Alltagswelten von Jungpolitikern

Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit Jungpolitikern und ihrem Alltag innerhalb der Partei, des Gemeinderates und ihrer Arbeit in der Kommune. Ziel war es, herauszufinden, welche Techniken sie in ihrem Alltag anwenden, um die gesteckten Ziele zu erreichen. Da sich die jungen Politiker allerdings weniger als eine eigene Gruppe innerhalb der Gesellschaft verstehen, sondern ihre Rolle eher mit der eines Vereinsmitglieds vergleichbar ist, wenn auch mit anderen Zielen, hat sich der Fokus der Arbeit dann verschoben. Die Techniken, die angewandt wurden, waren das ero-epische Gespräch, sowie die freie, teilnehmende Beobachtung. Ziel war es, etwas über die Tätigkeiten innerhalb der JVP Baden herauszufinden, und einen Einblick in den Meinungsfindungsprozess, sowie andere Dinge in dieser, zu bekommen. Die Erkenntnisse, die gewonnen wurden, sprechen für sich: Eine Typologisierung verschiedener Politikertypen, wenn auch nicht mit Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit; Erkenntnisse über Abläufe innerhalb des Vereins, aber auch innerhalb des ÖVP-Klubs sowie dem Auftreten im Gemeinderat; und auch ein Einblick auf das gravierendste Problem, mit dem der Verein zu kämpfen hat: den fehlenden aktiven Mitgliedern. Auf diese, wie auch andere Dinge, sollten und wurden auch größtenteils Antworten gefunden. Diese Arbeit stellt allerdings keinen Anspruch darauf, das Leben dieser Menschen in allen Nuancen erforscht zu haben, da eine weitaus langwierigere Forschung nötig wäre, um alle Aspekte eingehender zu prüfen und neue zu finden, sie versteht sich aber als Einstieg in die Alltagswelt junger Politiker. Die in dieser Arbeit besprochenen Punkte wurden dem Obmann der JVP vorgelegt und von diesem auch abgesegnet, was für den Respekt der Mitglieder dem Forscher gegenüber, aber auch die Authentizität der Arbeit spricht.This work deals with young politicians and their daily lives within the party, the council and elsewhere. The aim was to find out what techniques they use in their everyday lives to achieve the set goals. The focus of this work has shifted because the young politicans don´t view themselves as a different part of society, but as a member of a club within the society. The techniques that were used were the ero-epic conversation, as well as the free and participant observation. The aim was to find out about the activities within the JVP Baden, and to get an insight into the process of reaching a consensus. The findings obtained speak for themselves: A typology of different political types, though not exhaustive. It also includes knowledge of processes within the organization and within the ÖVP-Club and the presence in the council. This also provides an insight into the most serious problem with which the club is struggling: the missing members. These and other problems were found und mostly solved. This work however doesn´t claim to have explored the lives of these people in all shades, as a much lengthier research would be necessary to examine all aspects and find new ones, but it is understood as an introduction to the everyday world of young politicians. The points discussed in this work were presented to the chairman of the JVP and also approved by him, which shows of the respect between the researcher and the members, but also speaks of the authenticity of the work

Speech synchronized 2D facial animation based on phonetic context dependent visemes images

Orientador: Jose Mario De MartinoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de ComputaçãoResumo: A animação facial por computador sincronizada com a fala permite a implementação de cabeças virtuais que podem contribuir para tornar interfaces humano-computador mais eficientes e atraentes. O presente trabalho apresenta um método de síntese de animação facial 2D baseado em imagens cujo desenvolvimento foi guiado por dois objetivos principais: a reprodução realista da movimentação articulatória visível da fala, incluindo os efeitos da coarticulação, e a possibilidade de implementação do método mesmo em plataformas com capacidades limitadas de processamento e memória, tais como celulares e assistentes pessoais digitais. O método desenvolvido baseia-se em uma base de imagens de visemas dependentes de contexto para o Português do Brasil e adota a técnica de metamorfose entre visemas para a síntese da animação facial. A abordagem proposta representa uma estratégia de síntese alternativa e inovadora, capaz de reproduzir a movimentação articulatória visível da fala, incluindo os efeitos da coarticulação, a partir de uma base de apenas 34 imagens. O trabalho inclui a implementação de um sistema piloto integrado a conversor texto-fala. Adicionalmente, o método de síntese proposto é avaliado através de teste de inteligibilidade da fala. Os resultados desta avaliação indicam que a informação visual fornecida pelas animações geradas pelo sistema contribui para a inteligibilidade da fala em condições de áudio contaminado por ruído. Apesar do trabalho estar restrito ao Português do Brasil, a solução apresentada é aplicável a outras línguas. Palavras-chave: Computação Gráfica, Animação Facial, Visemas, Coarticulação, MetamorfoseAbstract: Speech synchronized facial animation allows the implementation of talking heads that potentially can improve human-computer interfaces making them more efficient and attractive. This work presentsan image based 2D facial animation synthesis method whose development was guided by two main goals: the realistic reproduction of visible speech articulatory movements, including coarticulation effects, and the possibility to implement the method also on limited processing and memory platforms, like mobile phones or personal digital assistants. The developed method is based on an image database of Brazilian Portuguese context dependent visemes and uses the morphing between visemes strategy as facial animation synthesis technique. The proposed approach represents an alternative and innovative synthesis strategy, capable of reproducing the visible speech articulatory movements, including coarticulation effects, from an image database of just 34 images. This work includes the implementation of a pilot system integrated to a text-to-speech synthesizer. Additionally, the proposed synthesis method is evaluated through a speech intelligibility test. The test results indicate that the animations generated by the system contribute to improve speech intelligibility when audio is degraded by noise. Despite the fact this work is restricted to Brazilian Portuguese, the presented solution is applicable to other languages. Keywords: Computer Graphics, Facial Animation, Visemes, Coarticulation, MorphingMestradoEngenharia de ComputaçãoMestre em Engenharia Elétric

Challange and Fighting Social Stigma in Patient with Schizophrenia in Indonesia.

Purpose - This article aims to give an opinion on the cause of still the case of pasung in Indonesia, physical restraint and reduction in people with mental illness (called pasung in Indonesia), still found in Indonesia, government program †Indonesia free of pasung†still can not erase Indonesia from pasung. Design/methodology/approach -The approach to literature study causes the escape especially social stigma that occurs to make the case of the pipe still continues to exist Findings -The findings of many literature studies suggest that social stigma is a cause of social restraint in patients with severe psychiatric disorders Originality/value -The value of this study envolve Empowering people with mental disorders through social intervention can reduce the side effects of antipsychotic drugs and simultaneously help self-stigma in people with mental disorder

Challange and Fighting Social Stigma in Patient With Schizophrenia in Indonesia.

Purpose - This article aims to give an opinion on the cause of still the case of pasung in Indonesia, physical restraint and reduction in people with mental illness (called pasung in indonesia), still found in indonesia, government program †indonesia free of pasung†still can not erase indonesia from pasung. Design/methodology/approach -The approach to literature study causes the escape especially social stigma that occurs to make the case of the pipe still continues to exist Findings -The findings of many literature studies suggest that social stigma is a cause of social restraint in patients with severe psychiatric disorders Originality/value -The value of this study envolve Empowering people with mental disorders through social intervention can reduce the side effects of antipsychotic drugs and simultaneously help self-stigma in people with mental disorder

Development of a device to simulate tooth mobility

Objectives: The testing of new materials under simulation of oral conditions is essential in medicine. For simulation of fracture strength different simulation devices are used for test set-up. The results of these in vitro tests differ because there is no standardization of tooth mobility in simulation devices. The aim of this study is to develop a simulation device that depicts the tooth mobility curve as accurately as possible and creates reproducible and scalable mobility curves. Materials and methods: With the aid of published literature and with the help of dentists, average forms of tooth classes were generated. Based on these tooth data, different abutment tooth shapes and different simulation devices were designed with a CAD system and were generated with a Rapid Prototyping system. Then, for all simulation devices the displacement curves were created with a universal testing machine and compared with the tooth mobility curve. With this new information, an improved adapted simulation device was constructed. Results: A simulations device that is able to simulate the mobility curve of natural teeth with high accuracy and where mobility is reproducible and scalable was developed

CTGF is a central mediator of tissue remodeling and fibrosis and its inhibition can reverse the process of fibrosis

CTGF is a secreted matricellular protein with very complex biology. It has been shown to modulate many signaling pathways leading to cell adhesion and migration, angiogenesis, myofibroblast activation, and extracellular matrix deposition and remodeling, which together lead to tissue remodeling and fibrosis. It has been reported in the literature that inhibition of CTGF expression by siRNA prevents CCl4-induced liver fibrosis and can reverse fibrosis when administered after significant collagen deposition is observed. A monoclonal antibody to CTGF that is currently in clinical development (FG-3019) has demonstrated the ability to reverse vascular stiffening and improve cardiac function in a rat model of diabetic complications. FG-3019 has also exhibited activity in a murine radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis model. When FG-3019 was administered to mice after a significant radiation-induced increase in lung density could be observed by CT imaging, the density of the lungs was observed to decrease over the period during which the antibody was administered and to remain stable after therapy had ceased. When considered together, these data indicate that inhibition of CTGF can prevent and reverse the process of fibrosis

Fallout radionuclide-based techniques for assessing the impact of soil conservation measures on erosion control and soil quality: An overview of the main lessons learnt under an FAO/IAEA Coordinated Research Project

This paper summarizes key findings and identifies the main lessons learnt from a 5-year (2002-2008) coordinated research project (CRP) on "Assessing the effectiveness of soil conservation measures for sustainable watershed management and crop production using fallout radionuclides" (D1.50.08), organized and funded by the International Atomic Energy Agency through the Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture. The project brought together nineteen participants, from Australia, Austria, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Japan, Morocco, Pakistan, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States of America and Vietnam, involved in the use of nuclear techniques and, more particularly, fallout radionuclides (FRN) to assess the relative impacts of different soil conservation measures on soil erosion and land productivity. The overall objective of the CRP was to develop improved land use and management strategies for sustainable watershed management through effective soil erosion control practices, by the use of 137Cs (half-life of 30.2 years), 210Pb ex (half-life of 22.3 years) and 7Be (half-life of 53.4 days) for measuring soil erosion over several spatial and temporal scales. The environmental conditions under which the different research teams applied the tools based on the use of fallout radionuclides varied considerably - a variety of climates, soils, topographies and land uses. Nevertheless, the achievements of the CRP, as reflected in this overview paper, demonstrate that fallout radionuclide-based techniques are powerful tools to assess soil erosion/deposition at several spatial and temporal scales in a wide range of environments, and offer potential to monitor soil quality. The success of the CRP has stimulated an interest in many IAEA Member States in the use of these methodologies to identify factors and practices that can enhance sustainable agriculture and minimize land degradation. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd

Connective tissue growth factor in tumor pathogenesis

Key roles for connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) are demonstrated in the wound repair process where it promotes myofibroblast differentiation and angiogenesis. Similar mechanisms are active in tumor-reactive stroma where CTGF is expressed. Other potential roles include prevention of hypoxia-induced apoptosis and promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transistion (EMT). CTGF expression in tumors has been associated to both tumor suppression and progression. For example, CTGF expression in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, breast, pancreas and gastric cancer correlates to worse prognosis whereas the opposite is true for colorectal, lung and ovarian cancer. This discrepancy is not yet understood

Strategies for blocking the fibrogenic actions of connective tissue growth factor (CCN2): From pharmacological inhibition in vitro to targeted siRNA therapy in vivo

Connective tissue growth factor (CCN2) is a major pro-fibrotic factor that frequently acts downstream of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)-mediated fibrogenic pathways. Much of our knowledge of CCN2 in fibrosis has come from studies in which its production or activity have been experimentally attenuated. These studies, performed both in vitro and in animal models, have demonstrated the utility of pharmacological inhibitors (e.g. tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), prostaglandins, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) agonists, statins, kinase inhibitors), neutralizing antibodies, antisense oligonucleotides, or small interfering RNA (siRNA) to probe the role of CCN2 in fibrogenic pathways. These investigations have allowed the mechanisms regulating CCN2 production to be more clearly defined, have shown that CCN2 is a rational anti-fibrotic target, and have established a framework for developing effective modalities of therapeutic intervention in vivo

Liability of the subscriber for contracts of third parties with Premium Rate Service Providers

Legal problems with the usage of Premium Rate Services arise when other people than the subscriber of the telephone connection is using this telephone without the permission of the owner. In this thesis the author will examine on the basis of Austrian and Norwegian Law the liability of the subscriber for the fees of Premium Rate Services on the one hand when a person fully capable of contracting and on the other hand when a person incapable of contracting engages a such a service