The algorithm of the electric stimulator VEB-1 software operation

This thesis demonstrates results of the electric stimulator VEB-1 software operation algorithm development. To increase the device efficiency, the algorithm is composed using the frequency beat method. Our software solutions allowed us to provide the needed precision to maintain the operating frequency of the electric current pulses that penetrate through the human body on the level not less than 0,001Hz. The software allows the operator to control the electrostimulation process through the screen, where all active processes are displayed

Correlation investigation of the brightness of GDE-grams using the methods of computer graphics and direct measurements

There are two methods of measuring the glow of a liquid under the conditions of gas-discharge imaging. This is a investigation of the brightness of GD-grams - a digital image of streamers created under these conditions, and a direct measurement of brightness using a luminometer, which is carried out during the formation of a streamer during a gas discharge. In the first case, the digital image is analyzed using computer graphics methods and certain software. In the second, the results of direct measurement are analyzed. We have analyzed these two methods using the example of the glow of water under the conditions of gas-discharge visualization. It is shown that with direct measurements the brightness values ​​are higher than when investigating the brightness of a digital image of the same streamer obtained in the same time period. Namely 1.5 cd/m2 and 1.7 cd/m2. The difference is 13% and significantly exceeds the measurement error of the brightness meter (± 7%). According to the results of our research, we suggest that, at the very least, when calibrating the devices that create the GDV-grams, use direct measurements of the glow of the liquid in photometric units. For example, in brightness units

Thermostabilized photodiode for monitoring radiation of medical lasers

The construction of cooled photodiode for medical lasers with non-linearity of output performance in the range from 10⁻⁸ to 10⁻¹ W not more than 1.05 % is suggested. Regulation of cooling the crystal of photodiode is performed by means of specific software controlling the temperature of the photodiode crystal depending on the value of its photocurrent

Гипотеза о «заградительном ряде» для дзета-функций моноидов с экспоненциальной последовательностью простых

The work continues the study of a new class of Dirichlet series — Zeta function of monoids of natural numbers. First of all, we study in detail the Zeta function ζ(M(q)|α) of geometric progress M(q) with the first term equal to 1 and an arbitrary natural denominator q > 1, which is the simplest monoid of natural numbers with a unique decomposition into simple elements of the monoid. For a meromorphic function ζ(M(q)|α) = qα /qα−1 with many poles S(M(q)) ={︂2πik lnq⃒ ⃒ ⃒ ⃒k ∈Z}︂representations are received:ζ(M(q)|α) =qα 2 αlnq∞ ∏︁ n=1(︂1 + α2 ln2 q 4π2n2 )︂−1 = 1 2+1 αlnq+∞ ∑︁ n=12αlnq α2 ln2 q + 4n2π2==qα 2 αlnq 4π2Γ(︂αilnq 2π )︂Γ(︂−αilnq 2π )︂.For the Zeta function ζ(M(p~)|α) of the monoid M(p~) with a finite number of primesp~ = (p1,...,pn) the decomposition into an infinite product is obtainedζ(M(p~)|α) =P(p~)α 2 αnQ(p~)n ∏︁ ν=1∞ ∏︁ m=1(︂1 + α2 ln2 pν 4π2m2 )︂−1 ,where P(p~) = p1 ...pn, Q(p~) = lnp1 ...lnpn, and a functional equation is found ζ(M(p~)|−α) = (−1)n ζ(M(p~)|α) P(p~)α .For the monoid of positive integers M*(p~) = N·M−1(p~) with a unique Prime factorization consisting of positive integers n mutually Prime with P(p~) = p1 ...pn, and for the Euler product P(M*(p~)/ alpha), consisting of factors for all primes other than p1,...,pn, a functional equation is foundζ(M*(p~)|α) = M(p~,α)ζ(M*(p~)|1−α),whereM(p~,α) = M(α)· M1(p~,α) M1(p~,1−α) , M1(p~,α) = n ∏︁ ν=1(︂1− 1 pα ν)︂.It is proved that for any infinite set of Prime P1 there is no analytic function equal tolim /n→∞ζ(M(p~n)|α)on the whole complex plane.The protective series conjecture is formulated for any exponential set of PE primes.In conclusion, topical problems with zeta-functions of monoids of natural numbers that require further investigation are considered.В работе продолжено изучение нового класса рядов Дирихле — дзета-функции мо­ноидов натуральных чисел. Прежде всего детально изучена дзета-функция ????(M(g)|a) геометрической прогресс М(q) с первым членом равным 1 и произвольным натураль­ным знаменателем q > 1, которая является простейшем моноидом натуральных чисел с однозначным разложением на простые элементы моноида. Для мероморфной функции ????(M(g)|a) = qa/qα -1, имеющей множество полюсовS(M(q)) ={2πikl/lnq│k ∈Z}получены представления:ζ(M(q)|α) = ∞ ∏︁ n=1(1 + α2 ln2 q 4π2n2 )︂−1 = 1 2 + 1 αlnq + ∞ ∑︁ n=1 2αlnq α2 ln2 q + 4n2π2 = = q α 2 αlnq 4π2 Γ(︂αilnq 2π )︂Γ(︂−αilnq 2π )︂.Для дзета-функции ζ(M(p~)|α) моноида M(p~) с конечным числом простых чиселp~ = (p1,...,pn) получено разложение в бесконечное произведениеζ(M(p~)|α) =P(p~)α 2 αnQ(p~)n ∏︁ ν=1∞ ∏︁ m=1(︂1 + α2 ln2 pν 4π2m2 )︂−1 ,где P(p~) = p1 ...pn, Q(p~) = lnp1 ...lnpn, и найдено функциональное уравнение ζ(M(p~)|−α) = (−1)n ζ(M(p~)|α) P(p~)α .Для моноида натуральных чисел M*(p~) = N · M−1(p~) с однозначным разложением на простые множители, состоящим из натуральных чисел n взаимно простых с P(p~) = p1 ...pn, и для эйлерово произведение P(M*(p~)|α), состоящего из сомножителей по всем простым числам отличным от p1,...,pn, найдено функциональное уравнение ζ(M*(p~)|α) = M(p~,α)ζ(M*(p~)|1−α), где M(p~,α) = M(α)· M1(p~,α) M1(p~,1−α) , M1(p~,α) = n ∏︁ ν=1(︂1− 1 pα ν)︂.Доказано, что для любого бесконечного множества простых P1 не существует аналитической функции равной lim n→∞ ζ(M(p~n)|α) на всей комплексной плоскости.Сформулирована гипотеза о заградительном ряде для любого экспоненциального множества PE простых чисел.В заключении рассмотрены актуальные задачи с дзета-функциями моноидов натуральных чисел, требующие дальнейшего исследования

Effect of lithium borate coating on the electrochemical properties of LiCoO2 electrode for lithium-ion batteries

The effect of a protective coating of fused lithium borate, Li3BO3, on the physicochemical and electrochemical characteristics of LiCoO2 has been studied. A cathode material produced by the SCS method using binary organic fuel, glycine and citric acid. The influence of the experiment conditions on the morphology, crystal structure and specific surface of lithium cobaltite was studied. Electrochemical testing of LiCoO2∙nLi3BO3 samples, n = 5 and 7 mass %, has been performed in the cathode Li|Li+-electrolyte|LiCoO2∙nLi3BO3 half-cell using 1M LiPF6 in EC/DMC mixture (1:1) as electrolyte in the 2.7-4.3 V range at normalized discharge current С/10, С/5, С/2. The maximal initial discharge capacity of 185 mAh/g was detected for the samples with 5 mass % Li3BO3. The coulomb efficiency of optimal materials in the 40th cycle was 99.1%

Influence of a binder on the electrochemical behaviour of Si/RGO composite as negative electrode material for Li-ion batteries

Received: 02.12.2020. Accepted: 21.12.2020. Published:30.12.2020.A composite consisting of silicon nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (Si/RGO) was studied as a promising material for the negative electrode of lithium-ion batteries. Commonly used polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) served as a binder. To reveal the influence of the binder on the electrochemical behaviour of the Si/RGO composite, binder-free electrodes were also prepared and examined. Anode half-cells with composites comprising CMC as a binder demonstrated the best properties: capacity over 1200 mAh·g–1, excellent cycling performance and good rate capability up to 1.0C.This work was performed with financial support from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russian Federation, project ID RFMEFI60419X0235

О МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯХ В. Н. КУЗНЕЦОВА (К 70-ЛЕТИЮ СО ДНЯ РОЖДЕНИЯ)

This article is dedicated to the 70th anniversary of a prominent specialist in the analytic theory of numbers — Valentin Nikolaevich Kuznetsov. An overview of the main stages of professional formation and growth V. N. Kuznetsova. Analyzed the main directions of fundamental and applied mathematical research. The list of the main scientific publications of V. N. Kuznetsova and topics of theses, for which V. N. Kuznetsov was the supervisor.Эта статья посвящена 70-летию видного специалиста по аналитической теории чисел — Валентину Николаевичу Кузнецову. Дан обзор основных этапов профессионального становления и роста В. Н. Кузнецова. Проанализированы основные направления его фундаментальных математических и прикладных исследований. Представлен список основных научных публикаций В. Н. Кузнецова и тематика диссертаций, по которым В. Н. Кузнецов был научным руководителем

Effect of Lithium Borate Coating on the Electrochemical Properties of LiCoO2 Electrode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Received: 13.10.2020. Revised: 18.11.2020. Accepted: 26.11.2020. Available online: 21.12.2020.This article belongs to the regular issue.The effect of a protective coating of fused lithium borate, Li3BO3, on the physicochemical and electrochemical characteristics of LiCoO2 has been studied. A cathode material produced by the SCS method using binary organic fuel, glycine and citric acid. The influence of the experiment conditions on the morphology, crystal structure and specific surface of lithium cobaltite was studied. Electrochemical testing of LiCoO2∙nLi3BO3 samples, n = 5 and 7 mass %, has been performed in the cathode Li|Li+-electrolyte|LiCoO2∙nLi3BO3 half-cell using 1M LiPF6 in EC/DMC mixture (1:1) as electrolyte in the 2.7-4.3 V range at normalized discharge current С/10, С/5, С/2. The maximal initial discharge capacity of 185 mAh/g was detected for the samples with 5 mass % Li3BO3. The coulomb efficiency of optimal materials in the 40th cycle was 99.1%.The work was performed in accordance with the state as-signments of the Institute of Chemistry of Solids of the Ural Branch of the RAS, No. AAAA-A19-119031890026-6 and No. АААА-А19-119102990044-6, the state assignment of the Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics of the RAS, No. АААА-А19-119061890019-5, and Thematic map No. 0089-2019-0007 «Functional materials for chemical power sources»

Маркеры активации гемостаза и повреждения эндотелия у пациентов с активным онкологическим заболеванием

Introduction. Increased expression of tissue factor by tumor cells, formation of procoagulant microparticles and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines that activate leukocytes and endothelial cells are considered to be the main factors provoking blood coagulation activation in cancer patients.The aim of the investigation was to study the peculiarities of hemostasis activation markers and endothelial damage in patients with active cancer.Materials and methods. Patients with active cancer were included in the study. We determined the following biomarkers: fibrinogen (Fg), von Willebrand factor (vWF), D-dimer (D-d), growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A).Results. Twenty-two patients with active cancer were included in the study. The median follow-up of the patients was 180 days (minimum 90, maximum 240). The presence of metastatic lesion was found in 62% of patients. At the end of the follow-up period (after 6 months) remission of the underlying disease was observed in 45.5% of patients, and 54.5% of patients were found to have progressed oncoprocess. GDF-15 levels ranged from 1486 to 11,722 pg/ml and were above normal values in all patients. Significant variability was also revealed in the level of VEGF-A - from 1 to 2944 pkg/ml, and only in 7 (32%) patients its level corresponded to normal values (0-66 pkg/ml). High levels of Fg (>3.6 g/L), D-d (>500 ng/ml), and vWF (>160%) were detected in 19 (86%), 18 (82%), and 17 (77%) patients, respectively.Conclusions. The pilot study demonstrates a pronounced activation of the blood coagulation system and endothelial damage in patients with active cancer receiving chemotherapy and having a high risk of venous thromboembolic complications. The detected relationship of markers characterizing blood coagulation activation (D-d) and endothelial damage (vWF) with the progression of oncoprocess necessitates their further study in this category of patients.Введение. Основными факторами, провоцирующими активацию свертывания крови у онкологических больных, считаются повышенная экспрессия тканевого фактора клетками опухоли, образование прокоагулянтных микрочастиц и секреция провоспалительных цитокинов, активирующих лейкоциты и клетки эндотелия.Цель исследования – изучить особенности маркеров активации гемостаза и повреждения эндотелия у пациентов с активным онкологическим заболеванием.Материалы и методы. В исследование включались пациенты с активным онкологическим заболеванием. Определялись следующие биомаркеры: фибриноген (Fg), фактор фон Виллебранда (vWF), D-димер (D-d), фактор дифференцировки роста 15 (GDF-15), фактор роста эндотелия сосудов А (VEGF-A).Результаты. В исследование было включено 22 пациента с активным раком. Медиана наблюдения за больными составила 180 дней (минимум 90, максимум 240). Наличие метастатического поражения обнаружено у 62% пациентов. По завершении периода наблюдения (через 6 мес.) ремиссия основного заболевания отмечена у 45,5% пациентов, а у 54,5% констатировано прогрессирование онкопроцесса. Уровень GDF-15 варьировал в пределах от 1486 до 11 722 пкг/мл и у всех больных был выше нормальных значений. Значительная вариабельность была выявлена и по уровню VEGF-A – от 1 до 2944 пкг/мл, и только у 7 (32%) пациентов его уровень соответствовал нормальным значениям (0–66 пкг/мл). Высокие уровни Fg (> 3,6 г/л), D-d (> 500 нг/мл) и vWF (> 160%) были выявлены у 19 (86%), 18 (82%) и 17 (77%) больных соответственно.Выводы. Проведенное пилотное исследование демонстрирует выраженную активацию системы свертывания крови и повреждения эндотелия у больных активным раком, получающих химиотерапию и имеющих высокий риск венозных тромбоэмболических осложнений. Обнаруженная взаимосвязь маркеров, характеризующих активацию свертывания крови (D-d) и повреждение эндотелия (vWF), с прогрессированием онкопроцесса диктует необходимость их дальнейшего изучения у данной категории больных