Macular Findings Obtained by Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Retinopathy of Prematurity

Purpose. To examine the macular findings obtained with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) in infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Materials and Methods. The macular SD OCT images of 190 premature infants were analyzed. Data regarding central foveal thickness (CFT), cystoid macular edema (CME), and cyst grading were compared. The relationships of CFT with gestational age and birth weight were investigated. Results. The results were obtained from 358 eyes of 179 infants (81 females and 98 males) of a mean gestational age of 30.9±2.7 weeks and a mean birth weight of 1609±477 g. ROP was diagnosed in 126 eyes and CME in 139 eyes. A significantly greater percentage of eyes with ROP were found to have CME (54%) compared to eyes without ROP (31%; P=0.001). The incidence of CME was 46.3% for stage 1 ROP, 57.1% for stage 2, and 87.5% for stage 3. There was a weakly inverse correlation between CFT, gestational age, and birth weight (P=0.025, r=-0.227; P=0.002, r=-0.182, resp., Spearman correlation test). Conclusions. High-quality SD OCT images can be obtained from premature infants using the iVue system. Severity and frequency of CME in premature infants increase as stage of ROP increases

Our clinical experience in pelvic magnetic resonance imaging with vaginal contrast

Objectives: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important modality for pelvic imaging. Vaginal distension is provided by the use of vaginal contrast in pelvic MRI, and it plays an important role in staging especially cervical and vaginal cancer. The aim of this study is to show whether the use of vaginal contrast material contributes to the diagnosis in pelvic examination. Material and methods: Between October 1, 2016 and December 30, 2020, a total of 57 patients who underwent pelvic magnetic resonance imaging with vaginal contrast in the radiology clinic were included in the study and evaluated retrospectively. Results: Cervical cancer was detected in 38 of the 57 patients included in the study, and when the vaginal pre- and post-contrast staging of the patients was performed, the pre-contrast stage was found to be high in six patients (15%). Eight of 38 patients diagnosed with cervical cancer underwent surgery. When the pathological and radiological staging of the patients who underwent surgery were compared, they were 100% compatible. Conclusions: The use of vaginal contrast material increases the diagnostic value of MRI in various pelvic pathologies, especially in cervical cancer staging

Water recovery with combined membrane system in textile industry, treatment and management of concentrates by hybrid advanced oxidation/membrane filtration

In this study, in addition to textile wastewater treatment by UF/NFtight/TO membrane combination of which efficiency is known, management has been performed for membrane concentrates generated with advanced oxidation combined process (Fenton and photo-Fenton (UVA-365-UVC-254))/submerged UF system of membrane concentrates generated within 75-80% water recovery ratio by oxidizing them in optimum operating conditions which were determined before. Ultimately in the studies, the conclusion has been reached that concentrate flows, generated as a result of the treatment with UF/NFtight/TO membrane configuration, were the highest performance innovative process by decreasing the sequential operated photo-Fenton (UVC-254)/UH050 hybrid process in ratios of 9.88 H2O2/TOK and 7.27 H2O2/Fe2+, in the filtration flux of 44 L/m(2). h, COD value to 167 mg/L with 86% COD removal, and TOK value to 104 mg/L with 74.2% TOC removal, after the oxidation with Fenton, photo-Fenton (UVA-365) and (UVC-254)/submerged UF system processes. When hazardous characteristics, removal/recovery methods and reuse alternatives of the concentrate remained after the oxidation of membrane concentrates generated were evaluated, it has been seen that all other concentrates of textile industry wastewater, except the concentrate generated by the treatment with photo-Fenton (UVA-365), had characteristics of hazardousness When removal/recovery methods were evaluated in detail, the conclusion has been reached that these concentrates could be removed with alternative options such as regular storage, burning and canalizing to central wastewater treatment system as long as necessary arrangements (moisture content, dehydration, suitable flow and/or mixture ratios) are made

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Kadmiyum ve Kurşunun Balık (Oreochromis niloticus) Eritrositlerinde Antioksidan ve Ozmoregülasyon Sistemlerini Değiştirmesi

Eritrositlerin tüm vücut hücrelerine oksijen taşımaları metabolizma için onları son derece hayati yapar. Metallerin kan yollarıyla taşınmaları eritrositlerin metallerle sürekli karşı karşıya kalması anlamındadır. Bu nedenle bu çalışma Nil çuprası (Oreochromis niloticus) eritrositlerinde akut (20µM, 2 gün) ve sub-kronik (10 µM, 20 gün) Cd ve Pb etkisi sonrası ozmoregülasyon (Na+/K+-ATPase, Mg+2-ATPase, Ca+2-ATPase) ve antioksidan sistem parametrelerinin (CAT, SOD, GPX, GR, GST, tGSH, rGSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG) cevabını araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. ATPaz'ların antioksidan sistem parametreleri ile karşılaştırıldığında daha duyarlı oldukları görülmüştür. Bütün ATPaz aktiviteleri akut ve sub-kronik metal etkilerinde önemli düzeyde artmıştır. Metal ve etki sürelerine bağlı olarak antioksidan sistem parametrelerinde farklılık olduğu ve Pb'nin daha çok etkiye neden olduğu gözlenmiştir. En çok GSH metabolizmasının özellikle de sub-kronik Pb etkisi sonrası değişmesine karşın CAT ve GPX aktiviteleri de azalmıştır. Akut Pb etkisi de azalan GPX ve artan GST aktivitelerine neden olmuştur. Akut ve sub-kronik Pb etkileri arasında GSH/GSSG oranı bakımından farklılıklar vardır. Cd, akut etki sonrası GSSG düzeyi ve GSH/GSSG oranındaki azalış ile sub-kronik etki sonrası GST aktivitesindeki azalış dışında antioksidan sistem parametrelerinde çok etkili olmamıştır. Bu çalışma, eritrosit osmoregülasyon ve antioksidan sistem parametrelerinin metal etkilerine duyarlı olduğunu ve stresle yüzleşen balıklar hakkında yararlı veriler sağlayabileceğini belirtmektedir.The erythrocytes deliver oxygen to all around body cells that make them extremely vital for the metabolism. Metals are transferred through the blood, meaning the erythrocytes face with metals continuously. The present study intended to explore the responses of osmoregulation (Na+/K+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase) and antioxidant system parameters (CAT, SOD, GPX, GR, GST, tGSH, rGSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG) in the erythrocytes of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) following acute (20 mM, 2 d) and sub-chronic (10 mM, 20 d) Cd and Pb exposures. ATPases were more sensitive compared to the antioxidant system parameters. All ATPase activities increased significantly in acute and sub-chronic metal exposures. Variations in antioxidant system parameters were recorded with metal and duration differences, Pb causing more alterations. GSH metabolism was mostly altered, especially after sub-chronic Pb exposure, though CAT and GPX activities decreased. Acute Pb exposure also caused a decrease in GPX activity and an increase in GST activity. There were differences in GSH/GSSG ratios between acute and sub-chronic Pb exposures. Cd caused few alterations in the antioxidant system parameters (GSSG and GSH/GSSG ratio decrease and GST increase). The present study demonstrated that the osmoregulation and antioxidant systems of the erythrocyte are sensitive to metal exposures and may provide useful data about the stress fish face

Protective effects of tempol in an experimental ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury model in female Wistar albino rats

WOS: 000404738500011PubMed ID: 28423286The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of tempol on ovarian ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Forty female Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: Group I, sham; Group II, ischemia (I); Group III, I/R; Group IV, I/R + tempol 30 mg/kg i.p; Group V, I/R + tempol 50 mg/kg i.p. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was significantly higher in the ischemia group and the I/R group than in the sham group. Catalase levels were significantly lower in the I/R group than in the I/R + tempol 30 mg/kg i.p. and the I/R + tempol 50 mg/kg i.p. groups. Glutathione peroxidase levels were lower in the I/R group than in the I/R + tempol 30 mg/kg i.p. and the I/R + tempol 50 mg/kg i.p. groups. MDA levels were significantly lower in the I/R + tempol 30 mg/kg i.p. group and the I/R + tempol 50 mg/kg i.p. group than in the I/R group. The levels of the histopathological parameters were significantly decreased in the I/R + tempol 50 mg/kg i.p. group compared with the I/R group. Tempol can be used for reducing ovarian I/R injury

A comparison of propofol and midazolam/meperidine sedation in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy

Introduction : There is increasing interest in sedation for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE). Prospective randomized studies comparing sedation properties and complications of propofol and midazolam/meperidine in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE) are few. Aim: To compare propofol and midazolam/meperidine sedation for UGE in terms of cardiopulmonary side effects, patient and endoscopist satisfaction and procedure-related times. Material and methods: This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind study of propofol versus midazolam and meperidine in 100 patients scheduled for diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The patients were divided into propofol and midazolam/meperidine groups. Randomization was generated by a computer. Cardiopulmonary side effects (hypotension, bradycardia, hypoxemia), procedure-related times (endoscopy time, awake time, time to hospital discharge), and patient and endoscopist satisfaction were compared between groups. Results: There was no significant difference between the groups with respect to the cost, endoscopy time, or demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients. Awake time and time to hospital discharge were significantly shorter in the propofol group (6.58 ±4.72 vs. 9.32 ±4.26 min, p = 0.030 and 27.60 ±7.88 vs. 32.00 ±10.54 min, p = 0.019). Hypotension incidence was significantly higher in the propofol group (12% vs. 0%, p = 0.027). The patient and endoscopist satisfaction was better with propofol. Conclusions : Propofol may be preferred to midazolam/meperidine sedation, with a shorter awake and hospital discharge time and better patient and endoscopist satisfaction. However, hypotension risk should be considered with propofol, and careful evaluation is needed, particularly in cardiopulmonary disorders

Acute and chronic metal (Cd, Pb) exposures alter red blood cell ATPase activity in freshwater fish (Oreochromis niloticus)

49th Congress of the European-Societies-of-Toxicology (EUROTOX) -- SEP 01-04, 2013 -- Interlaken, SWITZERLANDWOS: 000323865800297…European Soc Toxicol (EUROTOX), ECETOC, Roche, Syngenta, AstraZeneca, Sanofi, Basilea Pharmaceutica, ACEA Biosciences Inc, European Crop Protect, Bioservice Sci Labs GmbH, Oekotoxzentrum Ctr Ecotox, Swiss Confederat, Fed Dept Home Affairs, Fed Off Publ Hlth (FOPH), BASF, SCAHT, Johnson & Johnson, Janssen Pharmaceut Co, Natl Ctr Replacement, Refinement & Reduct Anim Res, ILSI, SERVIER, RCC, Nestle, Suva Pro, Interpharma, Covance, Novartis, Merck, BioRelianc