EFEITO DA SALINIDADE E DA TEMPERATURA SOBRE CRESCIMENTO DE 4 MICROALGAS MARINHAS:: “Efeito da salinidade e da temperatura sobre o crescimento da nannochloropsis oculata e da isochrysis galbana”

Diferentes salinidades (15, 20, 25 e 30‰) e temperaturas (20 e 25 ± 1°C) foramavaliadas para determinar as melhores condições de crescimento emNannochloropsis oculata e Isochrysis galbana durante 14 dias. Culturas com 10 diasde idade foram utilizadas como inóculo (1 x 10⁴ cells mL‾1) em meio F/2 de Guillardmodificado, iluminadas continuamente por 6 lâmpadas de led (2000Lm). Concluiu-seque tanto a Nannochloropsis sp. quanto a Isochrisis sp. conseguiram crescer entre assalinidades 15‰ e 30‰ nas duas temperaturas avaliadas. Para ambas algas ocrescimento foi melhor quando cultivada a 25°C

Design and baseline characteristics of the finerenone in reducing cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in diabetic kidney disease trial

Background: Among people with diabetes, those with kidney disease have exceptionally high rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and progression of their underlying kidney disease. Finerenone is a novel, nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that has shown to reduce albuminuria in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) while revealing only a low risk of hyperkalemia. However, the effect of finerenone on CV and renal outcomes has not yet been investigated in long-term trials. Patients and Methods: The Finerenone in Reducing CV Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIGARO-DKD) trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared to placebo at reducing clinically important CV and renal outcomes in T2D patients with CKD. FIGARO-DKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, event-driven trial running in 47 countries with an expected duration of approximately 6 years. FIGARO-DKD randomized 7,437 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate >= 25 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio >= 30 to <= 5,000 mg/g). The study has at least 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in the risk of the primary outcome (overall two-sided significance level alpha = 0.05), the composite of time to first occurrence of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure. Conclusions: FIGARO-DKD will determine whether an optimally treated cohort of T2D patients with CKD at high risk of CV and renal events will experience cardiorenal benefits with the addition of finerenone to their treatment regimen. Trial Registration: EudraCT number: 2015-000950-39; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02545049

Applicability of Moringa oleifera Lam. pie as an adsorbent for removal of heavy metals from waters Aplicabilidade da torta de Moringa oleifera Lam. como adsorvente para remoção de metais pesados de águas

This study evaluated the efficacy of moringa seeds (Moringa oleifera Lam.) as an adsorbent material for removing toxic heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, and chromium from contaminated solutions. The effect of the adsorbent mass was investigated at two pH conditions (5.0 and 7.0). The optimized conditions were 0.300 g of adsorbent at pH 5.0, used for the isotherms construction, and linearized according to Langmuir and Freundlich models. Results showed that cadmium adsorption was similar in both the models used. For lead, the Freundlich model had the best adjustment and chromium was better adjusted by the Langmuir model. It was concluded that the adsorbent was effective in the remediation of solutions containing cadmium, lead and chromium, thus, its use as sustainable alternative material is feasible, since it has low cost, does not need a previous treatment and it is a byproduct.Este estudo objetivou avaliar a eficácia do uso da torta de moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) como material adsorvente dos metais pesados tóxicos cádmio (Cd), chumbo (Pb) e cromo (Cr) de soluções contaminadas. Nos testes cinéticos foram variadas as massas do adsorvente em duas condições de pH (5,0 e 7,0). As condições otimizadas foram pH 5,0 e massa de 0.300 g de adsorvente, utilizados para a construção das isotermas e linearizadas conforme os modelos de Langmuir e Freundlich. Realizou-se a determinação dos metais por espectrometria de absorção atômica. Os resultados mostraram que houve semelhança em ambos os modelos utilizados para a adsorção do Cd. Para o Pb, o modelo de Freundlich apresentou o melhor ajuste e, para o Cr, houve melhor ajuste pelo modelo de Langmuir. Conclui-se, com base nos resultados obtidos, que o adsorvente foi eficaz na remediação de soluções contendo Cd, Pb e Cr e, assim, é viável a utilização desse adsorvente como material alternativo sustentável, pois apresenta baixo custo, não necessita de tratamento prévio e se trata de um coproduto

The use of Crambe abyssinica seeds as adsorbent in the removal of metals from waters

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of crambe seeds (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) as adsorbent material in the removal of the toxic metals cadmium, lead and chromium from contaminated solutions. The byproduct was obtained from oil extraction of crambe seeds in a Soxhlet system. In kinetic tests, the adsorbent masses had varied in solutions containing the metals under pH 5.0 and 7.0. Metal concentrations were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). According to optimal conditions found, the adsorption assays were performed for obtaining the isotherms of each metal, which were linearized in agreement with the mathematical models of Langmuir and Freundlich. According to the obtained results, the adsorbent was effective in removing the assessed metals in aqueous solutions, being feasible its employment as an alternative material for the adsorption of metals, besides being a byproduct, which has undergone no prior treatment