METROPOLITAN AGRICULTURE, SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC DYNAMICS AND THE FOOD-CITY RELATIONSHIP IN SOUTHERN EUROPE

Peri-urban agriculture is a pivotal issue in the debate on sustainable management of land in metropolitan regions worldwide. Multiple socioeconomic and environmental solutions introduced by new models of peri-urban agriculture are playing an important role in planning and management of fringe land. The recent development of peri-urban agriculture in Southern European cities was supposed to reflect latent, crisis-driven processes of 'coming back to land': new land has been extensively cultivated, and new relations have been created between farmers, communities and territories within peri-urban areas. This study describes some relevant experiences of peri-urban farming in 6 metropolitan regions (Lisbon, Barcelona, Marseille, Rome, Athens, Istanbul) representative of different socioeconomic contexts in Southern Europe, outlining strengths and weaknesses in the use of fringe land for cropping, and evidencing relevant implications for urban sustainability

Implementación de nuevas estrategias didácticas hacia la enseñanza del idioma inglés para niños y jóvenes de la Escuela Normal Superior Santa Teresita

https://unadvirtualedu-my.sharepoint.com/:f:/g/personal/ypencisod_unadvirtual_edu_co/Eng6s52TfchCg9WADVN2Qw0B3mS5zhPZ3_enGIJk4Kc2ng?e=p6aQM5La propuesta pedagógica Implementación de nuevas estrategias didácticas hacia la enseñanza del idioma inglés para niños y jóvenes de la Escuela Normal Superior Santa Teresita, fue diseñada y desarrollada en tres actividades que se llevaron a cabo durante 2 meses en la institución, las cuales se titularon English Lab para mejorar los procesos de enseñanza, The English Science Project, clases sensoriales, Songs and movies; Vocabulary in English classes. Cada una de ellas tuvo un momento de inicio, de desarrollo y un final, en donde el enfoque principal fue trabajar en la implementación de estrategias que facilitaran y dinamizaran los procesos de aprendizaje, permitiendo que los estudiantes participaran activamente en el proceso, gracias al uso de herramientas tecnológicas en la planeación y ejecución de los procesos de enseñanza de la lengua extranjera. Esta fue una propuesta viable para la institución, gracias a el acceso de recursos tanto financieros como digitales con los que cuenta la institución, lo cual permitió el completo desarrollo en la implementación de esta misma teniendo en cuenta que los estudiantes tenían bajas competencias en el idioma, mediante la implementación de esta propuesta pedagógica se evidencio a través de los resultados obtenidos por parte de los niños y jóvenes que hicieron parte de las actividades desarrolladas, que hubo una participación activa y una mejora notoria en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Durante las actividades prácticas y didácticas que se llevaron a cabo mediante la secuencia didáctica, los estudiantes se mantuvieron motivados, interesados y activamente participativos, lo cual nos indica la importancia en la implementación de nuevas estrategias didácticas en la enseñanza del idioma extranjero.The pedagogical proposal for the Implementation of new didactic strategies towards the teaching of the English language to children and young people of the Santa Teresita Normal Superior School was designed and developed based on three activities that were carried out for 2 months at the institution, which were titled English Lab to improve teaching processes, The English Science Project sensory classes, Songs, and movies; Vocabulary in English Classes. Each of them had a beginning, development, and end, where our focus was to work on the implementation of strategies that facilitate and energize the learning processes and make students actively participate in their learning, own learning using technological tools in the planning and execution of foreign language teaching processes. This was a viable proposal for the institution, thanks to the access to both financial and digital resources that the institution has, which allowed the complete development in its implementation taking into account that the students had low language skills, through the implementation of this pedagogical proposal, it is evident through the results obtained by the children and young people who were part of the activities developed, that there was active participation and a noticeable improvement in the teaching and learning processes. During the practical and didactic activities that were carried out through the didactic sequence, the students remained motivated, interested and participatory, which indicates the importance in the implementation of new didactic strategies in the teaching of the foreign language. To prepare this pedagogical proposal we considered great references and pioneers in educational research and the didactic application in the teaching of foreign languages

Effect of adalimumab on neutrophil function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Neutrophils are known to be targets for the biological activity of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the pathogenensis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Therefore, these cells may be among the targets of anti-TNF-α therapy. In this study we evaluated the effect of therapy with adalimumab (a fully human anti-TNF-α mAb; dosage: 40 mg subcutaneously every other week) on certain phenotypic and functional aspects of neutrophils obtained from 10 selected patients with RA and 20 healthy control individuals. Peripheral blood neutrophils were obtained at baseline and during anti-TNF-α therapy (2, 6 and 12 weeks after the first administration of adalimumab). All patients had been receiving a stable regimen of hydroxychloroquine, methotrexate and prednisone for at least 3 months before and during the study. Baseline neutrophil chemotaxis was significantly decreased in RA patients when compared with control individuals (P < 0.001). Two weeks after the first administration of adalimumab, chemotactic activity was completely restored, with no differences noted between patients and control individuals; these normal values were confirmed 6 and 12 weeks after the start of anti-TNF-α therapy. Phagocytic activity and CD11b membrane expression on neutrophils were similar between RA patients and control individuals; no modifications were observed during TNF-α neutralization. The production of reactive oxygen species, both in resting and PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate)-stimulated cells, was significantly higher in RA patients at baseline (P < 0.05) and was unmodified by anti-TNF-α mAb. Finally, we showed that the activation antigen CD69, which was absent on control neutrophils, was significantly expressed on neutrophils from RA patients at baseline (P < 0.001, versus control individuals); however, the molecule was barely detectable on cells obtained from RA patients during adalimumab therapy. Because CD69 potentially plays a role in the pathogenesis of arthritis, our findings suggest that neutrophils are among the targets of anti-TNF-α activity in RA and may provide an insight into a new and interesting mechanism of action of anti-TNF-α mAbs in the control of inflammatory arthritis

Análisis de los sectores de alimentos, confecciones y maquinaria eléctrica en Cartagena, 1990-1999

Las variables analizadas muestran que el proceso de apertura económica no incidió favorablemente en el comportamiento de los sectores de Alimentos, Confecciones y Maquinaria Eléctrica. En las variables de desempeño y en la productividad total factorial, se muestran comportamientos negativos en el periodo de reforma llevado a cabo en Colombia; todo parece indicar que estos sectores no estaban preparados para afrontar el proceso de apertura económica, por la falta en la innovación de métodos productivos por medio de la inversión en capital y modernas tecnologías. Así mismo los indicadores de especialización señalan al sector de alimentos como la industria más especializada en firmas en la ciudad de Cartagena contrastado con el nivel nacional, en relación a los tres sectores en estudio; mientras que los cocientes de especialización según producción en los sectores de alimentos, confecciones y maquinaria eléctrica no son especializados.Incluye bibliografí

Diccionario electrónico del habla popular de los valles de los ríos Sinú y San Jorge

En la Costa Atlántica colombiana (departamentos de Córdoba, Sucre, , Bolívar, Cesar, Guajira) muchos estudiosos vinculados a actividades , o por fuera de ellas, han manifestado curiosidad y han tenido  importantes por las peculiaridades del lenguaje en esta zona del . En nuestro medio académico, y un tanto por fuera de él, se ha estudiado  léxico,  las jergas de grupos de trabajo y ocupaciones, pero de  asistemática y por ende de forma muy parcial. Los sesgos etnocentristas  han faltado en estos trabajos. Se han inventariado  y expresiones  y se han indicado, muy  superficialmente, las características , morfológicas y lexicales del habla de las regiones de la Costa AtlánticaColombiana

Entomofauna asociada a pasturas tropicales Cenchrus ciliaris, Chloris gayana y Megathyrsus maximus

Introduction. Pastures are the primary source of food in livestock systems and can be a suitable niche for insects with beneficial and harmful functions. Objective. To estimate the entomofauna associated with three species of pastures, Cenchrus ciliaris, Chloris gayana, and Megathyrsus maximus, in conditions of the Colombian Caribbean. Materials and methods. Ten samplings were carried out in two contrasting periods (August to October 2018 and January to March 2019), three forage species (Cenchrus ciliaris, Megathyrsus maximus, Chloris gayana) within 1000 m2 were used. Arthropods were identified by order and family and typified by functional groups. Diversity and abundance indices by pasture and season were estimated, as well as their correlation with climate. A simple correspondence analysis was performed. Results. A total of 380 insects from 7 orders and 35 families were collected, with the greatest abundance for Hemiptera and Coleoptera. The Shannon’s diversity index was higher for all orders of C. gayana, except for Hemiptera in C. ciliaris. Phytophages were found in a higher percentage (66.84 %), followed by predators (27.11 %). Insect abundance was influenced by the interaction between season and pasture, showing an increase at low temperatures, except for M. maximus. Pastures represented adequate microenvironments to maintain the diversity of insects, the Hemiptera and Coleoptera orders being the most numerous and representative of the functional groups of phytophages and predators, respectively. Conclusion. The entomofauna of C. gayana, C. ciliaris, and M. maximus was similar in insect abundance and diversity, however, insect abundance depended on the influence of the season and pastures

Changes in genotoxic stress response, ribogenesis and PAP (3’-phosphoadenosine 5’-phosphate) levels are associated with loss of desiccation tolerance in overprimed Medicago truncatula seeds

Re‐establishment of desiccation tolerance is essential for the survival of germinated seeds facing water deficit in the soil. The molecular and ultrastructural features of desiccation tolerance maintenance and loss within the nuclear compartment are not fully resolved. In the present study, the impact of desiccation‐induced genotoxic stress on nucleolar ultrastructure and ribogenesis was explored along the rehydration−dehydration cycle applied in standard seed vigorization protocols. Primed and overprimed Medicago truncatula seeds, obtained through hydropriming followed by desiccation (dry‐back), were analysed. In contrast to desiccation‐tolerant primed seeds, overprimed seeds enter irreversible germination and do not survive dry‐back. Reactive oxygen species, DNA damage and expression profiles of antioxidant/DNA Damage Response genes were measured, as main hallmarks of the seed response to desiccation stress. Nuclear ultrastructural features were also investigated. Overprimed seeds subjected to dry‐back revealed altered rRNA accumulation profiles and up‐regulation of genes involved in ribogenesis control. The signal molecule PAP (3′‐phosphoadenosine 5′‐phosphate) accumulated during dry‐back only in primed seeds, as a distinctive feature of desiccation tolerance. The presented results show the molecular and ultrastructural landscapes of the seed desiccation response, including substantial changes in nuclear organization