Entrevista a Karlos Linazasoro

Entrevista a Karlos Linazasor

La importancia de la farmacia asistencial en la atención sanitaria a pacientes que acuden a la oficina de farmacia con problemas de ansiedad durante la pandemia COVID-19

25 p. : il. -- Bibliogr.: p. 22-25Durante la pandemia Covid-19, ha incrementado la prevalencia de la ansiedad entre la población. La ansiedad, es un estado emocional desagradable que cursa con nerviosismo y una serie de respuestas tanto, psicológicas, conductuales, cognitivas, sociales como físicas. Esta patología, si se prolonga en el tiempo puede causar problemas de salud más graves. Su tratamiento se basa en paliar la sintomatología con la que cursa, bien sea con tratamiento psicológico o farmacológico. En el 2020, debido al colapso de los centros de atención primaria, se ha producido un incremento en el número de consultas en las oficinas de farmacia, por parte de pacientes en busca de tratamientos que no requieran prescripción médica y consejos farmacéuticos para el control de determinadas patologías. En la farmacia Alfonso Eguinoa López de Uralde, las consultas más prevalentes en este periodo fueron las relacionadas con la ansiedad y los problemas para conciliar el sueño. En esta misma farmacia, se ha producido, durante el año de la pandemia, un aumento de casi el 16% en el número de fármacos para el tratamiento de la ansiedad frente al 2019 y un incremento de más del 38% en el caso de productos que no necesitan prescripción médica para el tratamiento de esta patología. Es por ello, que es importante destacar el papel fundamental que puede tener la farmacia asistencial dentro del sistema sanitario a la hora de optimizar los resultados en salud de los y las pacientes a través de servicios profesionales farmacéuticos asistenciales como es el de indicación terapéutica

La importancia de la farmacia asistencial en la atención sanitaria a pacientes que acuden a la oficina de farmacia con problemas de ansiedad durante la pandemia COVID-19

25 p. : il. -- Bibliogr.: p. 22-25Durante la pandemia Covid-19, ha incrementado la prevalencia de la ansiedad entre la población. La ansiedad, es un estado emocional desagradable que cursa con nerviosismo y una serie de respuestas tanto, psicológicas, conductuales, cognitivas, sociales como físicas. Esta patología, si se prolonga en el tiempo puede causar problemas de salud más graves. Su tratamiento se basa en paliar la sintomatología con la que cursa, bien sea con tratamiento psicológico o farmacológico. En el 2020, debido al colapso de los centros de atención primaria, se ha producido un incremento en el número de consultas en las oficinas de farmacia, por parte de pacientes en busca de tratamientos que no requieran prescripción médica y consejos farmacéuticos para el control de determinadas patologías. En la farmacia Alfonso Eguinoa López de Uralde, las consultas más prevalentes en este periodo fueron las relacionadas con la ansiedad y los problemas para conciliar el sueño. En esta misma farmacia, se ha producido, durante el año de la pandemia, un aumento de casi el 16% en el número de fármacos para el tratamiento de la ansiedad frente al 2019 y un incremento de más del 38% en el caso de productos que no necesitan prescripción médica para el tratamiento de esta patología. Es por ello, que es importante destacar el papel fundamental que puede tener la farmacia asistencial dentro del sistema sanitario a la hora de optimizar los resultados en salud de los y las pacientes a través de servicios profesionales farmacéuticos asistenciales como es el de indicación terapéutica

Entrevista a Óscar Esquivias

Entrevista al escrito

Entrevista a Violeta Rojo

Entrevista a Violeta Roj

The bioguided fractionation and pharmacological activity of an endemic Salix canariensis species

The present study was designed to confirm the wide traditional use of treating pain with Salix canariensis, an endemic species of the Macaronesian region. The active compounds were identified. Pharmacological activities were explored in experimental animals by acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin and Levy´s tests, and bioactive compounds were identified after a bio-guided fractionation of the most active organic extract. S. canariensis extract, orally administrated at different doses, led to a significant reduction in writhing, caused a moderate decrease of formalin-induced pain and revealed an excellent dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effect. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate extract suggested the possible presence of pentacyclic triterpenes from oleanane and ursane series. These findings allow the conclusion that S. canariensis exerts analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, documenting its traditional use in the treatment of pain and inflammatory diseases

Propuesta para el aprendizaje de la primera ley de newton con estudiantes de grado décimo de la Escuela Tecnológica Instituto Técnico Central

En éste documento se expone una experiencia de aula implementada en el primer semestre del año 2008 por estudiantes de licenciatura en Física de noveno semestre de la Universidad Distrital. Se presenta una propuesta para el aprendizaje de la Primera ley de Newton (ley de Inercia), por medio de una secuencia de actividades de corte interaccionista y en contraposición al modelo conductista se pretende iniciar en la conceptualización de la Dinámica. Cabe señalar que además, se intentan desarrollar algunas competencias comunicativas, pues el diseño posibilita que se active el pensamiento físico, en tanto promueve el comportamiento social y busca ciertos niveles de equidad en el aula de clases.Fil: Ortiz Sánchez, Domingo. Universidad Pedagógica Nacional; ColombiaFil: Méndez, Rudy. Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas; ColombiaFil: Rodríguez Sotelo, Sindy Julieth. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Física del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Física del Litoral; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Santiesteban, Sandra Nathaly. Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas; Colombi

Humoral and cellular response in convalescent COVID-19 lupus patients

Systemic lupus erythematosus; Translational immunologyLupus eritematós sistèmic; Immunologia translacionalLupus eritematoso sistémico; Inmunología traslacionalIn SLE, underlying immune dysregulation and immunosuppression may increase the susceptibility to COVID-19 and impair the humoral and adaptive response. We aimed to characterize COVID-19 infection, identifying susceptibility and severity risk factors, assessing the presence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and analyzing the cellular response. We established a prospective cohort of lupus patients to estimate the COVID-19 incidence compared to the reference general population. Data were collected via telephone interviews and medical record review. SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were measured cross-sectionally as part of routine surveillance. Longitudinal changes in antibody titers and immunological profile from convalescent COVID-19 patients were evaluated at 6, 12 and 24 week after symptom onset. From immunological studies, PBMCs from convalescent patients were extracted and analyzed by flow cytometry and gene expression analysis. We included 725 patients, identifying 29 with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection and 16 with COVID-19-like symptoms without PCR-testing. Of the 29 confirmed cases, 7 had severe disease, 8 required hospital admission (27.6%), 4 intensive care, and 1 died. COVID-19 accumulated incidence was higher in lupus patients. Health care workers and anti-SSA/Ro52 antibody positivity were risk factors for COVID-19 susceptibility, and hypocomplementemia for severity. SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were detected in 8.33% of patients. Three fourths of confirmed COVID-19 cases developed antibodies. High prednisone doses were associated with lack of antibody response. Antibody titers declined over time (39%). Convalescent patients at week 12 after symptom onset displayed a CD8+T cell reduction and predominant Th17 with a mild Th2 response, more pronounced in severe COVID-19 disease. Longitudinal immune response analysis showed a progressive sustained increase in CD8+ T and B memory cells with a decrease of Th17 signaling. Lupus patients are at higher risk of COVID-19 infection and new susceptibility and severity risk factors were identified. Lupus patients were able to mount humoral and cellular responses despite immunosuppressive therapy

Thalidomide Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Cutaneous Lupus by Inhibiting the IRF4/NF-ҡB and AMPK1/mTOR Pathways

Cutaneous lupus; Mechanism of action; ThalidomideLupus cutáneo; Mecanismo de acción; TalidomidaLupus cutani; Mecanisme d'acció; TalidomidaThalidomide is effective in patients with refractory cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). However, the mechanism of action is not completely understood, and its use is limited by its potential, severe side-effects. Immune cell subset analysis in thalidomide’s CLE responder patients showed a reduction of circulating and tissue cytotoxic T-cells with an increase of iNKT cells and a shift towards a Th2 response. We conducted an RNA-sequencing study using CLE skin biopsies performing a Therapeutic Performance Mapping System (TMPS) analysis in order to generate a predictive model of its mechanism of action and to identify new potential therapeutic targets. Integrating RNA-seq data, public databases, and literature, TMPS analysis generated mathematical models which predicted that thalidomide acts via two CRBN-CRL4A- (CRL4CRBN) dependent pathways: IRF4/NF-ҡB and AMPK1/mTOR. Skin biopsies showed a significant reduction of IRF4 and mTOR in post-treatment samples by immunofluorescence. In vitro experiments confirmed the effect of thalidomide downregulating IRF4 in PBMCs and mTOR in keratinocytes, which converged in an NF-ҡB reduction that led to a resolution of the inflammatory lesion. These results emphasize the anti-inflammatory role of thalidomide in CLE treatment, providing novel molecular targets for the development of new therapies that could avoid thalidomide’s side effects while maintaining its efficacy.This research was funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III, PI15/02145

Air trapping in COVID-19 patients following hospital discharge : retrospective evaluation with paired inspiratory/expiratory thin-section CT

The study reports our experience with paired inspiration/expiration thin-section computed tomographic (CT) scans in the follow-up of COVID-19 patients with persistent respiratory symptoms. From August 13, 2020, to May 31, 2021, 48 long-COVID patients with respiratory symptoms (27 men and 21 women; median age, 62.0 years; interquartile range: 54.0-69.0 years) underwent follow-up paired inspiration-expiration thin-section CT scans. Patient demographics, length of hospital stay, intensive care unit admission rate, and clinical and laboratory features of acute infection were also included. The scans were obtained on a median of 72.5 days after onset of symptoms (interquartile range: 58.5-86.5) and at least 30 days after hospital discharge. Thin-section CT findings included ground-glass opacity, mosaic attenuation pattern, consolidation, traction bronchiectasis, reticulation, parenchymal bands, bronchial wall thickening, and air trapping. We used a quantitative score to determine the degree of air trapping in the expiratory scans. Parenchymal abnormality was found in 50% (24/48) of patients and included air trapping (37/48, 77%), ground-glass opacities (19/48, 40%), reticulation (18/48, 38%), parenchymal bands (15/48, 31%), traction bronchiectasis (9/48, 19%), mosaic attenuation pattern (9/48, 19%), bronchial wall thickening (6/48, 13%), and consolidation (2/48, 4%). The absence of air trapping was observed in 11/48 (23%), mild air trapping in 20/48 (42%), moderate in 13/48 (27%), and severe in 4/48 (8%). Independent predictors of air trapping were, in decreasing order of importance, gender (p = 0.0085), and age (p = 0.0182). Our results, in a limited number of patients, suggest that follow-up with paired inspiratory/expiratory CT in long-COVID patients with persistent respiratory symptoms commonly displays air trapping. • Our experience indicates that paired inspiratory/expiratory CT in long-COVID patients with persistent respiratory symptoms commonly displays air trapping. • Iterative reconstruction and dose-reduction options are recommended for demonstrating air trapping in long-COVID patients