 2500 m buffer. Vegetation clutter was negatively related to taxonomic and functional diversity in the wet season. In the dry season, average tree height positively affected taxonomic and functional diversity. Patch-level variables were more important than forest cover in explaining the average functional traits in both seasons. Conclusion: We found seasonal variation in the relationships between components of bat diversity and different drivers. Since both forest cover in the landscape and patch-level variables are important for Phyllostomid bat diversity, conservation plans should consider forest conservation at the landscape level and maintenance of forest patch qualityOpen Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. Part of the data used in this study was supported by Neotropical Grassland Conservancy (01098803-5), National Geographic Society (EC59186R-19 and NGS-83254R-20), Bat Conservation International (2434131) and Ruford Foundation (25585-1

Brazilian malnutrition-related infant mortality up to 11 months

Childhood malnutrition in Brazil has a profound impact on the physical and cognitive development of children, compromising their future and perpetuating the cycle of poverty. Moreover, death from this condition can define important aspects in the context of public health in the country. The objective of this study was to analyze and describe the peculiarities of deaths from child malnutrition in Brazil between the years 1996 and 2021. This is an ecological, epidemiological, cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative study of deaths due to malnutrition in children up to 11 months of age between 1996 and 2021, with the Brazilian states as the unit of analysis. The methodological strategy involved the analysis of raw data made available by the Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM). A total of 17.300 deaths due to malnutrition were reported in the studied population. The year 1998 had the highest number of deaths in the period, with 1.766, representing 10.2% of the notifications. The Northeast and Southeast regions presented the highest prevalence of deaths. The states of Bahia, Pernambuco, São Paulo, Minas Gerais and Ceará had the highest number of deaths from infant malnutrition. The predominant characteristics of the victims were female, brown, with birth weight between 2500 and 3999 g, and age up to 3 months. Young pregnant women (between 15 and 29 years old) and those with a medium level of education were the most predisposed. Among deliveries, gestations between 37 and 41 weeks, single gestations, and vaginal deliveries were relevant in determining mortality. In conclusion, it is crucial to adopt prevention measures and access to education to eradicate mortality from child malnutrition in Brazil.A desnutrição infantil no Brasil tem um impacto profundo no desenvolvimento físico e cognitivo das crianças, comprometendo seu futuro e perpetuando o ciclo da pobreza. Além disso, o óbito proveniente dessa condição pode definir aspectos importantes no contexto da saúde pública do país. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar e descrever as peculiaridades dos óbitos por desnutrição infantil no Brasil entre os anos de 1996 e 2021. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, epidemiológico, transversal, descritivo e quantitativo dos óbitos por desnutrição em crianças com até 11 meses de idade no período de 1996 a 2021, tendo como unidade de análise os estados brasileiros. A estratégia metodológica envolveu a análise dos dados brutos disponibilizados pelo Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM). Foram notificados 17.300 óbitos devido a desnutrição na população estudada. O ano de 1998 foi o que apresentou o maior número de óbitos no período, com 1.766, representando 10.2% das notificações. As regiões Nordeste e Sudeste apresentaram a maior prevalência das mortes. Os estados da Bahia, Pernambuco, São Paulo, Minas Gerais e Ceará foram os estados com maior número de óbitos por desnutrição infantil. As características predominantes das vítimas foram o sexo feminino, pardas, com peso ao nascimento entre 2500 e 3999 g, e idade até os 3 meses. As gestantes jovens (entre 15 e 29 anos) e aquelas com nível médio de escolaridade foram as mais predispostas. Entre os partos, as gestações entre 37 e 41 semanas, as gestações únicas e os partos vaginais foram relevantes na determinação da mortalidade. Em suma, é crucial adotar medidas de prevenção e acesso à educação para erradicar a mortalidade por desnutrição infantil no Brasil

Qualidade físico-química e textural de geleias elaborados com morango, pimenta e maltodextrina

The objective of this study was to promote the development of strawberry jellies with young finger pepper, also determining the influence of the addition of maltodextrin on its physicochemical and textural properties. Four formulations were made using different maltodextrin concentrations (0, 5, 10 and 15%). The jellies were evaluated with respect to physicochemical parameters (moisture content, water activity, total solids, total soluble solids, ashes, proteins, lipids, ascorbic acid, total titratable acidity, ratio and pH) and instrumental texture profile (firmness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness, chewing and chewing). The results were statistically analyzed using a completely randomized design, whose means were compared by Tukey test. Through the obtained results, it was verified the viability in the use of strawberry and pepper for the production of jelly, all the samples are adequate to the quality standard established by the legislation. The addition of maltodextrin increased pH, soluble solids, ratio and vitamin c, showed opposite behavior regarding moisture content, water activity and acidity. Regarding the texture, it was found that the increase of maltodextrin caused the decrease of the parameters of firmness, adhesiveness, gummy and chewable and increased cohesiveness of the samples.El objetivo de este estudio fue promover el desarrollo de gelatinas de fresa con pimiento, determinando también la influencia de la adición de maltodextrina en sus propiedades fisicoquímicas y de textura. Se hicieron cuatro formulaciones usando diferentes concentraciones de maltodextrina (0, 5, 10 y 15%). Las gelatinas se evaluaron en relación con los parámetros fisicoquímicos (contenido de humedad, actividad del agua, sólidos totales, sólidos solubles totales, cenizas, proteínas, lípidos, ácido ascórbico, acidez titulable total, relación y pH) y perfil de textura instrumental (firmeza, cohesión, adhesividad, masticación y masticación). Los resultados se analizaron estadísticamente utilizando un diseño completamente al azar, cuyas medias se compararon mediante la prueba de Tukey. A través de los resultados obtenidos, se verificó la viabilidad en el uso de fresa y pimiento para la producción de gelatina, todas las muestras son adecuadas al estándar de calidad establecido por la legislación. La adición de maltodextrina aumentó el pH, los sólidos solubles, la proporción y la vitamina c, mostró un comportamiento opuesto con respecto al contenido de humedad, la actividad del agua y la acidez. Con respecto a la textura, se encontró que el aumento de maltodextrina causó la disminución de los parámetros de firmeza, pegajosidad, masticación y masticabilidad y aumentó la cohesión de las muestras.Objetivou-se por meio do presente estudo promover o desenvolvimento de geleias de morango com pimenta dedo de moça, determinando também a influência da adição de maltodextrina sobre as suas propriedades físico-químicas e texturais. Foram elaboradas quatro formulações, utilizando diferentes concentrações de maltodextrina (0, 5, 10 e 15%). As geleias foram avaliadas com relação aos parâmetros físico-químicos (teor de umidade, atividade de água, sólidos totais, sólidos solúveis totais, cinzas, proteínas, lipídeos, ácido ascórbico, acidez total titulável, ratio e pH) e perfil de textura instrumental (firmeza, coesividade, adesividade, gomosidade e mastigabilidade). Os resultados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente utilizando um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, cujas médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey. Através dos resultados obtidos, verificou-se a viabilidade na utilização de morango e pimenta para a produção de geleia, todas as amostras são adequadas ao padrão de qualidade estabelecido pela legislação. A adição de maltodextrina proporcionou acréscimo nos valores do pH, sólidos solúveis, ratio e vitamina c, apresentou comportamento contrário com relação ao teor de umidade, atividade de água e acidez. Com relação a textura, constatou-se que o acréscimo de maltodextrina provocou a diminuição dos parâmetros de firmeza, adesividade, gomosidade e mastigabilidade e aumento da coesividade das amostras