Mapping the star formation history of Mrk86: I. Data and models

We have obtained optical (BVR, [OIII]5007 and Halpha), near infrared (JHK) imaging and long-slit optical spectroscopy for the Blue Compact Dwarf galaxy Mrk86 (NGC2537). In this paper, the first of two, we present optical-near- infrared colors and emission-line fluxes for the currently star-forming regions, intemediate aged starburst and underlying stellar population. We also describe the evolutionary synthesis models used in Paper II. The R and Halpha luminosity distributions of the galaxy star-forming regions show maxima at M_R=-9.5 and L_Halpha=10^37.3 erg s^-1. The underlying stellar population shows an exponential surface brigthness profile with central value, mu_E,0=21.5 mag arcsec^-2, and scale, alpha=0.88 kpc, both measured in the R-band image. In the galaxy outer regions, dominated by this component, no significant color gradients are observed. Finally, a set of evolutionary synthesis models have been developed, covering a wide range in metallicity and burst strength.Comment: 21 pages, 14 figures, 2 landscape tables, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics Supplement Series, for higher resolution images see ftp://cutrex.fis.ucm.es/pub/OUT/gil/PAPERS/aa00_I.ps.g

Facilitation of cholinergic transmission by combined treatment of ondansetron with flumazenil after cortical cholinergic deafferentation

We have studied the effects of concomitant blockade of 5-HT(3) and GABA(A) receptors on acetylcholine (ACh) release in the frontal cortex of rats with a selective cholinergic lesion. Lesions were performed by microinjection of the cholinergic toxin 192 IgG-saporin into the nucleus basalis magnocellularis. Single treatment with either the 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist ondansetron, 0.1 microg/kg, or the GABA(A) receptor benzodiazepine site antagonist flumazenil, 10 mg/kg, did not affect ACh release. However, the combined ondansetron + flumazenil administration significantly increased ACh release to a similar extent as a depolarising stimulus with K(+), 100 mM, at both 7 and 30 days post-lesion. Cortical perfusion with the combined ondansetron + flumazenil treatment also increased [(3)H]ACh efflux "in vitro" 30 days after lesion, suggesting that local events within the frontal cortex may participate in the interaction of ondansetron with GABAergic neurons, modulating ACh release in situations of cholinergic hypoactivity. No differences in the expression of 5-HT(3) and GABA(A) receptors in the frontal cortex were found after the cholinergic lesion. These results suggest that a combined ondansetron + flumazenil treatment would contribute to restoring a diminished cholinergic function and may provide a basis for using this treatment in the therapy of cognitive disorders associated with degeneration of the cholinergic system

Evaluation of cholinergic markers in Alzheimer's disease and in a model of cholinergic deficit

Cognitive deficits in neuropsychiatric disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), have been closely related to cholinergic deficits. We have compared different markers of cholinergic function to assess the best biomarker of cognitive deficits associated to cholinergic hypoactivity. In post-mortem frontal cortex from AD patients, acetylcholine (ACh) levels, cholinacetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were all reduced compared to controls. Both ChAT and AChE activity showed a significant correlation with cognitive deficits. In the frontal cortex of rats with a selective cholinergic lesion, all cholinergic parameters measured (ACh levels, ChAT and AChE activities, "in vitro" and "in vivo" basal ACh release) were significantly reduced. AChE activity was associated to ChAT activity, and even more, to "in vivo" and "in vitro" basal ACh release. Quantification of AChE activity is performed by an easy and cheap method and therefore, these results suggest that determination of AChE activity may be used as an effective first step method to evaluate cholinergic deficits

Virtual reality exercise intradialysis to improve physical function: A feasibility randomized trial

[EN] Objective The main objective of this investigation was to assess feasibility of conducting a future RCT with an intradialysis non-immersive virtual reality exercise intervention. The secondary aim was to explore the impact of either conventional or VR exercise on physical function. Design Feasibility randomized trial. Participants Eighteen subjects who participated in a 16-week intradialysis combined exercise program. Interventions The program lasted four additional weeks of either combined exercise or virtual reality exercise. Main outcome measures Physical function was measured through several reliable tests (sit-to-stand-to-sit tests 10 and 60, gait speed, one-leg heel-rise tests, and 6-minute walk test) at baseline, after 16 weeks of intradialysis combined exercise and by the end of four additional weeks of exercise. Adherence to the exercise programs was registered. Results There was a significant time effect, so that physical function improved in both groups. By the end of the 20 weeks, function improved as measured through the sit-to-stand-to-sit tests 10 and 60, gait speed, one-leg heel-rise left leg, and the 6-minute walk test. Changes that did not occur due to error in the test were seen after 20 weeks were achieved in the sit-to-stand-to-sit test 60, gait speed, one-leg heel-rise test for the left leg, and 6-minute walking test. Conclusion Virtual reality was a feasible intervention. Both interventions improved physical function. Adherence was not significantly different between groups.Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain, Grant/Award Number: Consolidacion de Indicadores CEU-UCH 2016-2017/ISegura-Orti, E.; Perez-Dominguez, B.; Ortega-Pérez De Villar, L.; Melendez-Oliva, E.; Martínez-Gramaje, J.; García-Maset, R.; Gil-Gómez, J. (2019). Virtual reality exercise intradialysis to improve physical function: A feasibility randomized trial. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. 29(1):89-94. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13304S8994291Segura-Ortí, E., Gordon, P. L., Doyle, J. W., & Johansen, K. L. (2017). Correlates of Physical Functioning and Performance Across the Spectrum of Kidney Function. Clinical Nursing Research, 27(5), 579-596. doi:10.1177/1054773816689282Segura-Orti, E., & Johansen, K. L. (2010). Exercise in End-Stage Renal Disease. Seminars in Dialysis, 23(4), 422-430. doi:10.1111/j.1525-139x.2010.00766.xDelgado, C., & Johansen, K. L. (2011). Barriers to exercise participation among dialysis patients. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 27(3), 1152-1157. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfr404Heiwe, S., & Tollin, H. (2012). Patients’ perspectives on the implementation of intra-dialytic cycling—a phenomenographic study. Implementation Science, 7(1). doi:10.1186/1748-5908-7-68Konstantinidou, E., Koukouvou, G., Kouidi, E., Deligiannis, A., & Tourkantonis, A. (2002). Exercise training in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis: Comparison of three rehabilitation programs. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 34(1), 40-45. doi:10.1080/165019702317242695Corbetta, D., Imeri, F., & Gatti, R. (2015). Rehabilitation that incorporates virtual reality is more effective than standard rehabilitation for improving walking speed, balance and mobility after stroke: a systematic review. Journal of Physiotherapy, 61(3), 117-124. doi:10.1016/j.jphys.2015.05.017Peruzzi, A., Cereatti, A., Della Croce, U., & Mirelman, A. (2016). Effects of a virtual reality and treadmill training on gait of subjects with multiple sclerosis: a pilot study. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, 5, 91-96. doi:10.1016/j.msard.2015.11.002Brien, M., & Sveistrup, H. (2011). An Intensive Virtual Reality Program Improves Functional Balance and Mobility of Adolescents With Cerebral Palsy. Pediatric Physical Therapy, 23(3), 258-266. doi:10.1097/pep.0b013e318227ca0fOrtega‐Pérez de VillarL Pérez‐ DomínguezB Segura‐OrtíE et al.Use of virtual reality game as part of exercise program for chronic kidney disease patients undergoing haemodialysis.2015.Cho, H., & Sohng, K.-Y. (2014). The Effect of a Virtual Reality Exercise Program on Physical Fitness, Body Composition, and Fatigue in Hemodialysis Patients. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 26(10), 1661-1665. doi:10.1589/jpts.26.1661OrtegaL.Comparison of two exercise programs for hemodialysis patients intradialysis vs home based program. absolute and relative reliability of physical performance[tesis doctoral]. Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud;2017.Guralnik, J. M., Ferrucci, L., Simonsick, E. M., Salive, M. E., & Wallace, R. B. (1995). Lower-Extremity Function in Persons over the Age of 70 Years as a Predictor of Subsequent Disability. New England Journal of Medicine, 332(9), 556-562. doi:10.1056/nejm199503023320902Segura-Ortí, E., & Martínez-Olmos, F. J. (2011). Test-Retest Reliability and Minimal Detectable Change Scores for Sit-to-Stand-to-Sit Tests, the Six-Minute Walk Test, the One-Leg Heel-Rise Test, and Handgrip Strength in People Undergoing Hemodialysis. Physical Therapy, 91(8), 1244-1252. doi:10.2522/ptj.20100141Segura-Ortí, E. (2017). Fisioterapia sobre ejercicio en pacientes en hemodiálisis. Fisioterapia, 39(4), 137-139. doi:10.1016/j.ft.2017.05.003Bohm, C., Stewart, K., Onyskie-Marcus, J., Esliger, D., Kriellaars, D., & Rigatto, C. (2014). Effects of intradialytic cycling compared with pedometry on physical function in chronic outpatient hemodialysis: a prospective randomized trial. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 29(10), 1947-1955. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfu248KOUFAKI, P., NASH, P. F., & MERCER, T. H. (2002). Assessing the efficacy of exercise training in patients with chronic disease. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 34(8), 1234-1241. doi:10.1097/00005768-200208000-00002Cappy, C. S., Jablonka, J., & Schroeder, E. T. (1999). The effects of exercise during hemodialysis on physical performance and nutrition assessment. Journal of Renal Nutrition, 9(2), 63-70. doi:10.1016/s1051-2276(99)90002-xHeadley, S., Germain, M., Mailloux, P., Mulhern, J., Ashworth, B., Burris, J., … Jones, M. (2002). Resistance training improves strength and functional measures in patients with end-stage renal disease. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 40(2), 355-364. doi:10.1053/ajkd.2002.34520Painter, P., Carlson, L., Carey, S., Paul, S. M., & Myll, J. (2000). Low-functioning hemodialysis patients improve with exercise training. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 36(3), 600-608. doi:10.1053/ajkd.2000.16200Segura-Ortí, E., Kouidi, E., & Lisón, J. F. (2009). Effect of resistance exercise during hemodialysis on physical function and quality of life: randomized controlled trial. Clinical Nephrology, 71(05), 527-537. doi:10.5414/cnp71527Esteve Simó, V., Junqué, A., Fulquet, M., Duarte, V., Saurina, A., Pou, M., … Ramírez de Arellano, M. (2014). Complete Low-Intensity Endurance Training Programme in Haemodialysis Patients: Improving the Care of Renal Patients. Nephron Clinical Practice, 128(3-4), 387-393. doi:10.1159/000369253Johansen, K. L., Painter, P. L., Sakkas, G. K., Gordon, P., Doyle, J., & Shubert, T. (2006). Effects of Resistance Exercise Training and Nandrolone Decanoate on Body Composition and Muscle Function among Patients Who Receive Hemodialysis: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 17(8), 2307-2314. doi:10.1681/asn.2006010034Tao, X., Chow, S. K. Y., & Wong, F. K. (2017). The effects of a nurse-supervised home exercise programme on improving patients’ perceptions of the benefits and barriers to exercise: A randomised controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 26(17-18), 2765-2775. doi:10.1111/jocn.13798Rossi, A. P., Burris, D. D., Lucas, F. L., Crocker, G. A., & Wasserman, J. C. (2014). Effects of a Renal Rehabilitation Exercise Program in Patients with CKD: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 9(12), 2052-2058. doi:10.2215/cjn.11791113Boone, A. E., Foreman, M. H., & Engsberg, J. R. (2017). Development of a novel virtual reality gait intervention. Gait & Posture, 52, 202-204. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.11.025Orcy, R. B., Dias, P. S., Seus, T. L., Barcellos, F. C., & Bohlke, M. (2012). Combined Resistance and Aerobic Exercise is Better than Resistance Training Alone to Improve Functional Performance of Haemodialysis Patients - Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Physiotherapy Research International, 17(4), 235-243. doi:10.1002/pri.1526Oliveros R, M. S., Avendaño, M., Bunout, D., Hirsch, S., De La Maza, M. P., Pedreros, C., & Müller, H. (2011). Estudio piloto sobre entrenamiento físico durante hemodiálisis. Revista médica de Chile, 139(8), 1046-1053. doi:10.4067/s0034-98872011000800010Silva, S. F. da, Pereira, A. A., Silva, W. A. H. da, Simôes, R., & Barros Neto, J. de R. (2013). Physical therapy during hemodialyse in patients with chronic kidney disease. Jornal Brasileiro de Nefrologia, 35(3), 170-176. doi:10.5935/0101-2800.20130028Bulckaen, M., Capitanini, A., Lange, S., Caciula, A., Giuntoli, F., & Cupisti, A. (2011). Implementation of exercise training programs in a hemodialysis unit: effects on physical performance. Journal of Nephrology, 24(6), 790-797. doi:10.5301/jn.2011.6386Cook, S. A., MacLaughlin, H., & Macdougall, I. C. (2007). A structured weight management programme can achieve improved functional ability and significant weight loss in obese patients with chronic kidney disease. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 23(1), 263-268. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfm511PérezDF.Comparación de los efectos de un programa de ejercicio intradiálisis frente a un programa de ejercicio domiciliario[tesis doctoral]. Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud;2017.Wilkinson, T. J., Shur, N. F., & Smith, A. C. (2016). «Exercise as medicine» in chronic kidney disease. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 26(8), 985-988. doi:10.1111/sms.1271

Exchange of Best Practices Within the European Union:Surgery Standardization of Abdominal Organ Retrieval

AbstractConsidering the growing organ demand worldwide, it is crucial to optimize organ retrieval and training of surgeons to reduce the risk of injury during the procedure and increase the quality of organs to be transplanted. In the Netherlands, a national complete trajectory from training of surgeons in procurement surgery to the quality assessment of the procured organs was implemented in 2010. This mandatory trajectory comprises training and certification modules: E-learning, training on the job, and a practical session. Thanks to the ACCORD (Achieving Comprehensive Coordination in Organ Donation) Joint Action coordinated by Spain and co-funded under the European Commission Health Programme, 3 twinning activities (led by France) were set to exchange best practices between countries. The Dutch trajectory is being adapted and implemented in Hungary as one of these twinning activities. The E-learning platform was modified, tested by a panel of Hungarian and UK surgeons, and was awarded in July 2013 by the European Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education of the European Union of Medical Specialists. As a pilot phase for future national training, 6 Hungarian surgeons from Semmelweis University are being trained; E-learning platform was fulfilled, and practical sessions, training-on-the-job activities, and evaluations of technical skills are ongoing. The first national practical session was recently organized in Budapest, and the new series of nationwide selected candidates completed the E-learning platform before the practical. There is great potential for sharing best practices and for direct transfer of expertise at the European level, and especially to export this standardized training in organ retrieval to other European countries and even broader. The final goal was to not only provide a national training to all countries lacking such a program but also to improve the quality and safety criteria of organs to be transplanted

Coulomb excitation of exotic nuclei at the R3B-LAND setup

Exotic Ni isotopes have been measured at the R3B-LAND setup at GSI in Darmstadt, using Coulomb excitation in inverse kinematics at beam energies around 500 MeV/u. As the experimental setup allows kinematically complete measurements, the excitation energy was reconstructed using the invariant mass method. The GDR and additional low-lying strength have been observed in 68Ni, the latter exhausting 4.1(1.9)% of the E1 energy-weighted sum rule. Also, the branching ratio for the non-statistical decay of the excited 68Ni nuclei was measured and amounts to 24(4)%.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures. Invited Talk given at the 11th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (NN2012), San Antonio, Texas, USA, May 27-June 1, 2012. To appear in the NN2012 Proceedings in Journal of Physics: Conference Series (JPCS

The Evolution of Compact Binary Star Systems

We review the formation and evolution of compact binary stars consisting of white dwarfs (WDs), neutron stars (NSs), and black holes (BHs). Binary NSs and BHs are thought to be the primary astrophysical sources of gravitational waves (GWs) within the frequency band of ground-based detectors, while compact binaries of WDs are important sources of GWs at lower frequencies to be covered by space interferometers (LISA). Major uncertainties in the current understanding of properties of NSs and BHs most relevant to the GW studies are discussed, including the treatment of the natal kicks which compact stellar remnants acquire during the core collapse of massive stars and the common envelope phase of binary evolution. We discuss the coalescence rates of binary NSs and BHs and prospects for their detections, the formation and evolution of binary WDs and their observational manifestations. Special attention is given to AM CVn-stars -- compact binaries in which the Roche lobe is filled by another WD or a low-mass partially degenerate helium-star, as these stars are thought to be the best LISA verification binary GW sources.Comment: 105 pages, 18 figure

Nuclear astrophysics with radioactive ions at FAIR

R. Reifarth et al: ; 12 págs.; 9 figs.; Open Access funded by Creative Commons Atribution Licence 3.0 ; Nuclear Physics in Astrophysics VI (NPA6)The nucleosynthesis of elements beyond iron is dominated by neutron captures in the s and r processes. However, 32 stable, proton-rich isotopes cannot be formed during those processes, because they are shielded from the s-process ow and r-process -decay chains. These nuclei are attributed to the p and rp process. For all those processes, current research in nuclear astrophysics addresses the need for more precise reaction data involving radioactive isotopes. Depending on the particular reaction, direct or inverse kinematics, forward or time-reversed direction are investigated to determine or at least to constrain the desired reaction cross sections. The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) will oer unique, unprecedented opportunities to investigate many of the important reactions. The high yield of radioactive isotopes, even far away from the valley of stability, allows the investigation of isotopes involved in processes as exotic as the r or rp processes.This project was supported by the HGF Young Investigators Project VH-NG-327, EMMI, H4F, HGS-HIRe, JINA, NAVI, DFG and ATHENA.Peer Reviewe