Analysis of Potentials and Strategies of Tourism Development at Mount Telomoyo

Mount Telomoyo does not only have agricultural potential, but also tourism potential. However, this potential has not been developed optimally. This research aimed to analyze the tourism potential at Mount Telomoyo and formulate its development strategies, so that it becomes a region with fast growing economy. The method used in this research was Delphi and AHP analysis methods in strategy formulation. The potentials of nature tourism at Mount Telomoyo are Sekar Langit Waterfall, Seloprojo Waterfall, Bleder Lake, and Andong Mountain Climbing. The cultural tourism includes Umbul Temple Hot Pool, Sunan Geseng Tomb, and the cultural events such as traditional ceremony/Tradition and People’s Art. The locations of development priority were Seloprojo Tourism Area and Pandean Tourist Village. The development strategies of Telomoyo area as a global tourism included the construction of adequate road infrastructure, so that accessibility and mobility in Telomoyo area can run well. In addition, there was a need for the construction of supporting facilities and infrastructures, buildings and environmental arrangement, tourism and culture promotion using print and electronic media and involving stakeholders in the development and promotion, and socialization to the community about tourism.Keywords: Tourism, Potential, Strategy

Strategic Trade Policy in the Presence of International Outsourcing in a Duopoly Model

This paper analyzes how domestic government sets its optimal export policy in a duopoly model when its domestic firm can only outsource its input while the rival firm is able to both produce and outsource its input. First we analyze the strategic outsourcing behavior of the foreign firm. We find that the foreign firm’s decisions on whether to outsource input or to make it by itself depend on the trade policy taken by the domestic government.  The foreign firm will strategically outsource the entire quantity of its input production to the supplier with an input price higher than its in-house cost, if the domestic firm is subsidized by the domestic government. However, when the domestic firm is being charged a positive export tax by the domestic government, the foreign firm will decide to make input by itself despite the lower input price under the outsourcing regime. From the domestic government’s point of view, we find that the conditions for the foreign firm’s decisions correspond to the domestic social welfare maximization problem. When the foreign firm chooses to outsource its input to the supplier, the domestic government will impose a negative export tax on its firm, namely subsidy. While when the foreign firm chooses to make input by itself, the domestic government will impose an export tax on its firm as trade policy.Keywords: Trade Policy, Export Tax, Subsidy, Outsourcin

Simulation-Based 4D Modeling for Planning and Scheduling of Elevated Urban Highway Reconstruction Projects

Highway infrastructures in North America have surpassed their service life, and the transportation developments are shifting from construction of new highways to reconstruction of existing facilities. Elevated urban highway reconstruction projects involve complex geometry and limited space available which lead to spatio-temporal conflicts. Additionally, maintaining acceptable flow of traffic without compromising safety in highway construction zones is another major issue for planners. Overall, the phasing of construction work in such projects is complicated due to the structural complexity, large number of involved contractors, independent resource utilization planning by each contractor, and the vast number of activities that will be taking place at the same time. This research proposes a new methodology by integrating 4D modeling and simulation in the planning and scheduling phases of elevated urban highway reconstruction projects to detect spatio-temporal conflicts. A sequence assessment approach using a deterministic 4D model is presented to define the order in which the segments should be constructed or demolished. The result of this step is a sequence which will be used as the process chain for simulation techniques. Then, a probabilistic 4D model is introduced by linking the 3D model of the project with generated probabilistic schedules from Monte-Carlo and Discrete Event simulations. The proposed approach is capable of identifying scenarios with the highest potential of conflict and calculating the probability associated with each scenario. The benefits of the proposed approach are highlighted, and the feasibility of the proposed methods is explored through three case studies

Analyzing the Gap between Vertical Housing Demand and Supply in Magelang City, Indonesia: A SEM Analysis

The growing population has led to an increasing demand for housing in Magelang City, Indonesia, especially for the lower income societies. Despite the efforts of the local government to provide housing aid through vertical housing, the demand for vertical houses is still relatively low, proven by the low occupancy level of the current available vertical houses. This paper applies SEM to analyze the gap between vertical housing supply and demand in Magelang City, Indonesia. The data is gathered using questionnaires distributed to 100 respondents as the target of housing aid in Magelang City. The analysis is conducted using four latent variables: social economy, perception, promotion and decision and applying Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) with additional three variables in the supply side: price, facilities and occupancy. This paper shows that from the demand side, the societies’ decision in choosing vertical house is affected by their perception on vertical houses. Meanwhile, from the supply side the occupancy level of vertical house is affected by its facilities. These two variables then explain the gap between demand and supply of vertical housing in Magelang City

Persepsi Masyarakat terhadap Pengembangan Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus Sei Mangkei sebagai Klaster Industri

The purpose of this research is to know the perception of societies to the development of Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus (KEK) Sei Mangkei as a cluster of industry. The analysis conducted in this study is a social-economy method by using 3 dimensions, which consists of the role of KEK Sei Mangkei in the development of social and economic based on investigation on the activity of PT Perkebunan Nusantara III up to now, analysis about the information dan transparency of the development of KEK Sei Mangkei, and analysis about the perception of societies about the development of KEK Sei Mangkei. The analysis is about the perception of societies comprises potency of Sei Mangkei as growth pole, relationship between KEK Sei Mangkei and social life of the societies, relationship between KEK Sei Mangkei and economic life of the societies and general perception. The analysis method uses the descriptive method, by issuing questionaires to 100 respondents surrounding the area.The result of this research shows that the PTPN III plays role in the social and economy development of local societies of Bosar Maligas District. It is realized in absorbtion of local labour and provision of facilities and infrastructures for societies. According to the greater part of respondents, the development of KEK Sei Mangkei which is now going on, is conducted transparently and involves local soceties to participate. In the perception of societies, Sei Mangkei is a potential to be a new economic growth pole by making the area becomes special economic region. They believe that the existence of SEZ Sei Mangkei will increase life standard of local societies of Bosar Maligas District. Almost all respondents agree that the development of KEK Sei Mangkei will give advantage to progress of societies, especially in increasing of societies' social-economic standard. To sum up, most of the societies agree with the development of KEK Sei Mangkei with their main expectation that KEK Sei Mangkei will use local labour as employment so the problem of unemployment can be solved

Desenvolvimento e mapeamento de microssatélites gênicos (EST-SSRs) de camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia [H.B.K.] McVaugh)

We describe the development of expressed sequence tags - simple sequence repeats (ESTSSRs) or genetic microsatellites of camu-camu, a small round native fruit of the Amazon rain forest, which that has the highest known amount of natural vitamin C of any plant. Two thousand sequences from a camu-camu ESTs library were analyzed and 219 ESTSSRs were selected for the development of SSRs markers, of which 74.2% were perfect simple and 22.7% were perfect interrupted. The EST-SSRs were 13% trinucleotides and 87% dinucleotides; and the most frequent dinucleotides were GA, CT, AG and TC, also found in other dicots. These markers were used to probe their amplification power and to detect polymorphism in camu-camu and other four Mirtaceae family species; moreover, EST-SSRs sequences were also compared with protein sequences at the protein databases of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Of these EST-SSRs, 20.8% had good characteristics for primer design. From this group 15 primers were synthesized, eight of them had a good amplification power and presented polymorphism in 139 access of camu-camu with 7 to 21 alleles/loci. Also six of these polymorphic EST-SSRs amplified in the four mirtaceas species. The sequences of these eight EST-SSRs had some relationship with known proteins, five of them presented values between <1E-51 and <1E-109. This low cost methodology to obtain EST-SSRs from public libraries, could be used to get markers useful in the diversity, transferability and similarity with known proteins studies. Descrevemos o desenvolvimento marcadores de nucleotídeos repetidos em tandem de seqüências expressas (EST-SSRs) o microssatélites gênicos de camu-camu, a qual é uma pequena fruta nativa da Amazônia que cotem o mais alto conteúdo de vitamina C natural de qualquer fruteira conhecida no mundo. Dois mil seqüências da biblioteca de ESTs de camu-camu foram analisadas e 219 EST-SSRs para o desenvolvimento de marcadores moleculares foram identificadas e analisadas. Dos 219 EST-SSRs 74,2% foram perfeitos simples e 22,7% perfeitos interrompidos. Os EST-SSRs foram 13% trinucleotídeos e 87% dinucleotídeos; os dinucleotídeos mais freqüentes foram GA, CT, AG e TC motivos comuns em outras dicotiledôneas. Os marcadores obtidos foram usados para identificar seu poder de amplificação para detectar polimorfismos e testar a transferibilidade com quatro espécies da família Mirtaceae; além disso, foram comparados com seqüências de proteínas de outras espécies depositadas nas bases de dados do National Center for Biotechnology Information NCBI. Dos EST-SSRs, 20,8% tiveram boas características para o desenho de “primers”, deste grupo 15 “primers” foram sintetizados, oito apresentaram polimorfismo para o camu-camu detectando em 139 acessos de camu-camu entre 7 e 21 alelos/loci, alem disso, seis de estes EST-SSRs amplificaram em quatro espécies mirtáceas. As seqüências dos oito EST-SSRs tiveram alguma relação com proteínas conhecidas, cinco apresentaram valores entre <1E-51 e <1E-109. Esta metodologia de obtenção de EST-SSRs de camu-camu a partir de informações de bases de dados públicas ou bibliotecas disponíveis, pode ser aplicada a baixo custo em outras espécies para estudos de diversidade, transferibilidade e nos estudos de similaridade com proteínas conhecidas.