The effects of seasonal heavy-metal pollution of Ladik Lake on pike fish (Esox lucius)

WOS: 000470363000001Ladik Lake (Samsun, Turkey) is a natural landscape under the threat of pollution because of urban, agricultural and industrial activities. In this study, accumulation of heavy metals (Al, Ba, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn) in the tissues (muscle, liver and gill) of sediment dwelling pike fish and in different substrates of Ladik Lake were investigated. Seasonal haematological, biochemical and histopathological parameters of the carp are also reported. In general, heavy-metal levels in water and sediment samples were found in the highest level in summer and the lowest in autumn. Histopathologic changes in the tissues of the fish (liver and gill) were at the minimum in winter while it was highest in summer. Blood biochemical parameters exhibited higher level in summer in comparison with other seasons. Al, Ba, Cr, Mn and Zn levels in the tissues of the fish were in the order gill>liver>muscle in all seasons. The levels of Cu, Fe and Pb were in the sequence liver>gill>muscle. Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn levels were determined to be in high level in the tissues of the fish with respect to the literature values. The heavy-metal levels in Ladik Lake and the fish health need to be regularly monitored for a sustainable environmental health

EFFECTS OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO GLYPHOSATE ON COMMON CARP (Cyprinus carpio L.) HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS: THE BENEFICIAL EFFECT OF PROPOLIS

WOS: 000326911700003Glyphosate, a non-selective and broad-spectrum herbicide, is widely used for plant control in terrestrial and aquatic environments. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of this herbicide on blood parameters of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), adult fish, which were acutely and chronically exposed (4 and 21 days) to 6 and 12 mg L-1 of glyphosate. In this study, a significant increase was determined in the number of total leucocyte count and agranulocytes for both acute and chronic exposure to glyphosate. On the other hand, granulocyte and erythrocyte count, hemoglobin level, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume and platelet were significantly decreased in both acute and chronic exposure to glyphosate (p<0.05). Experimental results indicated that the changes occurring in hematological parameters depending on the dose and duration were compensated by propolis

Lycopene Ameliorates Experimental Colitis in Rats via Reducing Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an inflammatory disorder involving colitis. Lycopene is a naturally occurring carotenoid that has attracted considerable attention as a potential chemopreventive agent. The impact of lycopene on colitis is currently unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of lycopene in a rat model of colitis induced by acetic acid. The animals were randomly divided into the following five groups: the control group, colitis group, colitis + sulfasalazine group as a positive control group, colitis + lycopene and lycopene groups. Colonic mucosal injury was assessed by biochemical and histopathological examinations. Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total antioxidant status (TAS), ceruloplasmin (CPN), total sialic acid and iron (Fe) levels were evaluated in blood samples. MDA, SOD, TAS and DNA fragmentation levels were also measured in colon tissues. MDA (p < 0.05), total sialic acid (p < 0.05) and DNA fragmentation levels (p < 0.01) were significantly higher, and the activity of the antioxidant enzyme were lower in the colitis group than in the control group. Treatments with lycopene in the colitis decreased MDA, total sialic acid and DNA fragmentation levels, while SOD activity (p < 0.05), TAS (in colon p < 0.05; in serum p < 0.01), CPN (p < 0.05) and Fe levels (p < 0.05) were significantly increased. The histopathological evaluation also confirmed the foregoing findings. Treatment with lycopene ameliorated the biochemical and pathological alterations caused by colitis. The results obtained in this study indicate that lycopene may exert protective effects in experimental colitis and might, therefore, be useful for treatment of IBD

Effects of aerobic plus explosive power exercises on bone remodeling and bone mineral density in young men

WOS: 000427534500006Objectives: This study aims to examine effects of aerobic jogging and explosive power exercises on body composition, maximal oxygen consumption (MaxVO(2)), bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turn-over markers: serum bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), C terminal telopeptide (CTx), Procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP), in men aged between 20 and 40. Materials and methods: Thirty seven healthy males were divided into exercise group (EG, n = 19) and control group (CG, n = 18). EG completed 10 weeks of outdoor aerobic (jogging at 60-70% maximal heart rate reserve starting from 20 min steadily increasing up to 28 min) and explosive power exercises (in 2-3 sets, with maximum repetitions lasting 15 s), 3 times per week. All measurements were taken before and after the exercise program. BMD was measured via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Results: Body mass index (p < 0.001) significantly decreased; MaxVO(2) (p < 0.001), femur neck (p = 0.036) and total score BMD significantly increased in EG (p = 0.034). BAP and vitamin D increased in both groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Performing our outdoor exercise program in spring months might have an important role in the significant increase (9 vs. 22 ng/mL) in mean vitamin D level, which reached above the fracture risk level of 20 ng/mL.Celal Bayar University Academic Research Foundation [2014-110]This study was funded by Celal Bayar University Academic Research Foundation (Funder id: Grant number: 2014-110)

Protective effect of 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate in rat colitis model induced by acetic acid

Some of the diseases like ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease and certain types of intestinal cancers are not treatable effectively. Our aim was to investigate the protective effects of 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate (2-APB) on the rats with acetic acid induced colitis. Twenty four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: (1) control group, (2) colitis group, (3) 2-APB group, (4) colitis+2-APB group. Twenty four hour after the acetic acid administration blood samples were collected under the ether anesthesia. After the collection of all blood samples rats were euthanized by cervical dislocation under the anesthesia and abdomen was opened and the colon was taken. Superoxide dismutase activities, total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, ceruloplasmin, total cialic acid and iron (Fe2+) levels were measured using blood samples. Superoxide dismutase activities, total antioxidant status, malondialdehyde and DNA fragmentation levels were evaluated at colon tissues. Paraffin sections of colon tissue were subjected to: a) immunohistochemistry (Bcl-2), b) TUNEL-staining (apoptotic cells), c) histopathological (masson's trichrome staining) examinations. Sections were evaluated semiquantitatively. Induction of colitis caused pathological and biochemical alterations in rat colon. Rates of apoptosis increased concomitantly with the levels of oxidants in colitis group, while activities of antioxidant enzymes decreased remarkably. Administration of 2-APB however, ameliorated the biochemical and pathological alterations in rats caused by colitis. In the light of the data obtained from the present study it could be recommended that using of 2-APB in colitis could be considered as a remedy at least as a complementary drug

A Possible Role for WNT5A Hypermethylation in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Objective: WNT5A is one of the most studied noncanonical WNT ligands and is shown to be deregulated in different tumor types. Our aim was to clarify whether hypermethylation might be the cause of low WNT5A mRNA levels and whether we could restore this downregulation by reversing the event

Prognostic significance of NOTCH1 and FBXW7 mutations in pediatric T-ALL

The NOTCH signaling pathway plays important role in the development of multicellular organisms, as it regulates cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. In adults, it is essential for the T- or B-lymphocyte lineage commitment. NOTCH1 and FBXW7 mutations both lead the activation of the NOTCH1 pathway and are found in the majority of T- ALL patients. In this study, the mutation analysis of NOTCH1 and FBXW7 genes was performed in 87 pediatric T-ALLs who were treated on the ALL-BFM protocols. In 19 patients (22%), activating NOTCH1 mutations were observed either in the heterodimerization domain or in the PEST domain and 7 cases (10%) demonstrated FBXW7 mutations (2 cases had both NOTCH1 and FBXW7 mutations). We also analyzed the relationship of the mutation data between the clinical and biological data of the patients. NOTCH1 and FBXW7, NOTCH1 alone were found correlated with lower initial leucocyte counts which was independent from the sex and T- cell immunophenotype. However, NOTCH1 and FBXW7 mutations were not predictive of outcome in the overall cohort of pediatric T-ALLs