La Guerra del Pacífico en la Hístoriografía Peruana: Notas para su Estudio

Indexación: Revista UNABLa Guerra del Pacífico es, hasta hoy, fuente de controversias para la historiografía del vecino país. Condicionada inicialmente por factores nacionalistas, la profesionalización del oficio del historiador, y la necesidad de entender el conflicto desligados de ideales patrióticos, han generado un debate que enfrenta las nuevas visiones con aquellos que, siguiendo modelos pasados, continúan percibiendo la historia como un instrumento ideológico

Derecho Público y constitucionalización del Derecho Penal Criterios jurisprudenciales referentes al principio de legalidad y de tipicidad expresa en materia penal

La constitucionalización del Derecho Penal, es un fenómeno relativamentereciente, que se ha visto incrementado con la concentración de facultades jurisdiccionales constitucionales en el Tribunal Constitucional y por el nacimiento del nuevo recurso de inconstitucionalidad, que tiene en nuestro derecho casi tres años de existencia.El propósito de esta investigación será determinar los límites al ius puniendi que impone la Constitución Política de 1980 al Estado de Derecho, considerando la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional sobre la materia

Propuestas para la mejora de la competitividad del sector exportador de flores cortadas en el Ecuador

SE REALIZA UN DIAGNOSTICO DE EVOLUCION DEL SECTOR PRODUCTOR Y EXPORTADOR, VARIEDADES QUE SE COMERCIAN,PRINCIPALES PRODUCTORES Y COMPETIDORES DE FLORES A NIVEL MUNDIAL. MERCADO DE DESTINOS PARA LOS PRODUCTOS FLORICOLAS ECUATORIANOS. SE DETERMINA BENEFICIOS SOCIALES Y ECONOMICOS PARA LA APLICACION DE SELLOS ECOLOGICOS SOCIALES PARA LA PRODUCCION DE FLORES.. SE ANALIZA EL ROL DEL TRANSPORTE EN EL COMERCIO INTERNACIONAL Y LA COMPETENCIA DE LA UNA ECONOMIA GLOBALIZADA. OBJETIVO FUNDAMENTAL ES SATISFACER LA DEMANDA LOCAL Y CONSEGUIR DE ALGUNA MANERA INGRESAR EL PRODUCTO A ESTADOS UNIDOS

Comparative branching order and root anatomy of clonal and seed-grown avocado trees (Persea americana Mill.)

Characterizing roots according to their branching order and anatomy is a useful approach for identifying functional differences within and among root systems. In this study, the root branching order and the anatomy of each root order (stele and cortex area) were examined in two-year-old “Duke 7” avocado (Persea americana Mill.) trees propagated by seed and by clonal techniques. The root systems were found to have three different root orders that exhibited differences in the occurrence of secondary xylem. Fine roots (first- and second-order roots) presented only primary growth, whereas the main roots (third-order roots) exhibited secondary growth. Transverse sections of roots from the different orders showed pentarch, hexarch or heptarch tracheal element distributions. Newly emerged, long, unbranched pioneer roots were observed only in the clonal trees and showed particular anatomical features, such as a larger diameter and a proportionally greater cortex area than other roots, as well as primary growth. Additionally, significant differences were found between clonal and seedling trees in the stele area of third-order roots; clonal propagation resulted in larger stele areas in this type of root. Our results suggest that propagation methods influence the presence of new pioneer roots and the anatomy of third-order roots; clonal root systems branch more extensively than seed-grown root systems and develop a vascular system with a larger transport capacity

Real space manifestations of coherent screening in atomic scale Kondo lattices

The interaction among magnetic moments screened by conduction electrons drives quantum phase transitions between magnetically ordered and heavy-fermion ground states. Here, starting from isolated magnetic impurities in the Kondo regime, we investigate the formation of the finite size analogue of a heavy Fermi liquid. We build regularly-spaced chains of Co adatoms on a metallic surface by atomic manipulation. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy is used to obtain maps of the Kondo resonance intensity with sub-atomic resolution. For sufficiently small interatomic separation, the spatial distribution of Kondo screening does not coincide with the position of the adatoms. It also develops enhancements at both edges of the chains. Since we can rule out any other interaction between Kondo impurities, this is explained in terms of the indirect hybridization of the Kondo orbitals mediated by a coherent electron gas, the mechanism that causes the emergence of heavy quasiparticles in the thermodynamic limit.Financial support was provided by the Spanish Plan Nacional de I+ D+ i (grants MAT 2013-46593-C6-3-P, MAT2016-78293-C6-6-R, MAT2015-66888-C3-2-R, and FIS2015-64886-C5-3-P), Charles University (programme PRIMUS/Sci/09) and the European Union through programmes Interreg-POCTEFA (grant TNSI/EFA194/16) and H2020-EINFRA-5-2015 MaX Center of Excellence (grant no. 676598). M. M.-L., M. P., and D. S. acknowledge the use of SAI at Universidad de Zaragoza. R. R. acknowledges The Severo Ochoa Centers of Excellence Program (grant no. SEV-2017-0706) and Generalitat de Catalunya (grant no. 2017SGR1506 and the CERCA Programme)