30 research outputs found

    Synthesis and disinfection effect of the pyridine-4-aldoxime based salts

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    PubMed ID: 25719739A set of new quaternary ammonium compounds based on pyridine-4-aldoxime was synthesized, characterized with analytical data (NMR, EA, HPLC, MS) and tested for in vitro antimicrobial activity (antibacterial, antifungal) and cytotoxicity. Quaternary pyridinium-4-aldoxime salts with length of alkyl side chain from C8 to C20 and belonging to the group of cationic surfactants were investigated in this work. An HPLC experimental protocol for characterization of mixtures of all homologues has been found. Antimicrobial evaluation found that yeast-type fungi were most sensitive towards C14 and C16 analogues, whereas the C16 analogue was completely ineffective against filamentous fungi. Antibacterial assessment showed versatility of C14 and relatively high efficacy of C16 against G+ strains and C14 against G− strains. Notably, none of the studied compounds exceeded the efficacy and versatility of the benzalkonium C12 analogue, and benzalkonium analogues also exhibited lower cytotoxicity in the cell viability assay.Web of Science2033696368

    PGI1-mediated vascular pentose phosphate pathway activity determines growth, photosynthesis and metabolism through 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-P pathway action in Arabidopsis

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    Resumen del trabajo presentado en el XVI Meeting of Plant Molecular Biology, celebrado en Sevilla (España), del 14 al 16 de septiembre de 2022Phosphoglucose isomerase is involved in the early steps of glycolysis and regeneration of glucose-6-phosphate pools in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). In Arabidopsis, plastidial phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI1) is an important determinant of growth, metabolism and photosynthesis, probably due to its involvement in the synthesis of 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-P (MEP)-derived hormones in root tips and vascular tissues (Bahaji et al., 2015; Bahaji et al., 2018). To test this hypothesis, we conducted proteomic and metabolic characterization of PGI1-null pgi1-2 plants. We also characterized pgi1-2 plants ectopically expressing PGI1 under the control of a root tip- and vascular tissue-specific promoter. Furthermore, we characterized pfk4/pfk5 knockout plants impaired in the early steps of plastidial glycolysis, and pgl3-1 plants with reduced activity of the plastidial PPP enzyme 6-phosphogluconolactonase 3. The overall data obtained in this work provide strong evidence that root tip and vascular PGI1-mediated plastidial PPP determines growth, development and photosynthesis through MEP pathway action.This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN) and Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) / 10.13039/501100011033/ (grants BIO2016-78747-P, PID2019-104685GB-100) and the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of the Czech Republic and ERDF project entitled “Plants as a tool for sustainable global development” (No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000827)

    Vascular and root tip GPT2 expression mediates the PGI1-independent response of Arabidopsis to small microbial volatiles

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    Resumen del trabajo presentado en el XVI Meeting of Plant Molecular Biology, celebrado en Sevilla (España), del 14 al 16 de septiembre de 2022Microorganisms emit a plethora of volatile compounds (VCs) that promote plant growth and photosynthesis as well as strong developmental and metabolic changes. In Arabidopsis, the plastidial isoform of phosphoglucose isomerase PGI1 mediates photosynthesis, metabolism and development, probably due to its involvement in the synthesis of isoprenoid-derived signals in vascular tissues (Bahaji et al., 2015; Bahaji et al., 2018). Like in wild-type (WT) plants, microbial VCs promote growth and photosynthesis as well as starch and CK accumulation in PGI1-lacking pgi1-2 plants (Sánchez-López et al. 2016). A striking alteration in the transcriptome of leaves of small fungal VC-treated plants involves strong up-regulation of levels of transcripts of GPT2 (At1g61800), a gene that codes for a plastidial G6P/Pi transporter. We hypothesized that the PGI1-independent response to microbial volatile emissions involves GPT2 action. To test this hypothesis, we characterized responses of WT, GPT2-null gpt2-1, PGI1-null pgi1-2 and pgi1- 2gpt2-1 plants to small fungal VCs. In addition, we characterized responses of pgi1-2gpt2-1 plants expressing GPT2 under the control of a vascular tissue- and root tip-specific promoter to small fungal VCs. Results presented in this work provide evidence that, under conditions in which PGI1 activity is reduced, long-distance action of GPT2 plays an important role in the response of plants to small VCs through mechanisms involving resetting of the photosynthesis-related proteome in leaves and complex GPT2 regulation.This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN) and Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) / 10.13039/501100011033/ (grants BIO2016-78747-P, PID2019-104685GB-100 and PID2019-107657RB-C22) and the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of the Czech Republic and ERDF project entitled “Plants as a tool for sustainable global development” (No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000827)

    Observation of a spontaneous anomalous Hall response in the Mn5Si3 d-wave altermagnet candidate

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    Phases with spontaneous time-reversal (T ) symmetry breaking are sought after for their anomalous physical properties, low-dissipation electronic and spin responses, and information-technology applications. Recently predicted altermagnetic phase features an unconventional and attractive combination of a strong T -symmetry breaking in the electronic structure and a zero or only weak-relativistic magnetization. In this work, we experimentally observe the anomalous Hall effect, a prominent representative of the T -symmetry breaking responses, in the absence of an external magnetic field in epitaxial thin-film Mn5Si3 with a vanishingly small net magnetic moment. By symmetry analysis and first-principles calculations we demonstrate that the unconventional d-wave altermagnetic phase is consistent with the experimental structural and magnetic characterization of the Mn5Si3 epilayers, and that the theoretical anomalous Hall conductivity generated by the phase is sizable, in agreement with experiment. An analogy with unconventional d-wave superconductivity suggests that our identification of a candidate of unconventional d-wave altermagnetism points towards a new chapter of research and applications of magnetic phases

    Glucose-6-P/phosphate translocator2 mediates the phosphoglucose-isomerase1-independent response to microbial volatiles

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    In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the plastidial isoform of phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI1) mediates photosynthesis, metabolism, and development, probably due to its involvement in the synthesis of isoprenoid-derived signals in vascular tissues. Microbial volatile compounds (VCs) with molecular masses of <45 Da promote photosynthesis, growth, and starch overaccumulation in leaves through PGI1-independent mechanisms. Exposure to these compounds in leaves enhances the levels of GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE/PHOSPHATE TRANSLOCATOR2 (GPT2) transcripts. We hypothesized that the PGI1-independent response to microbial volatile emissions involves GPT2 action. To test this hypothesis, we characterized the responses of wild-type (WT), GPT2-null gpt2-1, PGI1-null pgi1-2, and pgi1-2gpt2-1 plants to small fungal VCs. In addition, we characterized the responses of pgi1-2gpt2-1 plants expressing GPT2 under the control of a vascular tissue- and root tip-specific promoter to small fungal VCs. Fungal VCs promoted increases in growth, starch content, and photosynthesis in WT and gpt2-1 plants. These changes were substantially weaker in VC-exposed pgi1-2gpt2-1 plants but reverted to WT levels with vascular and root tip-specific GPT2 expression. Proteomic analyses did not detect enhanced levels of GPT2 protein in VC-exposed leaves and showed that knocking out GPT2 reduced the expression of photosynthesis-related proteins in pgi1-2 plants. Histochemical analyses of GUS activity in plants expressing GPT2-GUS under the control of the GPT2 promoter showed that GPT2 is mainly expressed in root tips and vascular tissues around hydathodes. Overall, the data indicated that the PGI1-independent response to microbial VCs involves resetting of the photosynthesis-related proteome in leaves through long-distance GPT2 action.This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN) and Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI)/10.13039/501100011033/ (grants BIO2016-78747-P, PID2019-104685GB-100 and PID2019-107657RB-C22) and the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of the Czech Republic and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) project entitled “Plants as a tool for sustainable global development” (No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000827).Peer reviewe

    A theological view of healing in Christianity and selected spiritual streams of the 20th century

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    DOLEŽAL Rafael: A theological view of healing in Christianity and selected spiritual streams of the 20th century, Praha: Teologická fakulta Univerzity Karlovy, 2012. The subject of the diploma thesis consists in study of healing, which is seen from a position of fundamental theology. Attention is paid especially to those claiming to be classified as miraculous ones. A theologically seized recovery is then compared with the concept of healing in selected spiritual streams of the 20th century, belonging to the group New Age. This diploma thesis analyzes the characteristics of miraculous healing, and examines their significance for religion. Keywords: fundamental theology, miracle, healing, New Age, holistic healt

    Quantitative structure-antimycobacterial acitivity relationships in the group of potential antituberculotics

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    DOLEŽAL Rafael: Quantitative relationships between the structure and antimycobacterial activity of selected potential antituberculotics. Hradec Králové: Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, 2008, 274 pp. Ph.D. Thesis. The Ph.D. thesis deals with analysis of quantitative relationships between the structure and antimycobacterial activity (QSAR) of four structural classes of potential antituberculotics - derivatives of N-phenylcarbamic acid esters, derivatives of 1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole-5-thiol, derivatives of salicylamides and derivatives of salicylthioamides. In total, 600 computer models of different compounds were created. 204 of them, after conformational analysis in HyperChem 7.52 and geometric optimization with the B3LYP/6-31G* DFT method in Gaussian 03, provided data for calculation of several types of descriptors. Attention was turned especially to local, quantum-chemical descriptors of electronic properties, such as superdelocalizability, index of frontier electron density and Mulliken electric charge. The QSAR analyses are based on searching for statistically significant correlations between the antimycobacterial activities in vitro and a matrix of various descriptors by means of multiple linear regression (MLR) with the use of a selection algorithm, by the..
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