Clinical findings and risk factors to oral squamous cell carcinoma in young patients: a 12-year retrospective analysis

Background: In recent years have been observed an increased incidence of OSCC in young individuals. Based on this, the aim this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of all cases of OSCC in younger patients, diagnosed in two oncology referral hospitals, at the northeast region of Brazil within a 12-year period. Material and Methods: Data regarding general characteristics of patients (age, gender and tobacco and/or alcohol habits) and information about the lesions (tumor location, size, regional lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and clinical stage) were submitted to descriptive and inferential analysis. Statistical analysis included Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests (P<0.05). Results: Out of 2311 registered cases of OSCC, 76 (3.3%) corresponded to OSCC in patients under 45 years old. Most of them were male (n=62, 81.6%) and tobacco and/or alcohol users (n=40, 52.8%). The most frequent site was the tongue (n=31, 40.8%), with predominance of cases classified at advanced clinical stage (III and IV, n = 46, 60.5%). The advanced stage of OSCC (III and IV) was statistically associated with male gender (P=0.035), lower education level (P=0.007), intraoral sites (P<0.001), presence of pain symptomatology (P=0.006), and consumption of tobacco and/or alcohol (P=0.001). Conclusions: The profile of OSCC in young patients resembles to the commonly characteristics reported for overall population. The late diagnosis in young patients usually results in poor prognosis, associated with gender, harmful habits and tumor location. Although prevalence is low, stimulus to prevention and to early diagnosis should be addressed to young individuals exposed to risk factor

Quantification and valuation of non wood forest products.

Atualmente, a redução da biodiversidade, em virtude do aumento do desflorestamento, fez com que se buscassem meios de se preservar os remanescentes florestais no Brasil e no mundo. Nesse contexto, os Produtos Florestais Não-Madeireiros (PFNM) tornaram-se uma alternativa para auxiliar a conservação das florestas, uma vez que, na maioria dos casos, a extração de PFNM não implica a supressão da cobertura florestal. Sendo assim, tem crescido o número de estudos sobre o potencial dos PFNM para a geração de renda e para a conservação do meio ambiente, sempre com a premissa de serem explorados de maneira sustentável. Para isso, são necessárias pesquisas acerca da biologia, da distribuição e da abundância reprodutiva do PFNM a ser explorado. O presente artigo tem, por objetivo, propiciar uma visão panorâmica dos métodos biométricos adequados para avaliar o estoque de recurso em pé, a dinâmica da produção, os componentes resultantes e as colheitas reais dos tipos principais de PFNM nos trópicos. Também são revistos estudos que buscam estimar o valor econômico dos produtos da floresta.Now a day the reduction of biodiversity due to the increase of the deforestation has made people find ways to preserve forest remainders in Brazil and in the rest of the world. In this context, the non wood forest products (NWFP) became an alternative to assist the conservation of forests, once that, in the most of the cases, the extraction of NWFP doesn’t involve degradation of the forest resources. Being thus, has grown the number of researches on the potential of the NWFP for incoming increase and preservation of the environment, always with the premise to be explored in a sustainable form. For this, its necessary studies concerning biology, distribution and reproductive abundance of the NWFP to be explored. The present article has the aim to provide a panoramic vision about the biometric methods used to evaluated the resource supply, the dynamic of production, the resultant components an the real harvest of the most important kinds of NWFP in the tropics. Also are reviewed studies that estimate the economical value of the forest products

Reasons and factors related to non-adherence to breast and cervical cancer screening in primary health care in São José do Rio Preto - SP after the COVID-19 pandemic

Objective: To identify the reasons and factors associated with non-adhence of mammogram and Pap smear. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted through interviews with women between 25 and 69 years-old in basic health units. Results: 441 women were included in the study, 404 of whom were eligible for cervical cancer screening and 208 for breast cancer screening. Mammogram adherence was associated with educational level (p&lt;0.001), family history of breast cancer (p=0.047), self-assessment of health status (p&lt;0.001) and prior knowledge about age group (p&lt;0.001) and frequency (p&lt;0.001) of screening recommended by the Ministry of Health. However, the decision of undergo cervical cancer screening exam was associated with age (p=0.012), self-assessment of health status (p&lt;0.001) and prior knowledge about age group (p&lt;0.001) and frequency (p=0.027) of exam. In both groups, the main reasons for non-adherence to screening were: lack of time, difficulty scheduling appointments and/or tests, and the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic. Conclusion: Socioeconomic factors and health education influence the decision to participate in the secondary prevention of these neoplasms. Thus, health policies should be intensified addressing these topics to increase the adherence rate to exams.Objetivo: Identificar os motivos e os fatores associados à não realização da mamografia e do exame de Papanicolaou. Métodos: Este estudo observacional transversal foi conduzido por meio de entrevistas com mulheres de 25 a 69 anos em unidades básicas de saúde. Resultados: Foram incluídas 441 mulheres no estudo, sendo 404 elegíveis para o rastreamento do câncer de colo do útero e 208 para o rastreamento de câncer de mama. A realização da mamografia foi associada ao nível de educação (p&lt;0,001), histórico familiar de câncer de mama (p=0,047), autoavaliação do estado de saúde (p&lt;0,001) e conhecimento prévio sobre a faixa etária (p&lt;0,001) e frequência (p&lt;0,001) do rastreamento preconizada pelo Ministério da Saúde. Contudo, a adesão ao exame de rastreamento do câncer cervical foi associada à idade (p=0,012), autoavaliação do estado de saúde (p&lt;0,001) e conhecimento prévio sobre a faixa etária (p&lt;0,001) e frequência (p=0,027) do exame. Em ambos os grupos, os principais motivos da não adesão ao rastreamento foram: falta de tempo, dificuldade no agendamento na consulta e/ou exame e a pandemia de SARS-Cov-2. Conclusão: Fatores socioeconômicos e educação em saúde influenciam a decisão de participar da prevenção secundária dessas neoplasias. Desse modo, as políticas de saúde devem ser intensificadas, abordando esses tópicos para elevar as taxas de adesão aos exames

Estimating basal energy expenditure in liver transplant recipients : the value of the Harris-Benedict Equation

Racional: Estimativa confiável do metabolismo basal em pacientes transplantados de fígado é necessária para adaptar os requerimentos energéticos, melhorar o estado nutricional e prevenir ganho de peso. Calorimetria indireta (CI) é o padrão-ouro para a medição do metabolismo basal. No entanto, ele pode ser estimado utilizando-se métodos alternativos, incluindo a bioimpedância (BI), a Equação de Harris-Benedict (EHB), e também a Equação de Mifflin-St. Jeor (MSJ). Esses métodos alternativos possuem aplicabilidade mais fácil e custo inferior quando comparados à CI. Objetivo: Determinar qual dos três métodos alternativos para a estimativa do metabolismo basal (EHB, BI e MSJ) seria o mais confiável em pacientes transplantados de fígado. Métodos: Foi realizado estudo transversal prospectivo incluindo pacientes transplantados de fígado com dislipidemia, em acompanhamento ambulatorial. Comparações dos valores calculados de metabolismo basal via CI aos valores estimados por cada um dos três métodos alternativos (EHB, BI e MSJ) foram realizadas utilizando o de Bland- Altman e o teste de Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Quarenta e cinco pacientes foram incluídos com idade 58±10 anos. O metabolismo basal medido via CI foi 1664±319 kcal para pacientes do gênero masculino, e 1409±221 kcal para o feminino. A diferença média entre a taxa de metabolismo basal aferida por CI (1534±300 kcal) e estimada por BI (1584±377 kcal) foi +50 kcal (p=0.0384). A diferença média entre a taxa de metabolismo basal aferida via CI (1534±300 kcal) e estimada por MSJ (1479.6±375 kcal) foi -55 kcal (p=0.16). A diferença média entre os valores de taxa de metabolismo basal medidos via CI (1534±300 kcal) e estimados por EHB (1521±283 kcal) foi -13 kcal (p=0.326). Além disso, a diferença entre a taxa de metabolismo basal estimada via CI e a aferida por EHB foi menor que 100 kcal para 39 de todos os 43 pacientes avaliados. Conclusões: A EHB foi o mais confiável dos três métodos de estimativa da taxa de metabolismo basal em pacientes transplantados de fígado em acompanhamento ambulatorial.Background: Reliable measurement of basal energy expenditure (BEE) in liver transplant (LT) recipients is necessary for adapting energy requirements, improving nutritional status and preventing weight gain. Indirect calorimetry (IC) is the gold standard for measuring BEE. However, BEE may be estimated through alternative methods, including electrical bioimpedance (BI), Harris-Benedict Equation (HBE), and Mifflin-St. Jeor Equation (MSJ) that carry easier applicability and lower cost. Aim: To determine which of the three alternative methods for BEE estimation (HBE, BI and MSJ) would provide most reliable BEE estimation in LT recipients. Methods: Prospective cross-sectional study including dyslipidemic LT recipients in follow-up at a 735-bed tertiary referral university hospital. Comparisons of BEE measured through IC to BEE estimated through each of the three alternative methods (HBE, BI and MSJ) were performed using Bland-Altman method and Wilcoxon Rank Sum test. Results: Fortyfive patients were included, aged 58±10 years. BEE measured using IC was 1664±319 kcal for males, and 1409±221 kcal for females. Average difference between BEE measured by IC (1534±300 kcal) and BI (1584±377 kcal) was +50 kcal (p=0.0384). Average difference between the BEE measured using IC (1534±300 kcal) and MSJ (1479.6±375 kcal) was -55 kcal (p=0.16). Average difference between BEE values measured by IC (1534±300 kcal) and HBE (1521±283 kcal) was -13 kcal (p=0.326). Difference between BEE estimated through IC and HBE was less than 100 kcal for 39 of all 43patients. Conclusions: Among the three alternative methods, HBE was the most reliable for estimating BEE in LT recipients

NOTAS E RESENHAS

RESULTADOS TEXTURAIS DA ANÁLISE DE AMOSTRAS DE PLATAFORMA CONTINENTAL INTERNA COLETADAS DURANTE A OPERAÇÃO GEOMAR X ENTRE A BAÍA DE GUANABARA E PONTA NEGRA – RJ - Dieter Muche e Jorge Luiz Barbosa DIMENSÕES DA AGRICULTURA REGIONALIZAÇÃO DA MODERNIZAÇÃO NO MATO CROSSO DE GOIÁS – 1975 - Maria José Rezende Barreto e Lucia Helena de Oliveira Gerardi A MIGRAÇÃO EM ESCALA ESPACIAL MICRO: A MIGRAÇÃO INTRA-URBANA - Odeibler Santo Guidugli MEIO AMBIENTE: A ABORDAGEM DE ESPECIALISTAS DE DIVERSOS – RAMOS DO SABER - Antonio José Teixeira Guerra METODOLOGIA PARA VISÃO TRIDIMENSIONAL DAS IMAGENS "LANDSAT" - Jairo Roberto Jimenez Rueda e Antonio Misson Godoy CLIMATOLOGlA DO BRASIL - Maria Juraci Zani dos Santos &nbsp;PANORAMA AVALIATIVO DA CONTRIBUIÇÃO INGLESA À QUANTIFICAÇAO EM GEOGRAFIA - Antonio Christofoletti ANÁLISE GEOGRÁFICA DO COMPORTAMENTO HUMANO - Antonio Christofoletti ERODOLOGIA E GEOGRAFIA DOS SOLOS - Antonio Christofoletti CARACTERISTICAS E BASES FÍSICAS DAS ESTRUTURAS SEDIMENTARES – Antonio Christofoletti SEMINÁRIO INTERNACIONAL SOBRE PROCESSOS DE LATERIZAÇÃO - Antonio Christofoletti A ANÁLISE POLÍTICA DO ESPAÇO EM GEOGRAFIA - Odeibler Santo Guidugli QUANTIFICAÇAO EM GEOGRAFIA - José Alexandre Felizola Dini

Sustainable strategies based on glycine–betaine analogue ionic liquids for the recovery of monoclonal antibodies from cell culture supernatants

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are of crucial interest for therapeutic purposes, particularly in vaccination and immunization, and in the treatment of life-threatening diseases. However, their downstream processing from the complex cell culture media in which they are produced still requires multiple steps, making mAbs extremely high-cost products. Therefore, the development of cost-effective, sustainable and biocompatible purification strategies for mAbs is in high demand to decrease the associated economic, environmental and health burdens. Herein, novel aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) composed of glycine–betaine analogue ionic liquids (AGB-ILs) and K2HPO4/KH2PO4 at pH 7.0, the respective three-phase partitioning (TPP) systems, and hybrid processes combined with ultrafiltration were investigated and compared in terms of performance as alternative strategies for the purification and recovery of anti-human interleukin-8 (anti-IL-8) mAbs, which are specific therapeutics in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, from Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell culture supernatants. With the studied ABS, mAbs preferentially partition to the IL-rich phase, with recovery yields up to 100% and purification factors up to 1.6. The best systems were optimized in what concerns the IL concentration, allowing to take advantage of IL-based three-phase partitioning approaches where a precipitate enriched in mAbs is obtained at the ABS interface, yielding 41.0% of IgG with a purification factor of 2.7 (purity of 60.9%). Hybrid processes combining the two previous techniques and an ultrafiltration step were finally applied, allowing the recovery of mAbs from the different fractions in an appropriate buffer solution for further biopharmaceutical formulations, while allowing the simultaneous IL removal and reuse. The best results were obtained with the hybrid process combining TPP and ultrafiltration, allowing to obtain mAbs with a purity higher than 60%. The recyclability of the IL was additionally demonstrated, revealing no losses in the purification and recovery performance of these systems for mAbs. The biological activity of anti-IL-8 mAbs is maintained after the several purification and recovery steps, indicating that the novel ABS, three-phase partitioning and hybrid processes comprising AGB-ILs are promising and sustainable strategies in mAbs downstream processing.publishe

First inter-laboratory comparison of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato diagnosis in Latin America

To compare the performance of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests for diagnosing Echinococcus granulosus in dog feces among national reference laboratories in Argentina, Chile, Peru, and Uruguay