Environmental Protection And Public Procurement

European Union law has decisively influenced the development and recent evolution of national legislation on environment and on public procurement. One of the most important objetives of European Directives on public procurement have been to introduce environmental protection. But the principles of objectivity, transparency, publicity and non discrimination must be respect in all cases. These principles constitute at present the foundation of all public rules on procurement and are characterized by their transversality as they cover and are manifest in all stages of the contract, preparation and performance

Technical Administrative Legal And Environmental Protection

Environmental law uses various techniques or tools to achieve its aims and objectives and for the protection of individual rights and interests involved. Administrative techniques can be systematized in terms of their content, distinguishing between preventive intervention techniques, development tools, techniques of repression, environmental planning, trading instruments and complementary economic measures

Effectiveness of Mechanical Horse-Riding Simulators on Postural Balance in Neurological Rehabilitation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Mechanical horse-riding simulators consist of a device that mimics the movement of a real horse, generating between 50 and 100 three-dimensional physical movements (forward and back, left and right, up and down). The main objective of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of mechanical horse-riding simulators to improve postural balance in subjects with neurological disorders. The search was conducted during January-March 2019 in PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Cochrane, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Scopus. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated through the PEDro scale. A total of seven articles were included in this systematic review, of which four contributed information to the meta-analysis. Statistical analysis showed favorable results for balance in stroke patients, measured by the Berg Balance Scale (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 3.24; 95%; confidence interval (CI): 1.66-4.83). Not conclusive results were found in sitting postural balance, measured using the Gross Motor Function Measure-66 (GMFM-66) Sitting Dimension, in patients with cerebral palsy. Most studies have shown beneficial effects on postural balance compared with conventional physical therapy. However, due to the limited number of articles and their low methodological quality, no solid conclusions can be drawn about the effectiveness of this therapy

El Secreto profesional en la funcion notarial

78 p.La presente memoria pretende realizar una investigación acerca de la función desempeñada por el notario, especialmente lo que se refiere al secreto profesional que rodea la función que este personaje desempeña, ya que el tema ha sido de muy escaso análisis, lo que provoca un vacío a nivel de conocimiento ciudadano, ocasionando ciertas confusiones a la hora de determinar el límite entre lo público y lo privado. Lo anterior se deriva principalmente por la idea de publicidad que rodea a todo el sistema notarial y registral Chileno, de acuerdo al cual cualquier persona tiene el libre acceso a los registros. El desarrollo de este trabajo se hará bajo una investigación de tipo documental, porque principalmente se analizarán textos, y el método más utilizado corresponde al analítico, según el cual se identificarán y analizarán cada uno de los elementos que componen y caracterizan el actuar notarial

Lavado de dinero a travez de Instituciones Financieras : Evaluación de un caso práctico de lavado de dinero por medio de instituciones bancarias durante el periodo 2000-2002

El delito de lavado de dinero es un gran problema para los países ya que significa graves pérdidas para su economía, esta es una operación sumamente compleja por lo que requiere de muchos factores para llevarse a cabo. Los actos de corrupción, el tráfico de influencias, así como el secretismo gubernamental favorecen a la propiciación de este delito. En el presente trabajo se realizó la evaluación de un caso práctico de lavado de dinero por medio de instituciones financieras durante el periodo 2000-2002 con el objetivo de explicar cómo pueden las instituciones financieras ser involucradas indirectamente en el delito de lavado de dinero. El caso canal 6 es un ejemplo práctico, el cual significo para Nicaragua una pérdida de 1.3 millones de dólares, ya que tiene como inicio los fondos del gobierno utilizados para realizar compras aparentemente normales, los cuales fueron depositados en cuentas personales dentro y fuera del país, vía paraísos fiscales para finalmente terminar en empresas amigas o pagar cuentas personales, por tal razón la lucha contra el lavado de dinero se vuelve una prioridad en Nicaragua, no solo por la pérdida económica sino por la imagen que se tiene del país a nivel mundial. Se concluyó al finalizar el análisis del caso práctico, que los vacíos en las leyes así como la lenidad de la justicia permiten la impunidad de las personas que realizan delitos como lavado de dinero determinándose que no solo se necesita una mejora sustancial en las leyes vigentes sino también un mayor apoyo a los organismos que intervienen en la lucha contra el lavado de dinero para mejorar la situación del país

Ultrasonic evaluation of different types of mortas subjected to attack by pig slurry

This paper presents the mechanical behavior of different types of mortar subjected to attack by real pig slurry. The study of the behaviour of mortars was made by the ultrasonic velocity images, obtained by means of automatic inspection and mechanical test of compressive strength. The use of ultrasonic velocity has allowed the extraction of information on the state of damage to the inspected material. The results obtained from non-destructive ultrasonic tests were compared to destructive testing of compressive strength, and they showed how ultrasonic velocity in the degraded material correlates well with the compressive strength. This conclusion allows us to affirm that the ultrasonic velocity can be used to characterize the process of degradation in cement mortars attacked by pig slurry. The study proposes a mathematic model for estimating compressive strength by measuring variations in ultrasonic velocity

Real-time detection of uncalibrated sensors using Neural Networks

Nowadays, sensors play a major role in several contexts like science, industry and daily life which benefit of their use. However, the retrieved information must be reliable. Anomalies in the behavior of sensors can give rise to critical consequences such as ruining a scientific project or jeopardizing the quality of the production in industrial production lines. One of the more subtle kind of anomalies are uncalibrations. An uncalibration is said to take place when the sensor is not adjusted or standardized by calibration according to a ground truth value. In this work, an online machine-learning based uncalibration detector for temperature, humidity and pressure sensors was developed. This solution integrates an Artificial Neural Network as main component which learns from the behavior of the sensors under calibrated conditions. Then, after trained and deployed, it detects uncalibrations once they take place. The obtained results show that the proposed solution is able to detect uncalibrations for deviation values of 0.25 degrees, 1% RH and 1.5 Pa, respectively. This solution can be adapted to different contexts by means of transfer learning, whose application allows for the addition of new sensors, the deployment into new environments and the retraining of the model with minimum amounts of data

Strength and porosity evolution of two cement mortar submerged in pig slurry

Pig slurry is an agricultural by-product used chiefly to fertilize cultivated fields. The demand for fertilizer depends on crop cycles. So, the slurry must be stored over long periods of time. In Spain, the lagoons of different depths generally used for such storage are made of brick covered with plain or reinforced concrete. Also, the slurry is in contact with other precast concrete structural members. The degradation of these structures may entail substantial economic loss, in patterned flooring especially, where deterioration-induced collapse can cause severe injury to the animals. The paper presents two aspects related to the durability of the mortar cements. In it addresses the variations observed in porosity and flexural and compressive strength in two types of cement mortar when submerged in pig slurry. The tests were conducted in a 100 m3 experimental lagoon. The mortars were exposed to three types of environments for 36 months: one outside the test lagoon and two submerged in it, at two different depths. Bending and compression measurements were taken after 3, 12, 24 and 36 months. In addition, 3, 24 and 36 month specimens were tested for total porosity and pore-size distribution

Energyplus simulation model of a zoning regulation system intgegrated with an unitary ducted air-to-air heat pump

En los edificios se pueden distinguir una variedad de zonas con diferentes patrones de utilización y perfiles de cargas térmicas. Los sistemas de climatización zonificados permiten adaptarse a las diferentes demandas térmicas de cada espacio y no climatizar aquellos que no estén siendo utilizados. Recientemente, con el aumento de la disponibilidad de velocidades de ventilador de los principales fabricantes de unidades de expansión directa de pequeña y mediana potencia para conductos, se han desarrollado sistemas que se basan en lo que se denomina una “pasarela de comunicación”, que permite una mayor integración del sistema de zonas con el equipo de climatización, controlando aspectos tales como el encendido y apagado, modo de funcionamiento, velocidad del ventilador, temperatura de consigna del equipo, etc. Este trabajo presenta el desarrollo de un nuevo modelo computacional que integra estos sistemas en el programa de simulación energética EnergyPlusUniversidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec